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A micromirror array with annular partitioning for high-speed random-access axial focusing

Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 241-255页

作者： Nathan Tessema ersumo Cem Yalcin Nick Antipa Nicolas Pegard laura Waller Daniel Lopez Rikky Muller The University of California Berkeley and University of CaliforniaSan Francisco Graduate Program in BioengineeringBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of electrical engineering&Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Applied Physical Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCA 94158USA Physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA

Dynamic axial focusing functionality has recently experienced widespread incorporation in microscopy,augmented/virtual reality(AR/VR),adaptive optics and material ***,the limitations of existing varifocal tools continue to beset the performance capabilities and operating overhead of the optical systems that mobilize such *** varifocal tools that are the least burdensome to operate(*** crystal,elastomeric or optofluidic lenses)suffer from low(≈100 Hz)refresh ***,the fastest devices sacrifice either critical capabilities such as their dwelling capacity(*** gradient lenses or monolithic micromechanical mirrors)or low operating overhead(*** mirrors).Here,we present a general-purpose random-access axial focusing device that bridges these previously conflicting features of high speed,dwelling capacity and lightweight drive by employing lowrigidity micromirrors that exploit the robustness of defocusing phase ***,the device consists of an 8.2mm diameter array of piston-motion and 48-μm-pitch micromirror pixels that provide 2πphase shifting for wavelengths shorter than 1100 nm with 10-90% settling in 64.8μs(i.e.,15.44 kHz refresh rate).The pixels are electrically partitioned into 32 rings for a driving scheme that enables phase-wrapped operation with circular symmetry and requireser *** experiments demonstrated the array’s wide focusing range with a measured ability to target 29 distinct resolvable depth ***,the features of the proposed array offer the potential for compact,straightforward methods of tackling bottlenecked applications,including high-throughput single-cell targeting in neurobiology and the delivery of dense 3D visual information in AR/VR.

关键词： mirror axial random

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Hypoxia-inducible factor 2α is a negative regulator of osteoblastogenesis and bone mass accrual

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Bone Research 2019年第1期7卷 91-104页

作者： Christophe Merceron Kavitha Ranganathan elizabeth Wang Zachary Tata Shreya Makkapati Mohd Parvez Khan laura Mangiavini Angela Qing Yao laura Castellini Benjamin Levi Amato J.Giaccia ernestina Schipani Department of Orthopaedic Surgery School of MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Radiation Oncology Stanford University Medical SchoolStanfordCAUSA

Osteoblasts,which are the bone-forming cells,operate in a hypoxic *** transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF1)and HIF2 are key mediators of the cellular response to *** are expressed in ***1 is known to be a positive regulator of bone ***,the role of HIF2 in the control osteoblast biology is still poorly *** this study,we used mouse genetics to demonstrate that HIF2 is an inhibitor of osteoblastogenesis and bone mass ***,we provided evidence that HIF2 impairs osteoblast differentiation at least in part,by upregulating the transcription factor *** findings constitute a paradigm shift,as activation of the hypoxia-signaling pathway has traditionally been associated with increased bone formation through *** HIF2 could thus represent a therapeutic approach for the treatment of the low bone mass observed in chronic diseases,osteoporosis,or aging.

关键词： is cells has

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Sperm quality improvement after natural anti-oxidant treatment of asthenoteratospermic men with leukocytospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第2期10卷 201-206页

作者： Paola Piomboni laura Gambera Francesca Serafini Giovanna Campanella Giuseppe Morgante Vincenzo De Leo Department of Surgery Biology SectionObstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Gynecology and Obstetrics Section University of Siena Siena 53100 Italy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Couple Sterility Siena Hospital Siena 53100 Italy Department of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Gynecology and Obstetrics Section University of Siena Siena 53100 Italy

Aim： To study the immune-modulating and anti-oxidant effects of beta-glucan, papaya, lactoferrin, and vitamins C and e on sperm characteristics of patients with asthenoteratozoospermia associated with leucocytosis. Methods： Fifty-one patients referred to our Sterility Center for semen analysis were selected. Sperm parameters were assessed before and after patient＇s treatment with beta-glucan, lactoferrin, papaya, and vitamins C and e. DNA damage was assessed by the acridine orange test and sperm structural characteristics were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. Results： After 90 days of treatment, an increase in the percentage of morphologically normal sperm （17.0 ± 5.2 vs. 29.8 ± 6.5） and total progressive motility （19.0± 7.8 vs. 34.8 ± 6.8） were detected. Structural sperm characteristics as well as chromatin integrity were also improved after treatment. In terms of leukocyte concentration in seminal fluid, a significant reduction was recorded （2.2 ± 0.9 vs. 0.9± 0.2）. Conclusion： The treatment of an inflammatory process by the synergic action of immune modulators and anti-oxidants could protect sperm during maturation and migration, leading to improved sperm function. （Asian JAndrol 2008 Mar;. 10： 201-206）

关键词： asthenoteratozoospermia leukocytospermia anti-oxidant beta-glucan papaya lactoferrin vitamin C vitamin e chromatinintegrity transmission electron microscopy

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Caring for Individuals with early-Onset Dementia and Their Family Caregivers: The Perspective of Health Care Professionals

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2014年第1期3卷 33-43页

作者： Francine Ducharme Marie-Jeanne Kergoat pascal Antoine Florence Pasquier Renée Coulombe Centre de Recherche Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montréal Canada Centre National de Référence pour les Patients Jeunes Atteints de la Maladie d’Alzheimer et Maladies Apparentées Lille France Faculty of Nursing Université de Montréal Montréal Canada Unité de Recherche en Sciences Cognitives et Affectives (UReCA) Maison Européenne des Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société (MESHS) Université Lille 3 Charles de Gaulle Lille France

The phenomenon of early-onset dementia remains an under-researched subject from the perspective of health care professionals. The aim of this qualitative study was to document the experiences and service needs of patients and their family caregivers for optimal clinical management of early-onset dementia from the perspective of health care professionals. A sample of 13 health care professionals from various disciplines, who worked with individuals who suffered from Alzheimer’s disease or related disorders and their family caregivers, took part in focus groups or semi-structured individual interviews, based on a life course perspective. Three recurrent themes emerged from the data collected from health care professionals and are related to: 1) identification with the difficult experiences of caregivers and powerlessness in view of the lack of services;2) gaps in the care and services offered, including the lack of clinical tools to ensure that patients under age 65 were diagnosed and received follow-up care, and 3) solutions for care and services that were tailored to the needs of the caregiver-patient dyads and health care professionals, the most important being that the residual abilities of younger patients be taken into account, that flexible forms of respite be offered to family caregivers and that training be provided to health care professionals. The results of this study provided some innovative guidelines for optimal clinical management of early-onset dementia in terms of the caregiver-patient dyad.

关键词： early-Onset Dementia Family Caregivers Perspective of Health Care Professionals Service Needs

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Positive effect of spring advance on the diet quality of an alpine herbivore

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 78-92页

作者： Johan eSPUNYeS emmanuel SeRRANO Sara CHAVeS Jordi BARTOLOMÉ Pierre MeNAUT elena ALBANeLL pascal MARCHAND Kévin FOULCHÉ Mathieu GAReL Wildlife ecology and Health group(We&H)i Servei d’ecopatologia de la Fauna Salvatge(SeFaS) Department of Animal Medicine and SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group(WildCoM) Department of Animal Medicine and SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Research and Conservation Department Zoo de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Group of Ruminant Research(G2R) Department of Animal and Food ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain French Agency for Biodiversity Direction Régionale OccitanieService d’Appui aux Acteurs et Mobilisation du TerritoireVilleneuve de RivièreFrance French Agency for Biodiversity Direction de la Recherche et Appui ScientifiqueUnitéOngulés SauvagesGièresFrance

Changes in vegetation phenology related to global warming are having alarming effects on the life history traits of many herbivore *** changes are particularly critical in alpine ecosystems,where strong climate limitations on plant growth make seasonal synchronization imperative for the growth,reproduction and survival of ***,despite the pivotal role of resource-use strategies on the performances of such species,few studies have explicitly assessed the mechanistic impact of climate change on their *** aimed to fill this gap by studying the effect of spring onset on the dietary composition and quality of a medium-size alpine herbivore while considering density-dependent processes and age-and sex-specific differences in foraging *** an exceptional,long-term(24 years)direct individual-based dietary monitoring of a Pyrenean chamois population(Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica),we showed that ongoing earlier onsets of spring are leading to an earlier access to high-quality forage and therefore a higher diet quality at a fixed date,without apparent changes in diet *** also showed that at high densities,intraspecific competition reduced diet quality by driving animals to feed more on woody plants and less on nutritious forbs and *** assessing the mechanistic effects of global warming on the dietary patterns of species at the center of trophic networks,this study is an essential step for predictive models aiming at understanding the ongoing ecosystem consequences of the global climatic crisis.

关键词： cuticle microhistological analysis diet composition near-infrared spectroscopy Rupicapra pyrenaica

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The sperm-interacting proteome in the bovine isthmus and ampulla during the periovulatory period

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 980-1000页

作者： Coline Mahe Regis Lavigne emmanuelle Com Charles Pineau Aleksandra Maria Zlotkowska Guillaume Tsikis pascal Mermillod Jennifer Schoen Marie Saint-Dizier CNRS IFCEINRAEUniversite de ToursPRC37380 NouzillyFrance Univ Rennes InsermEHESPIrset(Institut de Recherche en SanteEnvironnement Et Travail)-UMR-S 1085F‑35000 RennesFrance Univ Rennes CNRSInsermBiosit UAR 3480 US_S 018Protim Core Facility35000 RennesFrance Institute of Reproductive Biology Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal BiologyFBNDummerstorfGermany Present Address:Department of Reproduction Biology Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research(IZW)BerlinGermany

Background Spermatozoa interact with oviduct secretions before fertilization in vivo but the molecular players of this dialog and underlying dynamics remain largely *** objectives were to identify an exhaustive list of sperm-interacting proteins(SIPs)in the bovine oviduct fluid and to evaluate the impact of the oviduct anatomical region(isthmus ***)and time relative to ovulation(pre-ovulatory ***-ovulatory)on SIPs number and *** Pools of oviduct fluid(OF)from the pre-ovulatory ampulla,pre-ovulatory isthmus,post-ovulatory ampulla,and post-ovulatory isthmus in the side of ovulation were collected from the ***-thawed bull sperm were incubated with OF or phosphate-buffered saline(control)for 60 min at 38.5℃.After protein extraction and digestion,sperm and OF samples were analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS and label-free protein *** A quantitative comparison between proteins identified in sperm and OF samples(2333 and 2471 proteins,respectively)allowed for the identification of 245 *** highest number(187)were found in the pre-ovulatory isthmus,i.e.,time and place of the sperm *** total,41 SIPs(17%)were differentially abundant between stages in a given region or between regions at a given stage and 76 SIPs(31%)were identified in only one region×stage *** analysis of SIPs predicted roles in cell response to stress,regulation of cell motility,fertilization,and early embryo *** This study provides a comprehensive list of SIPs in the bovine oviduct and evidences dynamic spatiotemporal changes in sperm-oviduct interactions around ovulation ***,these data provide protein candidates to improve sperm conservation and in vitro fertilization media.

关键词： Ampulla Fallopian tube Interactome Isthmus Oviduct Ovulation Post-ovulatory Pre-ovulatory Proteomics Spermatozoa

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Dietary modification in the treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第8期10卷 187-201页

作者： Monique Aucoin laura LaChance Sam N Clouthier Kieran Cooley Department of Research and Clinical epidemiology Canadian College of Naturopathic MedicineToronto M2K 1E2Canada Department of Psychiatry McGill UniversityMontreal H3A 0G4Canada Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto M6R 1A1Canada Department of Doctoral Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Pacific College of Health ScienceSan DiegoCA 92108United States

BACKGROUND Schizophrenia spectrum disorders impact functioning,reduce quality of life and increase the risk of physical illness and premature *** intervention studies aimed at decreasing body weight have demonstrated efficacy in improving metabolic outcomes;however,few studies have explored the impact of interventions designed to modify diet on mental health *** To synthesize the existing experimental studies of adjunctive diet modification as an intervention in the treatment of psychotic disorders,analyze findings related to effectiveness and safety,highlight knowledge gaps and limitations,and set forward recommendations for future research *** An extensive a priori search strategy was developed and the databases embase,embase Classic,Ovid MeDLINe were *** and data extraction were completed in *** included in this analysis were experimental studies of an adjunctive dietary intervention(overall dietary pattern or education on dietary change)for treatment of schizophrenia spectrum *** restrictions were placed on control groups or *** studies were required to report a mental health *** Twenty-five clinical trials were identified,along with two additional protocols and two *** of the clinical trials reported improvement in one or more mental health domain including psychosis symptoms,cognition,and quality of life.A high level of heterogeneity was found with respect to patient population,intervention,and study *** of the studies included lifestyle or psychosocial components in addition to dietary *** nutrition advice provided to participants was poorly described overall and compliance was not *** studies that showed benefit tended to have a smaller sample size and were less likely to be randomized but were more likely to use a group delivery *** Further research assessing effectiveness and efficacy of clear

关键词： Nutrition Psychosis Schizophrenia Diet

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CpG island methylator phenotype in adenocarcinomas from the digestive tract:Methods,conclusions,and controversies

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第3期9卷 105-120页

作者： Francisco Sánchez-Vega Valer Gotea Yun-Ching Chen laura elnitski Genomic Functional Analysis Section National Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMD 20852United States

Over the last two decades, cancer-related alterations in DNA methylation that regulate transcription have been reported for a variety of tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its relevance for translational research, great emphasis has been placed on the analysis and molecular characterization of the CpG island methylator phenotype(CIMP), defined as widespread hypermethylation of CpG islands in clinically distinct subsets of cancer patients. Here, we present an overview of previous work in this field and also explore some open questions using crossplatform data for esophageal, gastric, and colorectal adenocarcinomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We provide a data-driven, pan-gastrointestinal stratification of individual samples based on CIMP status and we investigate correlations with oncogenic alterations, including somatic mutations and epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes. Besides known events in CIMP such as BRAF V600 e mutation, CDKN2 A silencing or MLH1 inactivation, we discuss the potential role of emerging actors such as Wnt pathway deregulation through truncating mutations in RNF43 and epigenetic silencing of WIF1. Our results highlight the existence of molecular similarities that are superimposed over a larger backbone of tissue-specific features and can be exploited to reduce heterogeneity of response in clinical trials.

关键词： CpG island methylator phenotype CpG island Promoter DNA methylation Hypermethylation Gastrointestinal cancer

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Spontaneous Luminescence Background in Living Nu/Nu Mice

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Advances in Molecular Imaging 2012年第2期2卷 5-11页

作者： Federico Boschi Antonello e Spinelli laura Calderan Andrea Sbarbati Department of Neurological Neuropsychological Morphological and Motor Sciences Section of Anatomy and Histology University of Verona Verona Italy Medical Physics Department S. Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy

Spontaneous light emission from living animals can overcome the investigated light signals in small animal luminescence imaging. Despite autofluorescence emission is well studied the spontaneous luminescence background is less known and its importance is growing due to the new born imaging techniques like Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging and Radionuclide Luminescence Imaging in which faint sources are often involved. In order to investigate the spontaneous emission we studied the background luminescence in vivo from health Nu/Nu mice in optical imaging acquisitions and we related it with the optical properties of the diet of the animals. In particular luminescence images of mice feed with normal diet used in animal facilities were acquired using a commercial optical imager. The intensity and the spectral features of the luminescence emission from the animal surface after sunshine exposition and after normal lighting laboratory conditions were measured. The same was done with the pellets of food used to feed the animals. We found a background emission from the entire animal surface and localized light sources in the abdominal/lumbar region. Their intensity can be modulated by the light exposition of the animals before the imaging session and decreases along the time when they are put in darkness. The comparison of the luminescence time decay of animals and pellets suggests that the light sources are related to the persistent luminescence of the molecules contained in the food. So ambient exposure before imaging is important for luminescence imaging in order to keep down the background. The optical properties of food are also important and it necessary to check them before to feed the animals not only in fluorescence imaging but also in luminescence imaging.

关键词： In Vivo Small Animal Imaging Optical Imaging Bioluminescence Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging Radionuclide Luminescence Imaging Diet

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efficient IL-2R signaling differentially affects the stability,function,and composition of the regulatory T-cell pool

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 398-414页

作者： Marc Permanyer Berislav Bošnjak Silke Glage Michaela Friedrichsen Stefan Floess Jochen Huehn Gwendolyn e.Patzer Ivan Odak Nadine eckert Razieh Zargari laura Ospina-Quintero Hristo Georgiev Reinhold Förster Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Institute for Laboratory Animal Science Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Department experimental Immunology Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany Cluster of excellence ReSIST(eXC 2155) Hannover Medical School30625HannoverGermany

Signaling via interleukin-2 receptor(IL-2R)is a requisite for regulatory T(Treg)cell identity and ***,it is not completely understood to what degree IL-2R signaling is required for Treg cell homeostasis,lineage stability and function in both resting and inflammatory ***,we characterized a spontaneous mutant mouse strain endowed with a hypomorphic Tyr129His variant of CD25,theα-chain of IL-2R,which resulted in diminished receptor expression and reduced IL-2R *** noninflammatory conditions,Cd25Y129H mice harbored substantially lower numbers of peripheral Treg cells with stable Foxp3 expression that prevented the development of spontaneous autoimmune *** contrast,Cd25^(Y^(129H))Treg cells failed to efficiently induce immune suppression and lost lineage commitment in a T-cell transfer colitis model,indicating that unimpaired IL-2R signaling is critical for Treg cell function in inflammatory ***,single-cell RNA sequencing of Treg cells revealed that impaired IL-2R signaling profoundly affected the balance of central and effector Treg cell ***,partial loss of IL-2R signaling differentially interferes with the maintenance,heterogeneity,and suppressive function of the Treg cell pool.

关键词： Regulatory T cells IL-2R signaling scRNA sequencing Treg heterogeneity

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