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Winery by‑products as a feed source with functional properties:dose–response effect of grape pomace,grape seed meal,and grape seed extract on rumen microbial community and their fermentation activity in RUSItEC

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2439-2453页

作者： Ratchaneewan Khiaosa‑ard Mubarik Mahmood Elsayed Mickdam Catia Pacifico Julia Meixner laura‑Sophie traintinger Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public HealthUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVeterinaerplatz 11210 ViennaAustria. Animal Nutrition Section Department of Animal SciencesSub Campus JhangUniversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences12 Km Chiniot RoadJhang 35200LahorePakistan. Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition Department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt. Present address:Biome Diagnostics GmbH ViennaAustria.

Background Grape and winery by-products have nutritional values for cattle and also contain functional compounds like phenols,which not only bind to protein but can also directly affect microbiota and their function in the *** characterized the nutritional and functional effects of grape seed meal and grape pomace as well as an effective dosage of grape phenols on ruminal microbiota and fermentation characteristics using a rumen simulation *** Six diets(each n=8)were compared including a control diet(CON,no by-product),a positive control diet(EXt,CON+3.7%grape seed extract on a dry matter(DM)basis),two diets with grape seed meal at 5%(GS-low)and 10%(GS-high),and two diets with grape pomace:at 10%(GP-low)and 20%(GP-high),on a DM *** inclusion of the by-product supplied total phenols at 3.4%,0.7%,1.4%,1.3%,and 2.7%of diet DM for EXt,GS-low,GS-high,GP-low,and GP-high,*** were tested in four experimental *** treatments decreased ammonia concentrations and the disappearances of DM and OM(Pto *** and GP-high lowered butyrate and odd-and branch-chain short-chain fatty acids while increased acetate compared to CON(Ptreatments did not affect methane *** decreased the abundance of many bacterial genera including those belonging to the core ***-high and EXt consistently decreased Olsenella and Anaerotipes while increased Ruminobacter *** the data suggest that the inclusion of winery by-products or grape seed extract could be an option for reducing excessive ammonia *** to grape phenols at a high dosage in an extract form can alter the rumen microbial ***,however,does not necessarily alter the effect of grape phenols on the microbial community function compared to feeding high levels of winery *** suggests the dominant role of dosage over the form or source of the grape phenols in affecting ruminal microbial *** conclusion,

关键词： Functional feed Grape pomace Grape seed Protein degradation Rumen microbiota

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Design and guidance of a multi-active debris removal mission

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Astrodynamics 2023年第4期7卷 383-399页

作者： Minduli C.Wijayatunga(B) Roberto Armellin Harry Holt laura Pirovano Aleksander A.Lidtke te Pūnaha Atea–Space Institute The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Astroscale Japan Inc. 1-16-4-16 KinshiSumida-kuTokyoJapan

Space debris have become exceedingly dangerous over the years as the number of objects in orbit continues to *** debris removal(ADR)missions have gained significant interest as effective means of mitigating the risk of collision between objects in *** study focuses on developing a multi-ADR mission that utilizes controlled reentry and *** mission comprises two spacecraft:a Servicer that brings debris to a low altitude and a Shepherd that rendezvous with the debris to later perform a controlled reentry.A preliminary mission design tool(PMDt)was developed to obtain time and fuel optimal trajectories for the proposed mission while considering the effect of J2,drag,eclipses,and duty *** PMDt can perform such trajectory optimizations for multi-debris missions with computational time under a *** guidance schemes are also studied,taking the PMDt solution as a reference to validate the design methodology and provide guidance solutions to this complex mission profile.

关键词： active debris removal(ADR) trajectory design optimization autonomous guidance low-thrust electric propulsion △u-law guidance Q-law guidance

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Microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis:Linked mechanisms and racial differences

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第2期14卷 375-395页

作者： Sofia C tortora Vimal M Bodiwala Andrew Quinn laura A Martello Shivakumar Vignesh Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology SUNY Downstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNY 11203United States

Various studies have shown the interplay between the intestinal microbiome,environmental factors,and genetic changes in colorectal cancer(CRC)*** this review,we highlight the various gut and oral microbiota associated with CRC and colorectal adenomas,and their proposed molecular mechanisms in relation to the processes of“the hallmarks of cancer”,and differences in microbial diversity and abundance between race/*** with CRC showed increased levels of Bacteroides,Prevotella,Escherichia coli,enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis,Streptococcus gallolyticus,Enterococcus faecalis,Fusobacterium nucleatum(***)and Clostridium *** levels of Bacteroides have been found in African American(AA)compared to Caucasian American(CA)***-inflammatory bacteria such as *** and Enterobacter species were significantly higher in ***,AA patients have been shown to have decreased microbial diversity compared to CA *** studies have shown that using microbiome profiles in conjunction with certain risk factors such as age,race and body mass index may help predict healthy colon vs one with adenomas or *** is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans and is more prevalent in Non-Hispanic-Blacks as compared to Non-Hispanic *** condition causes increased systemic inflammation,immune dysregulation,gut microbiota dysbiosis and thereby possibly influencing colorectal ***-associated bacteria such as Fusobacterium,Prevotella,Bacteroides and Porphyromonas have been found in CRC tissues and in feces of CRC ***,a deeper understanding of the association between oral and gastrointestinal bacterial profile,in addition to identifying prevalent bacteria in patients with CRC and the differences observed in ethnicity/race,may play a pivotal role in predicting incidence,prognosis,and lead to the development of new treatments.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Oral microbiome Gut microbiome Hallmarks of cancer Racial/ethnic microbial diversity

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High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and COVID-19-related respiratory failure

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2023年第1期3卷 20-26页

作者： Jean-Pierre Frat laura Marchasson François Arrivé Rémi Coudroy Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers Médecine Intensive RéanimationPoitiers 86021France Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1402 ALIVE INSERMUniversitéde PoitiersPoitiers 86021France

Although standard oxygen face masks are first-line therapy for patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure,high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy has gained major popularity in intensive care *** physiological effects of high-flow oxygen counterbalance the physiological consequences of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure by lessening the deleterious effects of intense and prolonged inspiratory efforts generated by *** simplicity of application for physicians and nurses and its comfort for patients are other arguments for its use in this *** clinical studies have reported a decreased risk of intubation with high-flow oxygen compared with standard oxygen,its survival benefit is uncertain.A more precise definition of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure,including a classification of severity based on oxygenation levels,is needed to better compare the efficiencies of different non-invasive oxygenation support methods(standard oxygen,high-flow oxygen,and non-invasive ventilation).Additionally,the respective role of each non-invasive oxygenation support method needs to be established through further clinical trials in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure,especially in severe forms.

关键词： High-flow nasal oxygen Acute respiratory failure COVID-19 Oxygen support

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Biomolecular Surfaces for the Capture and Reprogramming of Circulating tumor Cells

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第4期6卷 311-317页

作者： Michael R.King laura t.Western Kuldeepsinh Rana Jane L.Liesveld Department of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Department of Medicine University of RochesterRochesterNY 14642USA

Circulating tumor Cells(CtC)have the potential to be used clinically as a diagnostic tool and a treatment tool in the field of *** a diagnostic tool,CtC may be used to indicate the presence of a tumor before it is large enough to cause noticeable *** a treatment tool,CtC isolated from patients may be used to test the efficacy of chemotherapy options to personalize patient *** way for tumors to spread is through metastasis via the circulatory *** are able to exploit the natural leukocyte recruitment process that is initially mediated by rolling on transient selectin *** capture devices take advantage of this naturally occurring recruitment step to isolate CtC from whole blood by flowing samples through selectin and antibody-coated *** blood was spiked with a known concentration of labeled cancer cells and then perfused through pre-coated *** were then rinsed to remove unbound cells and the number of labeled cells captured on the lumen was *** were successfully captured from whole blood at a clinically relevant level on the order of 10 cells per *** tubes with selectin and antibody coated surface exhibited higher capture rate than tubes coated with selectin alone or antibody ***,CtC capture was demonstrated with the KG 1 a hematopoietic cell line and the DU 145 epithelial cell ***,the in vivo process of selectin-mediated CtC recruitment to distant vessel walls can be used in vitro to target CtC to a tube *** biomolecular coatings can also be used to capture CtC of hematopoietic and epithelial tumor origin and is demonstrated to sensitivities down to the order of 10 CtC per mL. In a related study aimed at reducing the blood borne metastatic cancer load,we have shown that cells captured to a surface can be neutralized by a receptor-mediated biochemical *** the proposed method we have shown that using a combined selectin and tRAIL(tNF Related Apoptos

关键词： cell capture apoptosis cancer cell rolling

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turning carbon dots into selenium bearing nanoplatforms with in vitro GPx-like activity and pro-oxidant activity

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 7784-7791页

作者： laura Perez-Garrido Mariano Ortega-Muñoz Fernando Hernandez-Mateo F.Javier Lopez-Jaramillo Francisco Santoyo-Gonzalez Department of Organic Chemistry Biotechnology InstituteSchool of SciencesCampus Fuentenueva snUniversity of Granada18071-GranadaSpain

Selenium(Se)has been defined as the“Janus element”,with one face showing antioxidant activity and the other pro-oxidant *** biological effect of Se depends on both dose and *** nanoparticles are attracting major interest,although their large-scale preparation for biomedical applications is not *** hypothesize that acid anhydride-coated carbon dots(AACD)are an attractive platform for preparing nanoparticles containing chemically defined *** reaction of AA-CD with 3-selenocyanatopropan-1-amine yields carbon dots bearing selenocyanate and carboxylate groups(CD-SeCN)that allow for tuning the ***-SeCN has a Se content of 0.36μmol per mg of nanoparticles,they show the typical photoluminescence of carbon *** selenocyanate groups(SeCN)exhibited glutathione peroxidase-like activity and *** show that antioxidant behavior differs between normal and tumor cells,the evaluation on HEK293 and A549 cells reveals that the toxicity of CD-SeCN depends on dose,time,intracellular glutathione(GSH)*** toxicity of CD-SeCN decreases with the time of incubation and the cell death mechanism switches from necrosis to apoptosis,indicating that CD-SeCN is ***,high levels of intracellular GSH exert a protective *** results support a pharmacological potential in cancers with low levels of intracellular *** use of AA-CD as nanoplatforms is a general strategy that paves the way for the engineering of advanced nanosystems.

关键词： selenium nanoparticles carbon dots glutathione peroxidase-like activity Janus element nanomedicine

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MicroRNA-135a Modulates Hepatitis C Virus Genome Replication through Downregulation of Host Antiviral Factors

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第2期34卷 197-210页

作者： Catherine Sodroski Brianna Lowey laura Hertz t.Jake Liang Qisheng Li Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health

Cellular microRNAs(miRNAs) have been shown to modulate HCV infection via directly acting on the viral genome or indirectly through targeting the virus-associated host factors. Recently we generated a comprehensive map of HCV–miRNA interactions through genome-wide miRNA functional screens and transcriptomics analyses. Many previously unappreciated cellular miRNAs were identified to be involved in HCV infection, including miR-135a, a human cancerrelated miRNA. In the present study, we investigated the role of miR-135a in regulating HCV life cycle and showed that it preferentially enhances viral genome replication. Bioinformatics-based integrative analyses and subsequent functional assays revealed three antiviral host factors, including receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2(RIPK2), myeloid differentiation primary response 88(MYD88), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12), as bona fide targets of miR-135a. these genes have been shown to inhibit HCV infection at the RNA replication stage. Our data demonstrated that repression of key host restriction factors mediated the proviral effect of miR-135a on HCV propagation. In addition,miR-135a hepatic abundance is upregulated by HCV infection in both cultured hepatocytes and human liver, likely mediating a more favorable environment for viral replication and possibly contributing to HCV-induced liver *** results provide novel insights into HCV–host interactions and unveil molecular pathways linking miRNA biology to HCV pathogenesis.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus (HCV) Genome replication Virus-host interactions miR-135a Antiviral factors

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Follicular lymphoma:the diminishing role of chemotherapy

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and treatment 2022年第1期8卷 393-411页

作者： Beatrice Casadei laura Nanni Ginevra Lolli Pier Luigi Zinzani IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Istituto di Ematologia“Seràgnoli”Bologna 40138Italy Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e SperimentaleUniversitàdi BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Follicular lymphoma(FL)is the most common indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma,accounting for 70%of cases in Western *** this unique name,FL is an extremely heterogeneous disease,both clinically and *** basis of FL heterogeneity lies in the different biological pathways which can be activated,because of the variety of gene mutations that can ***,there is a growing interest in the knowledge of these activated pathways,which is also testified by the presence of a new model that incorporates FL mutations to define patient’s prognosis(m7-FLIPI).these evaluations are also appealing because of the recent possibility of using“targeted therapies”.targeted therapies are new tools,currently applicable in the setting of relapse/refractory(R/R)disease,where we can find a great variety of“chemo-free”*** in other hematologic malignancies,“cellular therapy”enriches FL drug scenario,including t-cell dependent bispecific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)*** FL heterogeneity is the basis of the difference in therapeutic efficacy and disease course among patients,the hope for the future is to understand FL biology more deeply,to better comprehend how to obtain more representative samples and pre-treatment prognostic information in order to individualize the treatment strategy as early as frontline therapy.

关键词： Follicular lymphoma POD24 target therapies chemo-immunotherapy biological heterogeneity

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Design and Analysis of Energy Absorbent Bioinspired Lattice Structures

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第4期20卷 1670-1686页

作者： Lucrezia Greco Federica Buccino Zhuo Xu laura Vergani Filippo Berto Mario Guagliano Seyyed Moahmmad Javad Razavi Sara Bagherifard Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di MilanoMilanItaly Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Chemical Engineering and Materials Environment Department Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

the increasing demand for energy absorbent structures,paired with the need for more efficient use of materials in a wide range of engineering fields,has led to an extensive range of designs in the porous forms of sandwiches,honeycomb,and *** achieve an even better performance,an ingenious solution is to learn how biological structures adjust their configurations to absorb energy without catastrophic *** this study,we have attempted to blend the shape freedom,offered by additive manufacturing techniques,with the biomimetic approach,to propose new lattice structures for energy absorbent *** this aim we have combined multiple bio-inspirational sources for the design of optimized configurations under compressive *** lattice structures are fabricated based on the designed unit cell geometries and studied using experimental and computational *** individual effect of each bio-inspired feature has been evaluated on the energy absorbance performance of the designed *** on the design parameters of the lattices,a tuning between the strength and energy absorption could be obtained,paving the way for transition within a wide range of real-life applicative scenarios.

关键词： Energy absorbance Lattice structures Bio-inspiration Fused deposition modeling Lightweight design

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Local high-density distributions of phospholipids induced by the nucleation and growth of smectic liquid crystals at the interface

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第8期33卷 3973-3976页

作者： Chenjing Yang Li Chen Rui Zhang Dong Chen laura R.Arriaga David A.Weitz College of Energy Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart BioMaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of theoretical Condensed Matter Physics Condensed Matter Physics Center and Instituto Nicolás CabreraUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28049Spain John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138United States Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science&TechnologyHong KongChina

Amphiphilic molecules adsorbed at the interface could control the orientation of liquid crystals(LCs)while LCs in turn could influence the distributions of amphiphilic *** studies on the interactions between liquid crystals and amphiphilic molecules at the interface are important for the development of molecular *** this paper,we demonstrate that the development of smectic LC ordering from isotropic at the LC/water interface could induce local high-density distributions of amphiphilic *** of liquid crystals and phospholipids in chloroform are first emulsified in *** fluorescently labeling the phospholipids adsorbed at the interface,their distributions are visualized under fluorescent confocal ***,local high-density distributions of phospholipids showing a high fluorescent intensity are observed on the surface of LC *** on the correlation between phospholipid density,surface tension and smectic LC ordering suggest that when domains of smectic LC layers nucleate and grow from isotropic at the LC/water interface as chloroform slowly evaporates at room temperature,phospholipids transition from liquid-expanded to liquid-condensed phases in response to the smectic ordering,which induces a higher surface tension at the *** results will provide an important insight into the interactions between liquid crystals and amphiphilic molecules at the interface.

关键词： Liquid crystals Phospholipids Droplet Interface Smectic

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