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Plasmon-induced dual-wavelength operation in a Yb^(3+) laser

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 1042-1050页

作者： laura Sanchez-Garcia Mariola O.Ramirez Rosa Maria Sole joan j.Carvajal Francesc Diaz Luisa E.Bausa Deparment Fisica de Materiales Instituto Nicolas Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center(IFIMAC)Universidad Autonoma de Madrid28049 MadridSpain Universitat Rovira i Virgili Departament Quimica Fisica i InorganicaFisica i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials(FiCMA-FiCNA)-EMaSE-43007 TarragonaSpain

Expanding the functionalities of plasmon-assisted lasers is essential for emergent applications in nanoscience and ***,we report on a novel ability of plasmonic structures to induce dual-wavelength lasing in the near-infrared region in a Yb^(3+) solid-state *** means of the effects of disordered plasmonic networks deposited on the surface of a Yb^(3+)-doped nonlinear RTP crystal,room-temperature dual-wavelength lasing,with a frequency difference between the lines in the THz range,is *** dual-wavelength laser is produced by the simultaneous activation of two lasing channels,namely,an electronic-and a phonon-terminated laser *** latter is enabled by the out-of-plane field components that are generated by the plasmonic structures,which excite specific Raman ***,multiline radiation at three different wavelengths is demonstrated in the visible spectral region via two self-frequency conversion processes,which occur in the vicinities of the plasmonic *** results demonstrate the potential of plasmonic nanostructures for inducing drastic modifications in the operational mode of a solid-state laser and hold promise for applications in a variety of fields,including multiplexing,precise spectroscopies,and THz radiation generation via a simple and cost-effective procedure.

关键词： laser lasing dual

A modified intron of VRT2 drives glume and grain elongation in wheat

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Molecular Plant 2021年第9期14卷 1421-1423页

作者： laura E.Dixon Scott A.Boden Faculty of Biological Sciences University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK School of Agriculture Food and WineWaite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSA 5064Australia

Yield is a complex trait that is determined predominantly by the number,size,and weight of grain produced by a plant,which are all in fluenced by multiple genes and environ mental *** cereals,grain size is in flue need by envir on mental signals including nutrient availability and temperature,and by variation for genes that control the dimensions of a grain or the size of floral organs(e.g.,Heang and Sassa,2012;Brinton et al.,2017;Adamski et al.,2021;Liu et al.,2021;Xiao et al.,2021).Three recent studies have investigated subspecies of tetrapioid and hexapioid wheat that produce Ion ger grains,which form in florets that contain elongated floral structures(Adamski et al.,2021;Liu et al.,2021;Xiao et al.,2021);their findings provide new understanding of the genes controlling floret architecture,which could be used by breeders to enhance grain size and yield.

关键词： grain organs wheat

The clip cage conundrum: Assessing the interplay of confinement method and aphid genotype in fitness studies

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Insect Science 2024年第5期31卷 1591-1602页

作者： laura Marcela Martinez-Chavez joe M.Roberts Alison j.Karley Bethan Shaw Tom W.Pope Centre for Crop and Environmental Science Agriculture and Environment DepartmentHarper Adams UniversityNewportShropshireUK Ecological Sciences The James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundeeUK Pest and Pathogen Ecology NIABEast MallingKentUK

Behavior and fitness are important ecological traits frequently measured in insect bioassays.A common method to measure them in soft-bodied herbivorous insects involves confining individuals to plant leaves using clip *** studies have pre-viously highlighted the negative effects of clip cages on leaf physiology,little is known about the impact that using this confinement method has on insect *** responses of different aphid genotypes/clones to different containment methods have not previously been *** we measured key fitness traits(intrinsic rate of natural increase,mean relative growth rate,time to reach reproductive adulthood and population doubling time)in the potato aphid,Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas(Hemiptera:Aphididae),when confined to plants using two methods:(1)clip cages to confine aphids to individual strawberry leaves and(2)a mesh bag to confine aphids to whole strawberry *** study identified a strong negative impact on all the measured aphid fitness traits when using clip cages instead of mesh *** also identified genotype-specific differences in response to confinement method,where clip cage confinement differentially affected the fitness of a given aphid genotype compared to the same genotype on whole *** results suggest that clip cage use should be carefully considered when experiments seek to quantify insect fitness and that whole plants should be used wherever *** the prevalence of clip cage use in insect bioassays,our results highlight the need for cau-tion when interpreting the existing literature as confinement method significantly impacts aphid fitness depending on their genotype.

关键词： aphid clonal variation aphid fitness clip cages confinement method feed-ing site insect bioassays

Magmatism and metamorphism at ca. 1.45 Ga in the northern Gawler Craton: The Australian record of rifting within Nuna(Columbia)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 175-194页

作者： laura j.Morrissey Karin M.Barovich Martin Hand Katherine E.Howard justin L.Payne School of Natural and Built Environments University of South Australia Department of Earth Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Adelaide

U-Pb monazite and zircon geochronology and calculated metamorphic phase diagrams from drill holes in the northern Gawler Craton, southern Australia, reveal the presence of ca. 1.45 Ga magmatism and metamorphism. Magmatism and granulite facies metamorphism of this age has not previously been recognised in the Gawler Craton. The magmatic rocks have steep LREE-enriched patterns and high Ga/Al values, suggesting they are A-type granites. Calculated metamorphic forward models suggest that this event was associated with high apparent thermal gradients and reached pressures of 3.2 -5.4 kbar and temperatures of 775-815℃. The high apparent thermal gradients may reflect pluton-enhanced metamorphism, consistent with the presence of A-type granites. The recognition of ca. 1.45 Ga tectonism in the northern Gawler Craton is added to a compilation of ca. 1.50 -1.40 Ga magmatism, shear zone reactivation, rift basin development and isotope resetting throughout the South and North Australian Cratons that shows that this event was widespread in eastern Proterozoic Australia. This event is stylistically similar to ca. 1.45 Ga A-type magmatism and high thermal gradient metamorphism in Laurentia in this interval and provides further support for a connection between Australia and Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic. The tectonic setting of the 1.50-1.40 Ga event is unclear but may record rifting within the Nuna(or Columbia) supercontinent, or a period of intracontinental extension within a long-lived convergent setting.

关键词： Gawler Craton Laurentia Metamorphism U-Pb geochronology Paleogeographic reconstruction

Effect of insoluble materials on the volumetric behavior of rock salt

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第1期13卷 84-97页

作者： Mejda Azabou Ahmed Rouabhi laura Blanco-Martìn MINES ParisTech PSL Research UniversityCentre de Géosciences35 rue St HonoréFontainebleau77300France

This paper focuses on the presence of nodules of insoluble materials within salt specimens,and their effect on the volumetric strain measurements and the dilatancy *** analyzed experimental results of over 120 conventional triaxial compression tests,and found that in 20%of the cases,the volumetric strain measurements were *** also noted that the natural variability of the specimens can lead to a non-negligible data scattering in the volumetric strain measurements when different specimens are subjected to the same *** is expected given the small magnitude of those strains,but it occasionally implies that the corresponding specimens are not representative of the volumetric behavior of the studied *** order to understand these results,we numerically investigated salt specimens modeled as halite matrices with inclusions of *** of triaxial compression tests on these structures proved that such heterogeneities can induce dilatancy,and their presence can lead to the appearance of tensile zones which is physically translated into a micro-cracking *** modeling approach is validated as the patterns displayed in the numerical results are identical to that in the *** was then employed to explain the observed irregularities in experimental *** studied the natural variability effect as well and proposed a methodology to overcome the issue of specimen representativity from both deviatoric and volumetric perspectives.

关键词： Rock salt Dilatancy Material heterogeneity Natural variability Triaxial tests Virtual laboratory

Use of Fe/Al drinking water treatment residuals as amendments for enhancing the retention capacity of glyphosate in agricultural soils

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第8期27卷 133-142页

作者： Yuanyuan Zhao laura A.Wendling Changhui Wang Yuansheng Pei The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education School of Environment Beijing Normal University School of Agriculture and Food Sciences University of Queensland State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fe/Al drinking water treatment residuals（WTRs）, ubiquitous and non-hazardous by-products of drinking water purification, are cost-effective adsorbents for glyphosate. Given that repeated glyphosate applications could significantly decrease glyphosate retention by soils and that the adsorbed glyphosate is potentially mobile, high sorption capacity and stability of glyphosate in agricultural soils are needed to prevent pollution of water by ***, we investigated the feasibility of reusing Fe/Al WTR as a soil amendment to enhance the retention capacity of glyphosate in two agricultural soils. The results of batch experiments showed that the Fe/Al WTR amendment significantly enhanced the glyphosate sorption capacity of both soils（p 〈 0.001）. Up to 30% of the previously adsorbed glyphosate desorbed from the non-amended soils, and the Fe/Al WTR amendment effectively decreased the proportion of glyphosate desorbed. Fractionation analyses further demonstrated that glyphosate adsorbed to non-amended soils was primarily retained in the readily labile fraction（Na HCO3-glyphosate）. The WTR amendment significantly increased the relative proportion of the moderately labile fraction（HCl-glyphosate） and concomitantly reduced that of the Na HCO3-glyphosate, hence reducing the potential for the release of soil-adsorbed glyphosate into the aqueous phase. Furthermore, Fe/Al WTR amendment minimized the inhibitory effect of increasing solution p H on glyphosate sorption by soils and mitigated the effects of increasing solution ionic strength. The present results indicate that Fe/Al WTR is suitable for use as a soil amendment to prevent glyphosate pollution of aquatic ecosystems by enhancing the glyphosate retention capacity in soils.

关键词： Glyphosate Soil amendment Fe/Al drinking water treatment residuals Sorption capacity Stability

Analysis of Autopilot Disengagements Occurring During Autonomous Vehicle Testing

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IEEE/CAA journal of Automatica Sinica 2018年第1期5卷 58-68页

作者： Chen Lv Dongpu Cao Yifan Zhao Daniel j. Auger Mark Sullman Huaji Wang laura Millen Dutka Lee Skrypchuk Alexandros Mouzakitis School of Aerospace Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield University Cranfield Bedford MK430AL UK jaguar Land Rover Coventry CV3 4LF UK IEEE

In present-day highly-automated vehicles, there are occasions when the driving system disengages and the human driver is required to take-over. This is of great importance to a vehicle's safety and ride comfort. In the U.S state of California, the Autonomous Vehicle Testing Regulations require every manufacturer testing autonomous vehicles on public roads to submit an annual report summarizing the disengagements of the technology experienced during testing. On 1 january 2016,seven manufacturers submitted their first disengagement reports:Bosch, Delphi, Google, Nissan, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, and Tesla Motors. This work analyses the data from these disengagement reports with the aim of gaining abetter understanding of the situations in which a driver is required to takeover, as this is potentially useful in improving the Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE) Level 2 and Level 3 automation *** events from testing are classified into different groups based on attributes and the causes of disengagement are investigated and compared in detail. The mechanisms and time taken for take-over transition occurred in disengagements are studied. Finally, recommendations for OEMs, manufacturers, and government organizations are also discussed.

关键词： Automated vehicle Disengagement humanvehicle interactions take-over operation vehicle testing

Parameter identification through mode isolation for reaction-diffusion systems on arbitrary geometries

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International journal of Biomathematics 2018年第4期11卷 149-178页

作者： laura Murphy Chandrasekhar Venkataraman Anotida Madzvamuse School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Sussex Department of Mathematics Brighton BNI 9QH UK School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of St Andrews St Andrews UK School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Sussex Department of Mathematics Brighton BN1 9QH UK

We present a computational framework for isolating spatial patterns arising in the steady states of reaction-diffusion systems. Such systems have been used to model many nat- ural phenomena in areas such as developmental and cancer biology, cell motility and material science. In many of these applications, often one is interested in identifying parameters which will lead to a particular pattern for a given reaction-diffusion model. To attempt to answer this, we compute eigenpairs of the Laplacian on a variety of domains and use linear stability analysis to determine parameter values for the system that will lead to spatially inhomogeneous steady states whose patterns correspond to particular eigenfunctions. This method has previously been used on domains and surfaces where the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are found analytically in closed form. Our contribution to this methodology is that we numerically compute eigenpairs on arbitrary domains and surfaces. Here we present examples and demonstrate that mode isolation is straightforward especially for low eigenvalues. Additionally, we show that in some cases the inhomogeneous steady state can be a linear combination of eigenfunctions. Finally,we show an example suggesting that pattern formation is robust on similar surfaces in cases that the surface either has or does not have a boundary.

关键词： Reaction diffusion systems finite elements parameter identification eigen-value problem.

Fekete-Gauss Spectral Elements for Incompressible Navier-Stokes Flows:The Two-Dimensional Case

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第5期13卷 1309-1329页

作者： laura Lazar Richard Pasquetti Francesca Rapetti Lab.j.A.Dieudonne UMR 7351 CNRS UNSUniversite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis06108 Nice Cedex 02France

Spectral element methods on simplicial meshes,say TSEM,show both the advantages of spectral and finite element methods,i.e.,spectral accuracy and geometrical *** present a TSEM solver of the two-dimensional(2D)incompressible Navier-Stokes equations,with possible extension to the 3D *** uses a projection method in time and piecewise polynomial basis functions of arbitrary degree in *** so-called Fekete-Gauss TSEM is employed,i.e.,Fekete(***)points of the triangle are used as interpolation(***)*** the sake of consistency,isoparametric elements are used to approximate curved *** resolution algorithm is based on an efficient Schur complement method,so that one only solves for the element boundary ***,the algebraic system is never assembled,therefore the number of degrees of freedom is not *** accuracy study is carried out and results are provided for classical benchmarks:the driven cavity flow,the flow between eccentric cylinders and the flow past a cylinder.

关键词： Spectral elements simplicial meshes Fekete-Gauss approximation Navier-Stokes equations projection methods domain decomposition