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Viability and hatchability of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana cysts after passing through the digestive system of eared grebes Podiceps nigricollis

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第4期41卷 1300-1306页

作者： michael R.CONOVER mark E.BELL leah m.DELAHOUSSAYE Department of Wildland Resources and Ecology Center LoganUT 84322-5230USA

Brine shrimp Artemia franciscana provide food for many migrating and staging birds that spend summer and fall on Great Salt Lake,Utah,*** produce live young and cysts(hard-walled eggs);these cysts are commercially harvested on Great Salt Lake and support a large industry in *** is unclear the impact that millions of hungry birds have on the Artemia population in the *** help assess that,this study evaluated cyst viability(percentage of cysts that contain an embryo)and hatchability(percent of cysts that hatch)from cysts that had passed through the digestive tract of eared grebes Podiceps nigricollis and cysts obtained directly from Great Salt Lake at the same site where each grebe was *** was significantly higher for cysts collected from the water column(19%)than from the stomach(0.3%)or intestines(3%)of eared *** also was significantly different for cysts collected from the water column(29%),stomach(0.7%),and intestines(5%).These results indicate that eared grebes nutritionally benefit from eating cysts and that they may be an important food source for grebes in late fall after the adult population of Artemia dies off due to the water becoming too ***,enough cysts survive their passage through the digestive system that grebes can vector hatchable cysts to other waterbodies.

关键词： Artemia dispersal eared grebes hatchability invasive species Great Salt Lake salty lakes viability

The effect of the CHAmP intervention on fundamental motor skills and outdoor physical activity in preschoolers

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 98-105页

作者： Kara K.Palmer Katherine m.Chinn leah E.Robinson Child movement Activity and Developmental Heanlth Laboratory University of Michigan Center for Human Growth and Development University of Michigan

Purpose: Physical activity(PA) and fundamental motor skills are important components of current and future trajectories of health in young children. This study examined the effects of a 5-week motor skill intervention on preschoolers' motor skill competence and their PA behaviors while participating in the motor skill intervention or outdoor free play(recess).methods: A total of 102 preschoolers served as participants and were part of a motor skill intervention group(n = 64) or a control/outdoor free play group(n = 38). Children's motor skills were assessed before and after the intervention using the Test of Gross motor Development-3 rd edition. PA during the motor skill intervention and outdoor free play was assessed using accelerometers both immediately before the start(baseline, Week 0 or Week 1) and end(late, Week 5 or Week 6) of the ***: All children significantly improved their motor skills from baseline to late assessment(p motor skill intervention demonstrated greater rates of change(p motor skills at the late assessment compared with the control group(p milarly, there was no effect of group on PA during days with the movement program(intervention vs. outdoor free play) at either time point, but boys were more active than girls at the late assessment(p more PA while participating in the intervention toward the end of the intervention than at the ***: The 5-week motor skill intervention was effective at improving preschoolers' motor skills and rates of change in motor skills were higher for children who completed the intervention compared with children in the control group. Preschoolers in the intervention did demonstrate PA changes while par

关键词： Gross motor skills Intervention motor development: Pediatrics Physical activity

Encapsulated peracetic acid as a valid broad‑spectrum antimicrobial alternative,leading to beneficial microbiota compositional changes and enhanced performance in broiler chickens

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 2128-2142页

作者： Salvatore Galgano leah Conway Nikki Dalby Adrian Fellows Jos G.mHoudijk monogastric Science Research Centre Scotland’s Rural CollegeWest Mains RoadEdinburgh EH93JGScotlandUK Aga2tech Ltd HalifaxUK Centre for Innovation Excellence in Livestock YorkUK

Background Antimicrobial alternatives are urgently needed,including for poultry production *** this study,we tested the potential broad-range antimicrobial alternative peracetic acid,delivered in feed via the hydrolysis of encapsulated precursors through a 28-day study using 375 Ross 308 broiler *** tested two peracetic acid concentrations,30 and 80 mg/kg on birds housed on re-used litter,and we evaluated the impact of both levels on gut microbial communities,bacterial concentration,antimicrobial resistance genes relative abundance and growth performance when compared to control birds housed on either clean or re-used *** Body weight gain and feed conversion ratio improved in peracetic acid fed *** d 28,birds given 30 mg/kg of peracetic acid had a decreased Firmicutes and an increased Proteobacteria abundance in the jejunum,accompanied by an increase in Bacillus,Flavonifractor and Rombustia in the caeca,and a decreased abundance of tetracycline resistance *** given 80 mg/kg of peracetic acid had greater caecal abundance of macrolides lincosamides and streptogramins resistance *** performance on clean litter was reduced compared to reused litter,which concurred with increased caecal abundance of Blautia,decreased caecal abundance of Escherichia/Shigella,Anaerostipes and Jeotgalicoccus,and greater gene abundance of vancomycin,tetracycline,and macrolides resistance *** Peracetic acid could be used as a safe broad-spectrum antimicrobial alternative in *** precursors were able to reduce the bacterial concentration in the jejunum whilst promoting the proliferation of probiotic genera in the caeca,especially at the low peracetic acid concentrations tested,and improve growth ***,our findings offer further insights on potential benefits of rearing birds on re-used litter,suggesting that the latter could be associated with better performance and reduced antimicrobial resistance

关键词： Antimicrobial alternative Antimicrobial resistance Broiler chicken microbiota Peracetic acid Performance 16S rRNA gene

mapping transcriptome-wide protein-RNA interactions to elucidate RNA regulatory programs

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2018年第3期6卷 228-238页

作者： molly m.Hannigan leah L.Zagore Donny D.Licatalosi Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA

Background： Our understanding of post-transcriptional gene regulation has increased exponentially with the development of robust methods to define protein-RNA interactions across the transcriptome. In this review, we highlight the evolution and successful applications of crosslinking and immunoprecipitation （CLIP） methods to interrogate protein-RNA interactions in a transcriptome-wide manner. Results： Here, we survey the vast array of in vitro and in vivo approaches used to identify protein-RNA interactions, including but not limited to electrophoretic mobility shift assays, systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment （SELEX）, and RIP-seq. We particularly emphasize the advancement of CLIP technologies, and detail protocol improvements and computational tools used to analyze the output data. Importantly, we discuss how profiling protein-RNA interactions can delineate biological functions including splicing regulation, alternative polyadenylation, cytoplasmic decay substrates, and miRNA targets. Conclusions： In summary, this review summarizes the benefits of characterizing RNA-protcin networks to further understand the regulation of gene expression and disease pathogenesis. Our review comments on how future CLIP technologies can be adapted to address outstanding questions related to many aspects of RNA metabolism and further advance our understanding of RNA biology.

关键词： RNA binding proteins CLIP post-transcriptional regulation RNA networks

Innovations in osteomyelitis research:A review of animal models

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Animal models and Experimental medicine 2021年第1期4卷 59-70页

作者： Kylie m.Roux leah H.Cobb marc A.Seitz Lauren B.Priddy College of Veterinary medicine Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA

Infection of bone tissue,or osteomyelitis,has become a growing concern in modern healthcare due in no small part to a rise in antibiotic resistance among bacteria,notably Staphylococcus *** current standard of care involves aggressive,prolonged antibiotic therapy combined with surgical debridement of infected *** this treatment may be sufficient for resolving a portion of cases,recurrences of the infection and associated risks including toxicity with long-term antibiotic usage have been ***,there exists a need to produce safer,more efficacious options of treatment for *** order to test treatment regimens,animal models that closely mimic the clinical condition and allow for accurate evaluation of therapeutics are *** a model that replicates features of osteomyelitis in humans continues to be a challenge to scientists,as there are many variables involved,including choosing an appropriate species and method to establish *** review addresses the refinement of animal models of osteomyelitis to reflect the clinical disease and test prospective *** aim of this review is to explore studies regarding the use of animals for osteomyelitis therapeutics research and encourage further development of such animal models for the translation of results from the animal experiment to human medicine.

关键词： animal model bone infection orthopedic implant osteomyelitis Staphylococcus aureus

Retinal regeneration requires dynamic Notch signaling

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第6期17卷 1199-1209页

作者： leah J.Campbell Jaclyn L.Levendusky Shannon A.Steines David R.Hyde Department of Biological Sciences Center for Zebrafish ResearchCenter for Stem Cells and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameINUSA

Retinal damage in the adult zebrafish induces müller glia reprogramming to produce neuronal progenitor cells that proliferate and differentiate into retinal *** signaling,which is a fundamental mechanism known to drive cell-cell communication,is required to maintain müller glia in a quiescent state in the undamaged retina,and repression of Notch signaling is necessary for müller glia to reenter the cell *** dynamic regulation of Notch signaling following retinal damage also directs proliferation and neurogenesis of the müller glia-derived progenitor cells in a robust regeneration *** contrast,mammalian müller glia respond to retinal damage by entering a prolonged gliotic state that leads to additional neuronal death and permanent vision *** the dynamic regulation of Notch signaling in the zebrafish retina may aid efforts to stimulate müller glia reprogramming for regeneration of the diseased human *** findings identified DeltaB and Notch3 as the ligand-receptor pair that serves as the principal regulators of zebrafish müller glia *** addition,multi-omics datasets and functional studies indicate that additional Notch receptors,ligands,and target genes regulate cell proliferation and neurogenesis during the regeneration time ***,our understanding of Notch signaling during retinal regeneration is *** fully appreciate the complex regulation of Notch signaling that is required for successful retinal regeneration,investigation of additional aspects of the pathway,such as post-translational modification of the receptors,ligand endocytosis,and interactions with other fundamental pathways is *** we review various modes of Notch signaling regulation in the context of the vertebrate retina to put recent research in perspective and to identify open areas of inquiry.

关键词： differentiation gliosis müller glia neuronal progenitor cell Notch signaling proliferation quiescence retinal development retinal regeneration zebrafish

Nut and peanut butter consumption and risk of prostate cancer in the NIH-AARP diet and health study

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Cancer Communications 2022年第1期42卷 65-69页

作者： mimi Ton leah m.Ferrucci Stephanie J.Weinstein maryam Hashemian Demetrius Albanes Jiaqi Huang metabolic Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD 20892United States Yale School of Public Health Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520United States Yale Cancer Center Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520United States Department of Biology School of Arts and SciencesUtica CollegeUticaNY 13502United States National Clinical Research Center for metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Diabetes ImmunologyMinistry of Educationand Department of Metabolism and EndocrinologyThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410011China

Dear Editor,Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men worldwide and leading cancer in incidence among men in the United States(US).In 2018,the US had over 190,000 new prostate cancer cases,accounting for almost 1 in 5 new male cancer diagnoses[1].A recent review of dietary factors in relation to prostate cancer risk did not find evidence regarding nut consumption as neither a risk nor protective factor,though it has been hypothesized to be associated with a decreased cancer risk through multi-ple mechanisms[2].

关键词： protective cancer dietary

Gender, Social Origins and Accumulated Disadvantages Associated with mid-Life Body Weight in Taiwan

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Health 2014年第18期6卷 2399-2407页

作者： Duan-Rung Chen leah m. Frerichs Institute of Health Policy and management Public Health Building National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan College of Public Health University of Nebraska Medical Center Nebraska Medical Center Omaha USA

Obesity is a problem with global health and economic consequences. This study assesses the impact of social origins and socio-economic disadvantages on mid-life body weight. Hypotheses of both critical early life period and social trajectory were tested using a sample of 845 adults, aged 45 to 69 years, from a nationally representative sample in 2009 Taiwan Social Change Survey. The study found evidence of a significant gender-specific heterogeneity of social origins on obesity risk. men with accumulated disadvantage had increased BmI, but no significant accumulative trajectories were found among women. Obesity prevention must consider factors beyond behavioral change, and include a focus on social origins and gender identity.

关键词： Obesity Risk Social Class Social Trajectory

Genomics-guided discovery of a new and significantly better source of anticancer natural drug FK228

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2018年第4期3卷 268-274页

作者： Xiangyang Liu Feng Xie leah B.Doughty Qi Wang Lixin Zhang Xueting Liu Yi-Qiang Cheng State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237PR China UNT System College of Pharmacy University of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTX76107USA CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101PR China Department of Biological Sciences University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWI53201USA

FK228 is an FDA-approved anticancer drug naturally produced by Chromobacterium violaceum No.968 up to 19 mg/L in a pilot industry-scale batch *** we report a genomics-guided discovery of Burkholderia thailandensis mSmB43 as a new and significantly better source of *** genome of *** mSmB43 was found to contain a functional biosynthetic gene cluster highly homologous to that of FK228 in *** No.968,and the bacterium indeed produces authentic *** simple fermentation in shaking flasks in a preferred m8 medium,*** mSmB43 produced FK228 up to 67.7 mg/L;by fedbatch fermentation in a 20-L fermentor in m8 medium,*** mSmB43 produced FK228 up to 115.9 mg/L,which is 95 fold higher than that of *** No.968 under the same laboratory fermentation ***-PCR analysis indicated that the high FK228 yield of *** mSmB43 was due to high expression of biosynthetic genes,represented by Bth_depA,during the fermentation *** genetic manipulation resulted in a recombinant strain,*** mSmB43/pBmTL3-tdpR,which harbors a broad host-range vector expressing the thailandepsin biosynthetic pathway regulatory gene *** engineered strain produced up to 168.5 mg/L of FK228 in fed-batch fermentation in a 20-L fermentor in m8 ***,the wild-type *** mSmB43 or its engineered derivative could potentially be a good starting point for an industrial process to improve FK228 production for its expanding use in therapy.

关键词： Burkholderia thailandensis mSmB43 Fermentation optimization FK228 Genome mining Natural product Productivity