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A Review of Machine Learning techniques in Cyberbullying Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5625-5640页

作者： Daniyar Sultan Batyrkhan Omarov Zhazira Kozhamkulova Gulnur Kazbekova laura Alimzhanova Aigul Dautbayeva Yernar Zholdassov Rustam Abdrakhmanov Al-Farabi Kazakh National University AlmatyKazakhstan International Information technology University AlmatyKazakhstan International University of tourism and Hospitality TurkistanKazakhstan Almaty University of Power Engineering and telecommunications AlmatyKazakhstan Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-turkish University TurkistanKazakhstan Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda State University KyzylordaKazakhstan

Automatic identification of cyberbullying is a problem that is gaining traction,especially in the Machine Learning *** only is it complicated,but it has also become a pressing necessity,considering how social media has become an integral part of adolescents’lives and how serious the impacts of cyberbullying and online harassment can be,particularly among *** paper contains a systematic literature review of modern strategies,machine learning methods,and technical means for detecting cyberbullying and the aggressive command of an individual in the information space of the *** undertake an in-depth review of 13 papers from four scientific *** article provides an overview of scientific literature to analyze the problem of cyberbullying detection from the point of view of machine learning and natural language *** this review,we consider a cyberbullying detection framework on social media platforms,which includes data collection,data processing,feature selection,feature extraction,and the application ofmachine learning to classify whether texts contain cyberbullying or *** article seeks to guide future research on this topic toward a more consistent perspective with the phenomenon’s description and depiction,allowing future solutions to be more practical and effective.

关键词： Cyberbullying hate speech digital drama online harassment detection classification machine learning NLP

Dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound in gastrointestinal diseases:A current trend or an indispensable tool?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第25期29卷 4021-4035页

作者： Mattia Paratore Matteo Garcovich Maria Elena Ainora laura Riccardi Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterFondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreFondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy

Contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)has been widely implemented in clinical practice because of the enormous quantity of information it provides,along with its low cost,reproducibility,minimal invasiveness,and safety of the secondgeneration ultrasound contrast *** overcome the limitation of CEUS given by the subjective evaluation of the contrast enhancement behaviour,quantitative analysis of contrast kinetics with generation of time-intensity curves has been introduced in recent *** quantification of perfusion parameters[named as dynamic-CEUS(D-CEUS)]has several applications in gastrointestinal neoplastic and inflammatory ***,the limited availability of large studies and the heterogeneity of the technologies employed have precluded the standardisation of D-CEUS,which potentially represents a valuable tool for clinical practice in management of gastrointestinal *** this article,we reviewed the evidence exploring the application of D-CEUS in gastrointestinal diseases,with a special focus on liver,pancreas,and inflammatory bowel diseases.

关键词： Quantitative perfusion analysis Gastrointestinal diseases time-intensity curve Multiparametric ultrasound

Development of a Ready-to-Use PSMA-11 Kit Formulation and Biological Evaluation of Binding Affinity

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Advances in Molecular Imaging 2024年第2期13卷 7-22页

作者： Maria Renata Valente Brandão Freire Natália Marchesan Bexiga Marco Antonio Stephano João Ezequiel Oliveira Carlos Roberto Jorge Soares Ana Cláudia Camargo Miranda Anna Carolina de Alcântara Barbosa Marycel Figols de Barboza laura Fernanda Garcia Luiz Felipe S. teixeira Maria Helena Marumo Bellini Natanael Gomes da Silva Luiza Mascarenhas Balieiro Joel Mendes Elaine Bortoleti de Araújo Centro de Radiofarmcia Instituto de Pesquisas Energticas e Nucleares (IPEN) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil Departamento de tecnologia Farmacutica Faculdade de Cincias Farmacuticas (USP) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil Centro de Biotecnologia Instituto de Pesquisas Energticas e Nucleares (IPEN) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil Departamento de Medicina Nuclear do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein So Paulo/SP Brasil

Introduction: 68Ga-PSMA-11 is considered the gold standard in detection of micro and oligometastases in advanced prostate cancer, being used for therapeutic planning, as well as, potentially, for evaluating response to treatment. the development of ready-to-use lyophilized kit of PSMA-11 adds quality and safety to the routine use of this radiopharmaceutical and represents a pharmacotechnical challenge as it must preserve the integrity and specificity of the ligand. Methods: PSMA-11 kit formulation was proposed, considering radiolabeling parameters and the preservation of the peptide during the lyophilization process, using mannitol as an excipient. Critical temperature characterization studies were carried out using DSC equipment and the freeze-drying process was developed. the direct radiolabeling conditions were evaluated and standardized using 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate from two different manufacturers (ItG and Eckert & Ziegler). the radiochemical purity was evaluated by tLC and HPLC. Biological evaluation was carried out with lyophilized PSMA-11 to demonstrate the integrity of the peptide and preservation of biological activity after the lyophilization process. Results: Based on critical temperature characterization studies, the freeze-drying cycle was designed to reach a freezing temperature of around −40˚C and primary drying at 2˚C. Using 20 mg of mannitol, an intact and elegant lyophilized cake was obtained. PSMA-11 lyophilized kit was directly labeled with 68Ga eluate from 68Ge/68Ga GMP generators (ItG and Eckert & Ziegler) resulting in % RP > 95% at pH 4.0 to 4.5. the results obtained from in vitro and in vivo biological competition studies confirmed the preservation of PSMA-11 affinity for the receptor after lyophilization. Conclusion: A lyophilized formulation (Kit) of PSMA-11 was successfully obtained, which preserved the integrity and biological activity of the peptide and guaranteed radiolabeling efficiency.

关键词： 68Ga-PSMA-11 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Ready-to-Use Kit GMP-Grade Generators Metastatic Prostate Cancer PEt Imaging

Functional group richness increases multifunctionality in intensively managed grasslands

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Grassland Research 2023年第3期2卷 225-240页

作者： laura Argens Caroline Brophy Wolfgang W.Weisser Sebastian Meyer terrestrial Ecology Research Group Department for Life Science SystemsSchool of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany School of Computer Science and Statistics Trinity College DublinDublinIreland

Background:Agricultural yields have increased continuously over the last few ***,a focus solely on production can harm the *** of agriculture has been suggested to increase production and *** experiments showed positive effects on ecosystems and ***,application of these results to intensively managed grasslands has been questioned due to differences in plant species and management *** on whether diversity can benefit multifunctionality,that is,an integrated index of multiple ecosystem functions,under intensive management,is still ***:to address this,we manipulated plant species richness from one to six species spanning three functional groups(legumes,herbs,and grasses)in intensively managed multispecies grassland leys and examined seven ecosystem ***:We found that multifunctionality increased with functional group and species ***+herb mixtures showed high multifunctionality,while grass monocultures and mixtures with high proportions of grasses had low *** plant species and plant communities drove different ecosystem *** and herbs improved productivity and water availability,while grasses enhanced invasion *** results indicate that multifunctionality and individual ecosystem functions can be promoted through targeted combinations of plants with complementary ecological ***:Plant diversity can improve multifunctionality also under intensive management,potentially benefitting agroeconomics and sustainability.

关键词： biodiversity ecosystem functions intensively managed grassland Legacy Network(LegacyNet) multifunctionality

Druggable monogenic immune defects hidden in diverse medical specialties:Focus on overlap syndromes

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第2期11卷 136-150页

作者： Valentina Boz Chiara Zanchi laura Levantino Guglielmo Riccio Alberto tommasini Department of Medical Surgical and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTrieste 34137Italy Department of Pediatrics Institute for Maternal and Child HealthIRCCS Burlo GarofoloTrieste 34137Italy

In the last two decades two new paradigms changed our way of perceiving primary immunodeficiencies:An increasing number of immune defects are more associated with inflammatory or autoimmune features rather than with *** primary immune defects are due to hyperactive pathways that can be targeted by specific inhibitors,providing innovative precision treatments that can change the natural history of *** this article we review some of these“druggable”inborn errors of immunity and describe how they can be suspected and diagnosed in diverse pediatric and adult medicine *** the availability of precision treatments can dramatically impact the course of these diseases,preventing the development of organ damage,it is crucial to widen the awareness of these conditions and to provide practical hints for a prompt detection and cure.

关键词： Inborn errors of immunity Primary immunodeficiency diseases Precision treatments Immunodysregulation Autoimmunity Overlap syndromes

targeting MYC-driven lymphoma:lessons learned and future directions

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第2期6卷 205-222页

作者： Sandra Martínez-Martín Marie-Eve Beaulieu laura Soucek 无 Peptomyc S.L. Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Preclinical&translational Research Program Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology(VHIO)Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats(ICREA) Barcelona 08010Spain

MYC plays a central role in tumorigenesis by orchestrating cell proliferation,growth and survival,among other transformation *** particular,MYC has often been associated with *** fact,MYC overexpressing lymphomas such as high-grade B-cell lymphoma(HGBL)and double expressor diffuse large B-cell lymphomas(DLBCL),are considered addicted to *** such a context,MYC targeting therapies are of special interest,as MYC withdrawal is expected to result in tumor ***,whether high MYC levels are always predictive of increased sensitivity to these approaches is not clear *** though no MYC inhibitor has received regulatory approval to date,substantial efforts have been made to investigate avenues to render MYC a druggable ***,we summarize the different classes of molecules currently under development,which mostly target MYC indirectly in aggressive B-cell lymphomas,paying special attention to subtypes with MYC/BCL2 or BCL6 translocations or overexpression.

关键词： High-grade B-cell lymphoma double expressor lymphoma MYC MYC therapies

Parental perception of child's weight,their attitudes towards child's dietary habits and the risk of obesity

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第7期18卷 482-489页

作者： Lorena Garcia-Blancol Arantxa Berasaluce Andrea Romanos-Nanclares Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez laura Moreno-Galaraga Nerea Martin-Calvo San Juan Primary Care Health Center.Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea PamplonaSpain IdisNA.Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navrra.Pamplona Spain Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health School of Medicine.University of NavarraC/Irunlarrea l.31080 Pamplona.Spain Biomedical Research Centre Network On Obesity and Nutrition(CIBERobn).Physiopathology of Obesity and NutritionInstituteof Health Carlos Ⅲ.Av.Monforte de Lemos.3-528029 MadridSpain Department of Nutrition.Harvard t.H.Chan School of Public Health Boston.MA 02115.USA Department of Pediatrices.Complejo Hospialario de Navarra B.Pamplona.Spain

Background the association between parental perception of child's weight and their attitudes towards his/her dietary habits has not been reported *** study aimed to assess the association between parental underestimation of child's weight and parental attitudes towards child's dietary *** We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of SENDO cohort participants recruited between January 2015 and June *** information was collected through online questionnaires completed by *** calculated crude and multivariable-adjusted odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)for unhealthy attitudes towards child's dietary habits associated with parental underestimation of child's *** Sixteen percent of children in the SENDO project had parents who underestimated their *** who under-estimated their child's weight status were more likely to have unhealthy attitudes toward his/her dietary habits[OR 3.35;95%CI(1.71-6.53)].Conclusions Parental underestimation of child's weight was associated with unhealthy attitudes towards child's dietary *** and public health practitioners should pay attention to the parental perception of child's weight to identify parents who underestimate it as an at-risk group in which to inquire about lifestyle and dietary habits.

关键词： Childhood obesity Dietary atitudes Eating habits Overweight Weight perception

Some Univalence Conditions for a General Integral Operator

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2012年第6期33卷 801-806页

作者： laura StANCIU Daniel BREAZ Department of Mathematics University of Pitesti Department of Mathematics University of Alba Iulia

the authors consider the classes of the univalent functions denoted by SH(β),SP and SP(α,β).On these classes,the univalence conditions for a general integral operator are studied.

关键词：积分算子函数类 SP 单叶

Horizontal and vertical fluxes of particulate matter during wind erosion on arable land in the province La Pampa, Argentina

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第5期37卷 539-552页

作者： Nicole Siegmund Roger Funk Michael Sommer Fernando Avecilla Juan Esteban Panebianco laura Antonela Iturri Daniel Eduardo Buschiazzo Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) Working Group Landscape Pedology Institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences of La Pampa (INCItAP) 4. National University of La Pampa Faculty of Agronomy (UNLPam)

A detailed analysis of horizontal and vertical particulate matter(PM) fluxes during wind erosion has been done, based on measurements of PM smaller than 10, 2.5, and 1.0 μm, at windward and leeward positions on a measuring field. the three fractions of PM measurement are differently influenced by the increasing wind and shear velocities of the wind. the measured concentrations of the coarser fractions of the fine dust, PM10, and PM2.5, increase with wind and shear velocity, whereas the PM1.0concentrations show no clear correlation to the shear velocity. the share of PM2.5on PM10depends on the measurement height and wind speed and varies between 4 and 12 m/s at the 1 m height ranging from 25% to 7%(average 10%),and at the 4 m height from 39% to 23%(average 30%). Although general relationships between wind speed, PM concentration, and horizontal and vertical fluxes could be found, the contribution of the measuring field was very low, as balances of incoming and outgoing fluxes show. Consequently, the measured PM concentrations are determined from a variety of sources, such as traffic on unpaved roads,cattle drives, tillage operations, and wind erosion, and thus, represent all components of land use and landscape structure in the near and far surroundings of the measuring field. the current results may reflect factors from the landscape scale rather than the influence of field-related variables. the measuring devices used to monitor PM concentrations showed differences of up to 20%, which led to considerable deviations when determining total balances. Differences up to 67% between the calculated fluxes prove the necessity of a previous calibration of the devices used.

关键词： PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1.0 concentrations Field measurements Horizontal flux Vertical flux PM balances