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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1430-1442页

作者： Hui Zheng lauren t.w.fey Xiang-Guo Li Yong-Jie Hu Liang Qi Chi Chen Shuozhi Xu Irene J.Beyerlein Shyue Ping Ong Department of NanoEngineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0448USA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106-5050USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106-5070USA

Refractory multi-principal element alloys(RMPEAs)are promising materials for high-temperature structural ***,we investigate the role of short-range ordering(SRO)on dislocation glide in the MoNbti and taNbti RMPEAs using a multi-scale modeling *** carlo/molecular dynamics simulations with a moment tensor potential show that MoNbti exhibits a much greater degree of SRO than taNbti and the local composition has a direct effect on the unstable stacking fault energies(USFEs).From mesoscale phase-field dislocation dynamics simulations,we find that increasing SRO leads to higher mean USFEs and stress required for dislocation *** gliding dislocations experience significant hardening due to pinning and depinning caused by random compositional fluctuations,with higher SRO decreasing the degree of USFE dispersion and hence,amount of ***,we show how the morphology of an expanding dislocation loop is affected by the applied stress.

关键词： alloys dislocation element

Improving BMI in Children while Utilizing Pediatric Provider Guided telemedicine: A Pilot Study

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Health 2024年第9期16卷 811-836页

作者： lauren M. Sullivan School of Nursing Chamberlain University Chicago USA

Background: Childhood obesity is dramatically on the rise throughout the world. Screening and prevention are ideal, but treatment becomes necessary when a child’s body mass index (BMI) is 95% and greater. Obesity related illness leads to premature death. Local Problem: the current practice at the clinical site for this project is to send the child for lab work and follow up in three months after implementing lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise. Follow-up visits, often canceled or forgotten, contribute to a lack of evaluation and not being seen until the next annual well visit. Methods: the measurable outcomes are the pre and post BMI measurements. A paired t-test was used for data analysis. Compliance with the program was determined by the dietary logs. Interventions: the childhood obesity project was a self-management project, incorporating weekly telemedicine visits with a pediatric provider. the child’s progress was documented via the dietary log and addressed weekly with the provider. Results: there were five participants at the completion of the program. the BMI levels of the pre-intervention period (M = 21.06, SD = 2.86563) and the post-intervention period (M = 20.9, SD = 3.13688) indicated that there was not a significant change in participant BMI as a result of the eight-week intervention period, t(4) = 0.436, p = 0.685. Conclusions: this program is feasible and can be utilized by other families and providers in futures studies. the availability of telemedicine is convenient for busy families. Further studies are recommended with a larger sample size and a longer implementation period to recognize improved change.

关键词： Childhood Obesity telemedicine

SARS-CoV-2 triggers Dickkopf-1(Dkk-1)modulation of t helper cells and lung pathology in mice

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 9-12页

作者： Yifan wu Freedom M.Green Stephen A.Shaw lauren J.Bonilla Shannon E.Ronca Maria Elena Bottazzi Farrah Kheradmand Jill E.weatherhead Department of Pathology&Immunology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pediatrics One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA National School of tropical Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Molecular Virology&Microbiology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX77030USA Biologyof Inflammation Center Baylor College of MedicineOne BaylorPlazaHoustonTX77030USA Michael E.DeBakey VA Center for translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases HoustonTX 77030USA

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCov-2)is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)*** viral infections like SARS-CoV-2,a robust anti-viral type 1 immune response,including upregulation of type 1 CD4+t helper cells(th1),is required for effective viral clearance while minimizing end-organ pathology and collateral tissue damage.

关键词： pathology acute respiratory

A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces bone marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： lauren S.Kelly Jennifer A.Munley Erick E.Pons Kolenkode B.Kannan Elizabeth M.whitley Letitia E.Bible Philip A.Efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:Severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ *** rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe human *** aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic ***:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(LCHS),multicompartmental polytrauma(Pt)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,bifemoral pseudofracture),or na?ve ***,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(tLR4),hemoglobin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone marrow(BM)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GEMM,BFU-E,and CFU-E)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuests:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhibition of weight gain compared to LCHS(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma tLR4(pwer hemoglobin(pto body weight ratios(p=0.004).Both LCHS and Pt demonstrated suppression of CFU-E and BFU-E growth compared to naive(pwas elevated in Pt compared to both na?ve and LCHS(pt demonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial ***:Multicompartmental injury as described here establishes a reproducible model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe *** may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

Novel data-driven subtypes and stages of brain atrophy in the ALS-FtD spectrum

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translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 50-69页

作者： ting Shen Jacob w.Vogel Jeffrey Duda Jeffrey S.Phillips Philip ACook James Gee lauren Elman Colin Quinn Defne A.Amado Michael Baer lauren Massimo Murray Grossman David J.Irwin Corey t.McMillan Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center Department of NeurologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Clinical Sciences SciLifeLabLund University22242 LundSweden Penn Image Computing and Science Lab(PICSL) Department of RadiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of Penn-sylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Neurology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Digital Neuropathology Laboratory Department of NeurologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA.

Background tDP-43 proteinopathies represent a spectrum of neurological disorders,anchored clinically on either end by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal degeneration(FtD).the ALS-FtD spectrum exhibits a diverse range of clinical presentations with overlapping phenotypes,highlighting its *** study was aimed to use disease progression modeling to identify novel data-driven spatial and temporal subtypes of brain atrophy and its progression in the ALS-FtD *** we used a data-driven procedure to identify 13 anatomic clusters of brain volume for 57 behavioral variant FtD(bvFtD;with either autopsy-confirmed tDP-43 or tDP-43 proteinopathy-associated genetic variants),103 ALS,and 47 ALS-FtD patients with likely tDP-43.A Subtype and Stage Inference(SuStaIn)model was trained to identify subtypes of individuals along the ALS-FtD spectrum with distinct brain atrophy patterns,and we related subtypes and stages to clinical,genetic,and neuropathological features of *** SuStaIn identified three novel subtypes:two disease subtypes with predominant brain atrophy in either prefrontal/somatomotor regions or limbic-related regions,and a normal-appearing group without obvious brain *** limbic-predominant subtype tended to present with more impaired cognition,higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in tBK1 and tARDBP genes,and a higher proportion of tDP-43 types B,E and *** contrast,the prefrontal/somatomotor-predominant subtype had higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in C9orf72 and GRN genes and higher proportion of tDP-43 type *** normal-appearing brain group showed higher frequency of ALS relative to ALS-FtD and bvFtD patients,higher cognitive capacity,higher proportion of lower motor neuron onset,milder motor symptoms,and lower frequencies of genetic pathogenic *** overall SuStaIn stages also correlated with evidence for clinical progression including longer disease duration,higher King’s stage,and cog

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Frontotemporal degeneration Disease heterogeneity SuStaIn model

Impact of dietary supplementation of one-carbon metabolism on neural recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第7期12卷 1075-1076页

作者： Joshua t.Emmerson lauren K.Murray Nafisa M.Jadavji Department of Neuroscience Carleton University Ottawa ONCanada

In the cell,one-carbon metabolism modulates nucleotide synthesis,DNA repair,as well as methylation through the reduction of homocysteine（Figure 1）.High levels of plasma homocysteine have been associated with negative health outcomes in humans（Murray et al.,2017）.Folates,B-vitamins,are a major component of one-carbon metabolism and play an important role in brain ***,they are involved in nucleotide synthesis,DNA repair,methylation,second messenger systems,ion channels,protein,

关键词： of et is as Impact of dietary supplementation of one-carbon metabolism on neural recovery into been were that on MtHFR for DHFR

In-depth examination of hyperproliferative healing in two breeds of Sus scrofa domesticus commonly used for research

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第4期4卷 406-417页

作者： Colton H.Funkhouser Liam D.Kirkpatrick Robert D.Smith lauren t.Moffatt Jeffrey w.Shupp Bonnie C.Carney Firefighters'Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory MedStar Health Research InstituteWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology Georgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Department of Surgery Georgetown University School of MedicineWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA the Burn Center Department of SurgeryMedStar Washington Hospital CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA

Background:wound healing can result in various outcomes,including hypertrophic scar(HtS).Pigs serve as models to study wound healing as their skin shares physi-ologic similarity with ***(Yk)and Duroc(Dc)pigs have been used to mimic normal and abnormal wound healing,*** reason behind this differential healing phenotype was explored ***:Excisional wounds were made on Dc and Yk pigs and were sampled and imaged for 98 *** arrays were used to determine differential gene *** Scar Scale(VSS)scores were ***-epithelialization was analyzed.H&E,Mason's trichrome,and immunostains were used to determine cellularity,col-lagen content,and blood vessel density,***:Yk wounds heal to a“port wine”HtS,resembling scarring in Fitzpatrick skin types(FSt)*** wounds heal to a dyspigmented,non-pliable HtS,resembling scarring in FSt *** expression during wound healing was differentially regulated versus uninjured skin in 40/80 genes,15 of which differed between *** scars had a higher VSS score at all time *** and Dc wounds had equivalent re-epithelialization,collagen disorganization,and blood vessel ***:Our findings demonstrate that Dc and Yk pigs can produce *** creation and healing were consistent among breeds,and differences in gene expression were not sufficient to explain differences in resulting scar *** pig breeds should be used in animal models to investigate novel therapeutics to provide insight into a treatment's effectiveness on various skin types.

关键词： animal models burns Fitzpatrick skin type hypertrophic scar wound healing

Health practitioner practices and their influence on nutritional intake of hospitalised patients

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2019年第2期6卷 162-168页

作者： Andrea P.Marshall tahnie takefala lauren t.williams Alan Spencer Laurie Grealish Shelley Roberts Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith UniversityParklands DriveSouthportQLDAustralia School of Nursing and Midwifery Griffith UniversityParklands DriveSouthportQLDAustralia Nursing and Midwifery Education and Research Unit Gold Coast University Hospital1 Hospital BlvdQLDAustralia School of Allied Health Sciences Griffith UniversityGold Coast CampusParklands DriveSouthportQLDAustralia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Gold Coast Health1 Hospital BlvdQLDAustralia

Objectives:In the hospital setting,poor dietary intake interacts with disease and represents a major and modifiable cause of *** barriers to adequate dietary intake is an important strategy to guide the development of interventions to improve nutrition *** aim of this study reported in this paper was to explore patient,family and health care professionals'perceptions of barriers to and enablers of adequate nutrition care and dietary intake of medical ***:An exploratory qualitative study design incorporating group and individual interviews of patients(n=14),their family members(n=4),and health care professionals(n=18)was *** were recruited pragmatically,using a mix of convenience and purposive sampling.A theoretically informed,semi-structured interview schedule was based on observations of practice and the theoretical Domains *** were audio-recorded,transcribed verbatim and analysed inductively using a general inductive ***:three key themes emerged from analysing participant *** approaches to nutrition care reflected the diverse range of health care professionals responsible for nutrition care but who often worked in isolation from their *** work priorities for nurses reflected the challenge in prioritise nutrition care which was often constrained because of other care needs or work-related *** patients to eat highlighted that nurses were often the only health care professional who would provide assistance to patients at mealtimes and lack of available staff could negatively influence patients'nutrition ***:we have identified many complex and interrelated barriers which preclude adequate dietary intake in acute medical *** predominantly reflect issues inherent in the hospital culture and ***-faceted and sustainable interventions that support a facilitating nutrition culture and multidiscip

关键词： Cognition Dietary services Patients Personnel,Hospital Qualitative research

the impact of height-adjustable desks and classroom prompts on classroom sitting time,social,and motivational factors among adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 97-105页

作者： Bronwyn Sudholz Ana Marıa Contardo Ayala Anna timperio David w.Dunstan David E.Conroy Gavin Abbott Bernie Holland lauren Arundell Jo Salmon Pomegranate Community Mental Health St John of God Social OutreachBallaratVIC 3350Australia Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3128Australia Physical Activity Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Department of Kinesiology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA the Australian Council for Health and Physical Education and Recreation AbbotsfordVIC 3067Australia

Purpose:this quasi-experimental study examined the impact of height-adjustable desks in combination with prompts to break up prolonged sitting time during class time and identified social and motivational factors associated with breaking up sitting time among ***’perceptions of strategies were also ***:Over 17 weeks,1 classroom in a government secondary school in Melbourne,Australia,was equipped with 27 height-adjustable desks and prompts(posters and desk stickers)to break up classroom sitting *** received professional development in the use of the desks and *** group of adolescents(n=55)had 2-5 lessons/week using the height-adjustable desks in an intervention classroom,and a comparison group matched by year level and subject(n=50)was taught in traditional“seated”*** wore an activPAL monitor at baseline(t0),4 weeks(t1),and 17 weeks(t2)and completed a survey at t0 and *** teachers participated in interviews at *** sizes were calculated(d).Results:Linear mixed models found that,compared to the traditional“seated”classrooms,the adolescents in the intervention classroom had significantly lower sitting time(t1:-9.7 min/lesson,d=-0.96;t2:-6.7 min/lesson,d=-0.70)and time spent in sitting bouts>15 min(t2:-11.2 min/lesson,d=-0.62),and had significantly higher standing time(t1:7.3 min/lesson,d=0.84;t2:5.8 min/lesson,d=0.91),number of breaks from sitting(t1:1.3 breaks/lesson,d=0.49;t2:1.8 breaks/lesson,d=0.67),and stepping time(t1:2.5 min/lesson,d=0.66).Intervention classroom adolescents reported greater habit strength(d=0.58),self-efficacy for breaking up sitting time(d=0.75),and indicated that having a teacher/classmate remind them to stand as helpful(d=0.50).Conclusion:this intervention shows promise for targeting sitting behaviors in the classroom and indicates that incorporating social and motivational strategies may further enhance outcomes.

关键词： Adolescent School Sedentary behavior Sitting Standing

Hypoxia-inducing cryogels uncover key cancer-immune cell interactions in an oxygen-deficient tumor microenvironment

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第11期29卷 279-295页

作者： thibault Colombani Zachary JRogers Khushbu Bhatt James Sinoimeri lauren Gerbereux Mohammad Hamrangsekachaee Sidi ABencherif Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115United States Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUnited States Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115United States Harvard John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138United States Biomechanics and Bioengineering(BMBI) UTC CNRS UMR 7338University of Technology of Compi`egneSorbonne University60203 Compi`egneFrance

Hypoxia is a major factor shaping the immune landscape,and several cancer models have been developed to emulate hypoxic ***,to date,they still have several limitations,such as the lack of reproducibility,inadequate biophysical cues,limited immune cell infiltration,and poor oxygen(O_(2))control,leading to non-pathophysiological tumor ***,it is essential to develop better cancer models that mimic key features of the tumor extracellular matrix and recreate tumor-associated hypoxia while allowing cell infiltration and cancer-immune cell ***,hypoxia-inducing cryogels(HICs)have been engineered using hyaluronic acid(HA)to fabricate three-dimensional microtissues and model a hypoxic tumor ***,tumor cell-laden HICs have been designed to deplete O_(2) locally and induce long-standing *** promoted changes in hypoxia-responsive gene expression and phenotype,a metabolic adaptation to anaerobic glycolysis,and chemotherapy ***,HIC-supported tumor models induced dendritic cell(DC)inhibition,revealing a phenotypic change in the plasmacytoid DC(pDC)subset and an impaired conventional DC(cDC)response in ***,our HIC-based melanoma model induced CD8^(+)t cell inhibition,a condition associated with the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion,increased expression of immunomodulatory factors,and decreased degranulation and cytotoxic capacity of t ***,these data suggest that HICs can be used as a tool to model solid-like tumor microenvironments and has great potential to deepen our understanding of cancer-immune cell relationship in low O_(2) conditions and may pave the way for developing more effective therapies.

关键词： Cryogels Hypoxia Cancer Immunosuppression Drug resistance