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Distribution of antioxidants and phenolic compounds in flour milling fractions from hard red winter wheat

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 71-78页

作者： lauren Renee Brewer Jittawan Kubola Sirithon Siriamornpun Yong-Cheng Shi Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Food Innovation and Processing Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyBuriram Rajabhat UniversityBuriram 31000Thailand Research Unit of Thai Food innovation Department of Food Technology and NutritionMahasarakham UniversityMahasarakham 44000Thailand

Mature wheat kernels contain three main parts:endosperm,bran,and *** milling results in multiple streams that are chemically different;however,the distribution of antioxidants and phenolic compounds has not been well documented in terms of conventional milling by-product *** this study,multiple analytical methods were used to investigate antioxidant activity and phenolic compound compositions of hard red winter wheat(whole ground wheat),the parts of a wheat kernel(bran,flour,germ),and wheat by-product streams(mill feed,red dog,shorts)for the first *** each mill stream,phenolic compounds(total,flavonoid,and anthocyanin contents)were determined and antioxidant activities were evaluated with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical-scavenging activity,ferric reducing/antioxidant power(FRAP),and total antioxidant capacity *** differences(P<0.05)were observed in phenolic concentrations among fractions of bran,flour,and germ milled from the same kernels and noted that germ accounts for the majority of antioxidant properties,whereas bran contains a substantial portion of phenolic compounds and *** feed was high in phenolic content(5.29 mg FAE/g),total antioxidant capacity(866 mg/g),and antioxidant activity(up to 75% DPPH inhibition and 20.26μmol FeSO_(4)/g).The comprehensive information on distribution of antioxidants and phenolic compounds provides insights for future human consumption of commonly produced co-products from flour milling,and for selecting and using different milling fractions to make foods with improved nutritional properties.

关键词： Wheat Milling streams Antioxidants Phenolic acids Flavonoid Anthocyanin

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Small-scale self-driving cars:A systematic literature review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第2期11卷 271-292页

作者： Felipe Caleffi lauren da Silva Rodrigues Joice da Silva Stamboroski Brenda Medeiros Pereira Autonomous Vehicles Laboratory Federal University of Santa MariaCachoeira do Sul 96503-205Brazil Mobility and Logistics Laboratory Federal University of Santa MariaCachoeira do Sul 96503-205Brazil

The autonomous vehicle(AV)technology has the potential to significantly improve safety and efficiency of the transportation and logistics ***-scale AV testing is limited by time,space,and cost,while simulation-based testing often lacks the necessary accuracy of AV and environmental *** recent years,several initiatives have emerged to test autonomous software and hardware on scaled *** systematic literature review provides an overview of the literature surrounding small-scale self-driving cars,summarizing the current autonomous platforms deployed and focusing on the software and hardware developments in this *** studies published in English-language journals or conference papers that present small-scale testing of self-driving cars were *** of Science,Scopus,Springer Link,Wiley,ACM Digital Library,and TRID databases were used for the literature *** systematic literature search found 38 eligible *** gaps in the reviewed papers were identified to provide guidance for future *** key takeaway emerging from this manuscript are:(i)there is a need to improve the models and neural network architectures used in autonomous driving systems,as most papers present only preliminary results;(ii)increasing datasets and sharing databases can help in developing more reliable control policies and reducing bias and variance in the training process;(iii)small-scaled vehicles to ensure safety is a major benefit,and incorporating data about unsafe driving behaviors and infrastructure problems can improve the accuracy of predictive models.

关键词： Self-driving car Autonomous vehicle Small-scale vehicle Systematic literature review

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Free-standing microscale photonic lantern spatial mode(De-)multiplexer fabricated using 3D nanoprinting

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1170-1185页

作者： Yoav Dana Yehudit Garcia Aleksei Kukin lauren Dallachiesa Sterenn Guerrier Nicolas K.Fontaine Dan M.Marom Institute of Applied Physics Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael Nokia Bell Labs 600 Mountain AveNew ProvidenceNJ07974USA

Photonic lantern(PL)spatial multiplexers show great promise for a range of applications,such as future high-capacity mode division multiplexing(MDM)optical communication networks and free-space optical *** enable efficient conversion between multiple single-mode(SM)sources and a multimode(MM)waveguide of the same *** multiplexers operate by facilitating adiabatic transitions between the SM arrayed space and the single MM ***,current fabrication methods are forcing the size of these devices to multi-millimeters,making integration with micro-scale photonic systems quite *** advent of 3D micro and nano printing techniques enables the fabrication of freestanding photonic structures with a high refractive index contrast(photopolymer-air).In this work we present the design,fabrication,and characterization of a 6-mode mixing,375µm long PL that enables the conversion between six single-mode inputs and a single six-mode *** PL was designed using a genetic algorithm based inverse design approach and fabricated directly on a 7-core fiber using a commercial two-photon polymerization-based 3D printer and a *** the waveguides exhibit high index contrast,low insertion loss(−2.6 dB),polarization dependent(−0.2 dB)and mode dependent loss(−4.4 dB)were measured.

关键词： mode enable printing

Antisense oligonucleotides provide optimism to the therapeutic landscape for tauopathies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 803-804页

作者： Glenn A.Harris lauren R.Hirschfeld Rainwater Charitable Foundation Fort WorthTXUSA

Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abnormal metabolism of the misfolded tau protein. Tau is encoded by the microtubule-associated protein tau gene(MAPT) and can be classified as either 3-repeat(3R) or 4-repeat(4R) based on the number of repeat domains from alternative splicing of exon 10 of the MAPT gene.

关键词： tau metabolism diseases

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Improving BMI in Children While Utilizing Pediatric Provider Guided Telemedicine: A Pilot Study

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Health 2024年第9期16卷 811-836页

作者： lauren M. Sullivan School of Nursing Chamberlain University Chicago USA

Background: Childhood obesity is dramatically on the rise throughout the world. Screening and prevention are ideal, but treatment becomes necessary when a child’s body mass index (BMI) is 95% and greater. Obesity related illness leads to premature death. Local Problem: The current practice at the clinical site for this project is to send the child for lab work and follow up in three months after implementing lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise. Follow-up visits, often canceled or forgotten, contribute to a lack of evaluation and not being seen until the next annual well visit. Methods: The measurable outcomes are the pre and post BMI measurements. A paired t-test was used for data analysis. Compliance with the program was determined by the dietary logs. Interventions: The childhood obesity project was a self-management project, incorporating weekly telemedicine visits with a pediatric provider. The child’s progress was documented via the dietary log and addressed weekly with the provider. Results: There were five participants at the completion of the program. The BMI levels of the pre-intervention period (M = 21.06, SD = 2.86563) and the post-intervention period (M = 20.9, SD = 3.13688) indicated that there was not a significant change in participant BMI as a result of the eight-week intervention period, t(4) = 0.436, p = 0.685. Conclusions: This program is feasible and can be utilized by other families and providers in futures studies. The availability of telemedicine is convenient for busy families. Further studies are recommended with a larger sample size and a longer implementation period to recognize improved change.

关键词： Childhood Obesity Telemedicine

Feeding behavior and hormoligosis associated with imidacloprid resistance in Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1211-1221页

作者： Xue Dong Chen Justin George lauren M.Diepenbrock Hunter Gossett Guoping Liu Jawwad A.Qureshi Lukasz L.Stelinski Entomology and Nematology Department University of FloridaCitrus Research and Education CenterLake AlfredFloridaUSA Southern Insect Management Research Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMississippiUSA Entomology and Nematology Department University of FloridaSouthwest Florida Research and Education CenterImmokaleeFloridaUSA

Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used for managing the Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri Kuwayama,which serves as vector of phytopathogens causing citrus ***,development of resistance to neonicotinoids among populations of *** has coincided with occasional control failures in the *** objectives of this research were to(1)survey current levels of imidacloprid resistance in Florida citrus;(2)compare feeding behavior between imidacloprid-resistant and susceptible *** using electrical penetration graph recordings,and(3)investigate the possible amplification of insecticide hormoligosis associated with *** surveys confirmed that the susceptibility of *** populations to imidacloprid has decreased in commercial Florida citrus groves compared with a laboratory-susceptible *** 12 generations of selection,resistance to imidacloprid increased by 438 fold compared with the susceptible ***-susceptible *** feeding on citrus exhibited significantly more bouts associated with intercellular pathway(C),phloem penetration(D),phloem salivation(E1),and nonprobing(Np)activities than imidacloprid-resistant ***,there were no differences observed in the frequency or duration of phloem ingestion or xylem feeding between susceptible and resistant *** was no statistical difference in fecundity between resistant and susceptible ***,the fecundity of imidacloprid-susceptible female *** treated with a sublethal concentration of imidacloprid(LC_(25))increased significantly compared with controls,while such hormoligosis was less pronounced among imidacloprid-resistant *** results suggest that imidacloprid-resistant psyllids may cease feeding sooner than susceptible counterparts following sublethal exposure to this insecticide,indicative of a behavioral resistance mechanism.

关键词： artificial selection electrical penetration graph feeding behavior hormoligosis insecticide resistance sublethal exposure

Active Molecular Network Discovery Links Lifestyle Variables to Breast Cancer in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project

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Environment & Health 2024年第6期2卷 401-410页

作者： Miao Yu Qian Li Georgia Dolios Peijun Tu Susan Teitelbaum Jia Chen lauren Petrick Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew York 10029United States The Jackson Laboratory FarmingtonConnecticut 06032United States The Institute for Exposomics Research Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew York 10029United States The Bert Strassburger Metabolic Center Sheba Medical CenterTel-Hashomer 5266202Israel

A healthy lifestyle has been associated with decreased risk of developing breast *** untargeted metabolomics profiling,which provides unbiased information regarding lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise,we aim to identify the molecular mechanisms connecting lifestyle and breast cancer through network analysis.A total of 100 postmenopausal women,50 with breast cancer and 50 cancer-free controls,were selected from the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project(LIBCSP).We measured untargeted plasma metabolomics using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry(LCHRMS).Using the“enet”package,we retained highly correlated metabolites representing active molecular network(AMN)clusters for *** was used to examine associations between cancer status and AMN metabolites and covariates such as BMI,age,and reproductive *** was then repeated to examine associations between AMN metabolites and 10 lifestyle-related variables including smoking,physical activity,alcohol consumption,meat consumption,fruit and vegetable consumption,and supplemental vitamin *** were displayed as a network to uncover biological pathways linking lifestyle factors to breast cancer *** filtering,851“active”metabolites out of 1797 metabolomics were retained in 197 correlation AMN *** LASSO,breast cancer status was associated with 71“active”*** of these metabolites were associated with lifestyle variables including meat consumption,alcohol consumption,and supplementalβ-carotene,B12,and folate *** metabolites could potentially serve as molecular-level biological intermediaries connecting healthy lifestyle factors to breast cancer,even though direct associations between breast cancer and the investigated lifestyles at the phenotype level are not *** particular,DiHODE,a metabolite linked with inflammation,was associated with breast cancer status and connected toβ-carotene supplement usage through an *** foun

关键词： Metabolomics exposome machine learning network analysis public health

Sexual and Reproductive Service Interventions for Menstrual Regulation, Safe Abortion, and Post-abortion Care and Their Effectiveness During Disaster Response: A Global Systematic Review

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 359-373页

作者： Nibedita S.Ray-Bennett Winifred Ekezie Isha Biswas Nimra Iqbal Choudhary David Cowie Lasith Dissanayake lauren Macleod Azukaeogo Nnaji Madhulika Sahoo School of Business University of Leicester Avoidable Deaths Network University of Leicester Diabetes Research Centre Leicester General Hospital University of Leicester School of Social Sciences and Humanities Aston University Lifespan and Population Health School of Medicine University of Nottingham School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies Auckland University of Technology Faculty of Life Sciences and Education University of South Wales West African Regional ECHO (WARE) APIN Public Health Initiatives Department of Anthropology Kalahandi University

Sexual and reproductive health(SRH) services are crucial for women especially during disasters, to reduce maternal mortality and morbidity from miscarriages, unsafe abortions, and post-abortion complications. This study explored the SRH interventions provided during disaster response. A systematic review was conducted to identify what menstrual regulation(MR), safe abortion(SA), and post-abortion care(PAC) approaches/interventions exist to promote resilience in the health system in disaster settings; what intervention components were most eff ective; and challenges and opportunities to meeting SRH rights. Five electronic databases were searched, resulting in 4194 records. Following the screening process, seven publications were included. The intervention-related information in each publication was assessed based on availability,accessibility, acceptability, and quality. Two SRH approaches/interventions were found. The eff ectiveness of intervention components could not be conducted due to the limited number of relevant studies. Challenges were found at facility and community levels, and opportunities included overcoming them, making MR, SA, and PAC integral to the mitigation phase,and policy change to overcome barriers related to unaff ordability and inaccessibility. Recommendations are provided to encourage research and policy towards improving neglected SRH in disaster settings to realize Sustainable Development Goal 3 and the Global Strategy and Sendai Framework's priority to promote disaster-resilient health systems.

关键词： Abortion Disasters Sendai framework Sexual and reproductive health Sustainable development goal

Sarcopenic obesity in patients awaiting liver transplant: Unique challenges for nutritional recommendations

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 40-47页

作者： Darya M Herscovici Katherine M Cooper Alessandro Colletta Michelle Rightmyer Alexandra Shingina lauren D Feld Department of Medicine UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Division of Transplant Nutrition UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37215United States Division of Gastroenterology UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

Sarcopenic obesity increases the risk of mortality in patients with liver disease awaiting liver transplantation and in the post-transplant *** recommendations for individuals with sarcopenia differ from recommendations for patients with obesity or sarcopenic *** these nutrition guidelines have been established in non-cirrhotic patients,established guidelines for liver transplant candidates with sarcopenic obesity are *** this paper,we review existing literature on sarcopenic obesity in patients with chronic liver disease and address opportunities to improve nutritional counseling in patients awaiting liver transplantation.

关键词： Nutrition Sarcopenia Sarcopenic obesity Liver transplant Cirrhosis Chronic liver disease Body composition Myostatin