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Towards more culturally inclusive domestic toilet facilities in Australia

Frontiers of Architectural Research 2016年第3期5卷 383-391页

作者： Zulkeplee Othman laurie buys School of Design Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia

The topics on toilets, defecation and perianal cleansing may be perceived as taboo subjects in daily discussions but are markedly important from health and hygienical perspectives. In multicultural countries like Australia, no research attention has been given to domestic toilet hygienical requirements from the perspective of the society＇s cultural traditions or religious teachings. The Western sitting lavatories with toilet paper facilities are the most common toilet systems available in Australian homes, which may be contradictory to persons coming from non- Western backgrounds. Squat latrines used widely in many Asian countries are acknowledged to be more conducive for maintaining a healthy bowel system, but are unattractive to Westerners and also unsuitable for those with physical disabilities. Similarly, water is regarded as the most hygienica[ option for perianal cleansing in many cultures but is rarely used in Western cultures. This paper investigates the experiences of seven Muslim families living in Brisbane with respect to whether or not the Australian toilet systems in their homes meet their personal and familial requirements. This paper further explores whether modifications were made to their domestic toilets to meet these essential needs. Some design recommendations are presented, which are based on the extant literature on this topic as well as the findings from this study. These design options provide an opportunity for future research focussed on a universal toilet design solution that is adaptable and able to meet the needs of all users, especially for those countries with a multicultural PoPulation.

关键词： Toitets Culturally inctusive Austratia Home Multicuttural

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Privacy, modesty, hospitality, and the design of Muslim homes： A literature review

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2015年第1期4卷 12-23页

作者： Zulkeplee Othman Rosemary Aird laurie buys School of Design Queensland University of Technology Faculty of Creative Industries Brisbane Australia

Traditional Islamic teachings and traditions involve guidelines that have direct applications in the domestic sphere. The principles of privacy, modesty, and hospitality are central to these guidelines; each principle has a significant effect on the design of Muslim homes, as well as on the organization of space and domestic behaviors within each home. This paper reviews literature on the privacy, modesty, and hospitality within Muslim homes. Nineteen publications from 1986 to 2013 were selected and analyzed for content related to the meaning of privacy, modesty, and hospitality in Islam and the design of Muslim homes. Despite the commonly shared guidelines for observing privacy, modesty, and hospitality within each home, MusLims living in different countries are influenced by cultural factors that operate within their country of residence. These factors help to shape the architectural styles and use of space within Muslim homes in different ways. Awareness of the multifactorial nature of the influences on the Muslim perception of home and the use of space is necessary for architects, buildin^l desi^Iners, engineers, and builders to be properly equipped to meet the needs of clients.

关键词： Privacy Modesty Hospitatity Muslim Istam Home

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Australian Consumer Attitudes and Decision Making on Renewable Energy Technology and Its Impact on the Transformation of the Energy Sector

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2014年第3期3卷 85-91页

作者： Jeff Sommerfeld laurie buys Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia

This paper critically examines research on consumer attitudes and behavior towards solar photovoltaic (PV) and renewable energy technology in Australia. The uptake of renewable energy technology by residential consumers in Australia in the past decade has transformed the electricity supply and demand paradigm. Thus, this paper reviews Australian research on consumer behavior, understanding and choices in order to identify gaps in knowledge. As the role of the consumer transforms, there is a critical need to understand the ways that consumers may respond to future energy policies to mitigate unforeseen negative social and economic consequence of programs designed to achieve positive environmental outcomes.

关键词： Solar Photovoltaic Renewable Energy Residential Consumers Energy Policy Australia Transformation Feed-in-Tariffs

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The Effectiveness of Energy Feedback for Conservation and Peak Demand: A Literature Review

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2013年第1期2卷 7-15页

作者： Desley Vine laurie buys Peter Morris Science & Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia

This paper reviews electricity consumption feedback literature to explore the potential of electricity feedback to affect residential consumers’ electricity usage patterns. The review highlights a substantial amount of literature covering the debate over the effectiveness of different feedback criteria to residential customer acceptance and overall conservation and peak demand reduction. Researchers studying the effects of feedback on everyday energy use have observed substantial variation in effect size, both within and between studies. Although researchers still continue to question the types of feedback that are most effective in encouraging conservation and peak load reduction, some trends have emerged. These include that feedback be received as quickly as possible to the time of consumption;be related to a standard;be clear and meaningful and where possible both direct and indirect feedback be customised to the customer. In general, the literature finds that feedback can reduce electricity consumption in homes by 5 to 20 percent, but that significant gaps remain in our knowledge of the effectiveness and cost benefit of feedback.

关键词： Electricity Energy Conservation Feedback Residential

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Application of a Bayesian Network Complex System Model Examining the Importance of Customer-Industry Engagement to Peak Electricity Demand Reduction

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2016年第2期5卷 31-47页

作者： Desley Vine laurie buys Jim Lewis Peter Morris School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia School of Design Creative Industries Faculty Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Australia

This paper explores the importance of customer-industry engagement (CIE) to peak energy demand by means of a newly developed Bayesian Network (BN) complex systems model entitled the Residential Electricity Peak Demand Model (REPDM). The REPDM is based on a multi-disciplinary perspective designed to solve the complex problem of residential peak energy demand. The model provides a way to conceptualise and understand the factors that shift and reduce consumer demand in peak times. To gain insight into the importance of customer-industry engagement in affecting residential peak demand, this research investigates intervention impacts and major influences through testing five scenarios using different levels of customer-industry engagement activities. Scenario testing of the model outlines the dependencies between the customer-industry engagement interventions and the probabilities that are estimated to govern the dependencies that influence peak demand. The output from the model shows that there can be a strong interaction between the level of CIE activities and interventions. The influence of CIE activity can increase public and householder support for peak reduction and the model shows how the economic, technical and social interventions can achieve greater peak demand reductions when well-designed with appropriate levels of CIE activities.

关键词： Peak Electricity Demand Residential Electricity Complex Systems Modelling Customer-Industry-Engagement

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