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Axonal degeneration in the anterior insular cortex is associated with Alzheimer’s co-pathology in Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 129-147页

作者： Yasmine Y.Fathy laura e.jonkman John J.Bol evelien Timmermans Allert J.Jonker Annemieke J.M.Rozemuller Wilma D.J.van de Berg Amsterdam UMC Department of Anatomy and NeurosciencesSection Clinical Neuroanatomy and BiobankingAmsterdam NeuroscienceVrije University AmsterdamO|2 Life Sciences buildingDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZ Amster-damNetherlands Amsterdam Neuroscience Program NeurodegenerationAmsterdamthe Netherlands Amsterdam UMC Department of Pathol-ogyAmsterdam NeuroscienceVrije University AmsterdamDe BoelelaanAmsterdamNetherlands Department of Neurology Erasmus Medical CenterPostbus 20403000 CA RotterdamNetherlands.

Background:Axons,crucial for impulse transmission and cellular trafficking,are thought to be primary targets of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease(PD)and dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB).Axonal degeneration occurs early,preceeding and exceeding neuronal loss,and contributes to the spread of pathology,yet is poorly described outside the nigrostriatal *** insula,a cortical brain hub,was recently discovered to be highly vulnerable to pathology and plays a role in cognitive deficits in PD and *** aim of this study was to evaluate morphological features as well as burden of proteinopathy and axonal degeneration in the anterior insular sub-regions in PD,PD with dementia(PDD),and ***:α-Synuclein,phosphorylated(p-)tau,and amyloid-βpathology load were evaluated in the anterior insular(agranular and dysgranular)subregions of post-mortem human brains(n=27).Axonal loss was evaluated using modified Bielschowsky silver staining and quantified using *** damage was comprehensively studied using immunofluorescent multi-labelling and 3D confocal laser-scanning ***:Compared to PD and PDD,DLB showed significantly higherα-synuclein and p-tau pathology load,argyrophilic grains,and more severe axonal loss,particularly in the anterior agranular ***,the dysgranular insula showed a significantly higher load of amyloid-βpathology and its axonal density correlated with cognitive performance.p-Tau contributed most to axonal loss in the DLB group,was highest in the anterior agranular insula and significantly correlated with CDR global scores for *** and myelin showed degenerative changes including swellings,demyelination,and detachment of the axon-myelin ***:Our results highlight the selective vulnerability of the anterior insular sub-regions to various converging pathologies,leading to impaired axonal integrity in PD,PDD and DLB,disrupting their functional properties and potentially con

关键词： α-Synuclein Insular subregions Axonal length density Alzheimer’s disease pathology Neurofilament Myelin

Neurofilament light chain is increased in the parahippocampal cortex and associates with pathological hallmarks in Parkinson’s disease dementia

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 872-888页

作者： Irene Frigerio Max A.Laansma Chen-Pei Lin emma J.M.Hermans Maud M.A.Bouwman John G.J.M.Bol Yvon Galis-de Graaf Dagmar H.Hepp Annemieke J.M.Rozemuller Frederik Barkhof Wilma D.J.van de Berg laura e.jonkman Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking Department of Anatomy and NeurosciencesAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1118AmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Neuroscience NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Neurosci-ence Brain ImagingAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Neurology Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1117AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1117AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1117AmsterdamThe Netherlands Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare engineering University College LondonLondonUK.

Background Increased neurofilament levels in biofluids are commonly used as a proxy for neurodegeneration in several neurodegenerative *** this study,we aimed to investigate the distribution of neurofilaments in the cerebral cortex of Parkinson’s disease(PD),PD with dementia(PDD)and dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB)donors,and its association with pathology load and MRI measures of atrophy and *** Using a within-subject post-mortem MRI-pathology approach,we included 9 PD,12 PDD/DLB and 18 age-matched control *** thickness and mean diffusivity(MD)metrics were extracted respectively from 3DT1 and DTI at 3T in-situ *** autopsy,pathological hallmarks(pSer129-αSyn,p-tau and amyloid-βload)together with neurofilament light-chain(NfL)and phosphorylated-neurofilament medium-and heavy-chain(p-NfM/H)immunoreactivity were quantified in seven cortical regions,and studied in detail with confocal-laser scanning *** correlations between MRI and pathological measures were studied using linear mixed *** Compared to controls,p-NfM/H immunoreactivity was increased in all cortical regions in PD and PDD/DLB,whereas NfL immunoreactivity was increased in the parahippocampal and entorhinal cortex in PDD/***-positive neurons showed degenerative morphological features and axonal *** increased p-NfM/H correlated with p-tau load,and NfL correlated with pSer129-αSyn but more strongly with p-tau load in PDD/***,neuro-filament immunoreactivity correlated with cortical thinning in PD and with increased cortical MD in PDD/*** Taken together,increased neurofilament immunoreactivity suggests underlying axonal injury and neurofilament accumulation in morphologically altered neurons with increased pathological ***,we demonstrate that such neurofilament markers at least partly explain MRI measures that are associated with the neurodegenerative process.

关键词： Neurofilament NfL Axonal degeneration Parkinson’s disease Parkinson’s disease dementia Dementia with Lewy bodies Cortical thickness Cortical atrophy Mean diffusivity

Probing the endoplasmic reticulummitochondria interaction in Alzheimer's disease:searching far and wide

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2103-2104页

作者： Giulia Dematteis laura Tapella Dmitry Lim Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universitàdel Piemonte Orientale“Amedeo Avogadro”NovaraItaly

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most frequent,form of dementia in elderly people and is an incurable disease with an exponentially growing number of *** deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and intraneuronal formation o... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ reticulum

environmental drivers of long-term variations in the abundance of the red hocicudo mouse (Oxymycterus rufus) in Pampas agroecosystems

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 37-51页

作者： laura Mariel CALFAYAN Regino CAVIA Jimena FRASCHINA Juan Santiago GUIDOBONO Irene laura GOROSITO María BUSCH Laboratorio de ecología de Poblaciones Departamento de EcologíaGenética y EvoluciónFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)Buenos AiresArgentina

During the 20th century,there has been an ongoing agricultural expansion and global warming,two of the main determinants influencing biodiversity changes in *** red hocicudo mouse(Oxymycterus rufus)inhabits subtropical grasslands and riparian habitats and has increased its abundance in recent years in central Argentina *** paper describes the long-term temporal changes in *** abundance in exaltación de la Cruz department,Buenos Aires province,Argentina,in relation to weatherfluctuations and landscape features,as well as analyzes the spatio-temporal structure of captures of *** used generalized liner models,semi-variograms,the Mantel test,and autocorrelation functions for the analysis of rodent data obtained from trappings conducted between 1984 and *** showed an increase in abundance across the years of study,with its distribution depending on landscape features,such as habitat types and the distance *** rates showed a spatio-temporal aggregation,suggesting expansion from previously occupied *** was more abundant at lower minimum temperatures in summer,higher precipitation in spring and summer,and lower precip-itations in *** conditions affected *** abundance,but there was local variation that differed from global patterns of climate change.

关键词： agroecosystems climate change linear habitats Oxymycterus rufus rodent

Circadian rhythm disruption and retinal dysfunction:a bidirectional link in Alzheimer’s disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1967-1972页

作者： laura Carrero DesireéAntequera Cristina Municio eva Carro Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute(imas12)MadridSpainNetwork Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED)ISCIIIMadridSpain PhD Program in Neuroscience Autonoma de Madrid UniversityMadridSpain Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit Functional Unit for Research into Chronic DiseasesInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpainNetwork Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED)ISCIIIMadridSpain

Dysfunction in circadian rhythms is a common occurrence in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.A predominant function of the retina is circadian synchronization,carrying information to the brain through the retinohypothalamic tract,which projects to the suprachiasmatic ***,Alzheimer’s disease hallmarks,including amyloid-β,are present in the retinas of Alzheimer’s disease patients,followed/associated by structural and functional ***,the mechanistic link between circadian dysfunction and the pathological changes affecting the retina in Alzheimer’s disease is not fully understood,although some studies point to the possibility that retinal dysfunction could be considered an early pathological process that directly modulates the circadian rhythm.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid circadian rhythm neurodegeneration retina

Dieback of managed spruce stands in western Germany promotes beetle diversity

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 55-71页

作者： eva Plath Chantal Trauth Jan Gerhards laura Griebel Klaus Fischer Department Biology Institute of Integrated Natural SciencesKoblenz-Landau University56070 KoblenzGermany

Biodiversity loss is a significant problem at a global scale and may be amplified by climate *** recent years,coniferous forests have had substantial die-back across europe due to drought and subsequent bark-beetle *** many studies on the consequences of disturbance and subsequent management have focused on natural stands,management implications for managed spruce stands are not well understood,even though such stands are widespread throughout *** this study,beetle taxonomy,conservation value,and community com-position are compared among spruce plantations and four post-disturbance management approaches:standing dead-wood,lying deadwood,clear cuts,and long-term *** and community composition differed significantly among management categories,while different beetle fami-lies responded *** spruce stands harbored the lowest beetle diversity while the highest taxonomic diver-sity and conservation value was on clear cuts and stands with lying or standing *** proportion of forest specialists was highest in successional *** summary,different forest management categories harbored distinct beetle communities at the family-,species-,and ecological guild ***,post-disturbance management should consider the landscape scale and include different management *** enhances landscape heterogeneity and thus overall biodiversity but could also mitigate negative impacts of natural disturbances on ecosystem services.

关键词： Bark-beetle outbreak Forest dieback Spruce Deadwood Nature conservation Beetle biodiversity-Coleoptera Coniferous forests

Identific tion of quantitative trait loci and associated candidate genes for pregnancy success in Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 162-170页

作者： Quinn A.Hoorn Gabriel A.Zayas eduardo e.Rodriguez laura M.Jensen Raluca G.Mateescu Peter J.Hansen Department of Animal Sciences Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Programand the Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia

Background In beef cattle, more than 50% of the energy input to produce a unit of beef is consumed by the female that produced the calf. Development of genomic tools to identify females with high genetic merit for reproductive function could increase the profitability and sustainability of beef *** Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) were performed using a single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach on pregnancy outcome traits from a population of Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers. Furthermore, a validation GWAS was performed using data from another farm. Heifers were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250 array that contains 221,077 SNPs. In the discovery population, heifers were bred in winter breeding seasons involving a single round of timed artificial insemination(AI) followed by natural mating for 3 months. Two phenotypes were analyzed: pregnancy outcome to first-service AI(PAI;n = 1,481) and pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season(PeBS;n = 1,725). The heritability was estimated as 0.149 and 0.122 for PAI and PeBS, respectively. In the PAI model, one quantitative trait locus(QTL), located between 52.3 and 52.5 Mb on BTA7, explained about 3% of the genetic variation, in a region containing a cluster of γ-protocadherin genes and SLC25A2. Other QTLs explaining between 0.5% and 1% of the genetic variation were found on BTA12 and 25. In the PeBS model, a large QTL on BTA7 was synonymous with the QTL for PAI, with minor QTLs located on BTA5, 9, 10, 11, 19, and 20. The validation population for pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season were Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers bred by natural mating. In concordance with the discovery population, the large QTL on BTA7 and QTLs on BTA10 and 12 were *** In summary, QTLs and candidate SNPs identified were associated with pregnancy outcomes in beef heifers, including a large QTL associated with a group of protocadherin genes. Confirmation of these associations

关键词： Beef cattle Fertility GWAS QTL

Comparative Analysis of Reaction to Fire and Flammability of Hemp Shives Insulation Boards with Incorporated Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 603-613页

作者： Inga Zotova edgars Kirilovs laura Ziemele Institute of Architecture and Design Riga Technical UniversityRigaLV-1048Latvia Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Institute JelgavaLV-3001Latvia

Nowadays buildings contain innovative materials,materials from local resources,production surpluses and rapidly renewable natural *** Change Materials(PCM)are one such group of novel materials which reduce building energy *** the wider availability of microencapsulated PCM,there is an opportunity to develop a new type of insulating materials,combinate PCM with traditional insulation materials for latent heat energy *** materials are typically flammable and are located on the interior wall finishing yet there has been no detailed assessment of their fire *** this research work prototypes of low-density insulating boards for indoor spaces from hemp shives using carbamide resin binder and cold pressing were ***-scale cone calorimeter tests were conducted to evaluate fire risk,with a focus on assessing material flammability properties and the influence of PCM on the *** this research,the amount of smoke,heat release rate,effective heat of combustion,specific extinction coefficient,mass loss,carbon dioxide yield,specific loss factor,ignition time of hemp straws samples and samples of hemp straws with 10%and without PCM admixture were *** is a risk of flammability for PCM and their fire reaction has not been evaluated when incorporating PCM into interior wall finishing *** obtained results can be used by designers to balance the potential energy savings of using PCM with a more complete understanding and predictability of the associated fire risk when using the proposed *** also allows for appropriate risk mitigation strategies.

关键词： encapsuled phase change material renewable resources reaction to fire flammability

Does MgSO_(4) protect the preterm brain?Dissecting its role in the pathophysiology of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1861-1862页

作者： Robert Galinsky laura Bennet Alistair J.Gunn The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Physiology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Mitigating preterm encephalopathy continues to be one of the greatest challenges in perinatal *** encephalopathy is associated with high mortality,serious morbidity,and significant socio-economic impacts on the individuals,their families,and public health sectors and welfare systems that last a *** cost of disability associated with preterm brain injury continues to *** of this injury,and disability,would significantly reduce this socioeconomic burden.

关键词： encephalopathy mortality hypoxic