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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 2262-2288页

作者： laura Grassi Simone Fantaccini School of Management Politecnico di MilanoMilanItaly

Crowdfunding is emerging as an alternative form of funding for medical purposes,with capital being raised directly from a broader and more diverse audience of *** this paper,we have systematically researched and reviewed the literature on medical crowdfunding to determine how crowdfunding connects with the health care *** health care industry has been struggling to develop sustainable research and business models for economic systems and investors alike,especially in *** research results have revealed a wealth of evidence concerning the way crowdfunding is applied in real *** and caregivers utilize web platform–based campaigns all over the world to fund their medical expenses,generally on a spot basis,using donation-based or even reward-based schemes,regardless of the health care system archetype(public,private insurance-based or hybrid).Academics have also focused on funding campaigns and the predictors of success(which range from social behaviour and environment to the basic demographics of the campaigners and their diseases)and on social and regulatory concerns,including heightened social inequality and *** equity crowdfunding is disrupting the way many ventures/businesses seek capital in the market,our research indicates that there are no relevant or consistent data on the practice of medical equity crowdfunding in health care,apart from a few anecdotal cases.

关键词： Crowdfunding Health crowdfunding Pharma Healthtech R&d funding Fintech Medtech

Machine learning algorithm using publicly available echo database for simplified“visual estimation”of left ventricular ejection fraction

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2022年第2期12卷 16-25页

作者： Michael Blaivas laura Blaivas department of Medicine University of South Carolina School of MedicineRoswellGA 30076United States department of Environmental Science Michigan State UniversityRoswellGeorgia 30076United States

BACKGROUNd Left ventricular ejection fraction calculation automation typically requires complex algorithms and is dependent of optimal visualization and tracing of endocardial *** significantly limits usability in bedside clinical applications,where ultrasound automation is needed *** To create a simple deep learning(dL)regression-type algorithm to visually estimate left ventricular(LV)ejection fraction(EF)from a public database of actual patient echo examinations and compare results to echocardiography laboratory EF *** A simple dL architecture previously proven to perform well on ultrasound image analysis,VGG16,was utilized as a base architecture running within a long short term memory algorithm for sequential image(video)*** obtaining permission to use the Stanford EchoNet-dynamic database,researchers randomly removed approximately 15%of the approximately 10036 echo apical 4-chamber videos for later performance *** database echo examinations were read as part of comprehensive echocardiography study performance and were coupled with EF,end systolic and diastolic volumes,key frames and coordinates for LV endocardial tracing in csv *** better reflect point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)clinical settings and time pressure,the algorithm was trained on echo video correlated with calculated ejection fraction without incorporating additional volume,measurement and coordinate *** percent of the original data was used for algorithm training and 15%for validation during *** previously randomly separated 15%(1263 echo videos)was used for algorithm performance testing after training *** the inherent variability of echo EF measurement and field standards for evaluating algorithm accuracy,mean absolute error(MAE)and root mean square error(RMSE)calculations were made on algorithm EF results compared to Echo Lab calculated ***-Atlman calculation was also *** for skilled echocardiographe

关键词： deep learning Artificial intelligence Point-of-care-ultrasound Ejection fraction Cardiac Echocardiography

Why caution should be applied when interpreting and promoting findings from Mendelian randomisation studies

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General Psychiatry 2023年第4期36卷 334-338页

作者： Alice R Carter Abigail Fraser laura d Howe Sian Harris Amanda Hughes MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of BristolBristolUK Population Health Sciences University of BristolBristolUK

Introduction In their article entitled‘Investigating genetic causal relationships between blood pressure and anxiety,depressive symptoms,neuroticism and subjective well-being’,Cai and colleagues1 presented the results of a two-sample Mendelian randomisation2(MR)study examining associations between blood pressure traits(systolic,diastolic,hypertension and pulse pressure)and psychological traits(anxiety,depression,neuroticism and subjective well-being).After correction for multiple testing.

关键词： random finding interpreting

Strength and stiffness reduction factors for infilled frames with openings

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2014年第3期13卷 437-454页

作者： Luis d.decanini laura Liberatore Fabrizio Mollaioli department of Structural Engineering and Geothecnics "Sapienza" University of Rome

Framed structures are usually infilled with masonry walls. They may cause a significant increase in both stiffness and strength, reducing the deformation demand and increasing the energy dissipation capacity of the system. On the other hand, irregular arrangements of the masonry panels may lead to the concentration of damage in some regions, with negative effects; for example soft story mechanisms and shear failures in short columns. Therefore, the presence ofinfill walls should not be neglected, especially in regions of moderate and high seismicity. To this aim, simple models are available for solid infills walls, such as the diagonal no-tension strut model, while infilled frames with openings have not been adequately investigated. In this study, the effect of openings on the strength and stiffness of infilled frames is investigated by means of about 150 experimental and numerical tests. The main parameters involved are identified and a simple model to take into account the openings in the infills is developed and compared with other models proposed by different researchers. The model, which is based on the use of strength and stiffness reduction factors, takes into account the opening dimensions and presence of reinforcing elements around the opening. An example of an application of the proposed reduction factors is also presented.

关键词： infilled frames openings strength stiffness reduction factor

Effect of the rearing diet on gene expression of antimicrobial peptides in Hermetia illucens(diptera:Stratiomyidae)

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 933-946页

作者： Valentina Candian Carlotta Savio Marco Meneguz laura Gasco Rosemarie Tedeschi dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Forestali eAlimentari(DISAFA)University of TorinoGrugliascoItaly NRAE MicalisGMEUniversity of Paris SaclayJouy-en-JosasFrance Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands BEF Biosystems TorinoItaly

Insect proteins have been proposed for human and animal food *** the health status of insects in mass rearing allows to obtain high-quality products and to avoid severe economic losses due to ***,new strategies for preserving insect health must be *** of the insect im-mune system through the diet is one such *** evaluated gene expression of two antimicrobial peptides(one defensin and one cecropin)in Hermetia illucens(L.)(diptera:Stratiomyidae)reared on different *** were performed on prepupae and 10-day-old larvae reared on cereal-and municipal organic waste-based diets and on only prepupae reared on a cereal-based diet supplemented with sunflower,corn,or soybean *** inclusion of sunflower oil at different points in the cereal-based diet was also ***,diet-driven differences in the inhibitory activity of the hemolymph were tested against Escherichia coli dH5αand Micrococcus yunnanensis HI55 using diffusion assays in solid *** showed that a municipal organic waste-based diet produced a significant overexpression of antimicrobial peptides only in *** of veg-etable oils caused an upregulation of at least one peptide,except for the corn *** expression of both genes was observed when sunflower oil was added 5 days before *** hemolymph samples showed an inhibitory activity against bacteria *** results suggest that municipal organic waste-based diet and vegetable oil-added diet may successfully impact the immune system of *** alternatives may also exist forotherspeciesofeconomic interest.

关键词： cecropin cereal defensin hemolymph organic municipal solid waste vegetable oil

Immortalized hippocampal astrocytes from 3xTg-Ad mice,a new model to study disease-related astrocytic dysfunction:a comparative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1672-1678页

作者： laura Tapella Giulia dematteis Armando A Genazzani Massimiliano de Paola dmitry Lim department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universitàdel Piemonte Orientale“Amedeo Avogadro”NovaraItaly department of Neuroscience Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCSMilanoItaly

Alzheimer's disease(Ad)is characterized by complex etiology,long-lasting pathogenesis,and celltype-specific ***,there is no cure for Ad,emphasizing the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of cell-specific ***,principal homeostatic cells of the central nervous system,are key players in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,including *** models greatly facilitate the investigation of cell-specific pathological alterations and the dissection of molecular mechanisms and ***-derived and immortalized astrocytic cell lines,alongside the emerging technology of adult induced pluripotent stem cells,are widely used to study cellular dysfunction in ***,no stable cell lines were available from genetic mouse Ad ***,we established immortalized hippocampal astroglial cell lines from amyloid-βprecursor protein/presenilin-1/Tau triple-transgenic(3xTg)-Ad mice(denominated as wild type(WT)-and 3Tg-iAstro cells)using retrovirus-mediated transduction of simian virus 40 large T-antigen and propagation without clonal selection,thereby maintaining natural heterogeneity of primary *** groups have successfully used 3Tg-iAstro cells for single-cell and omics approaches to study astrocytic Ad-related alterations of calcium signaling,mitochondrial dysfunctions,disproteostasis,altered homeostatic and signaling support to neurons,and blood-brain barrier *** we provide a comparative overview of the most used models to study astrocytes in vitro,such as primary culture,tumor-derived cell lines,immortalized astroglial cell lines,and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived *** conclude that immortalized WT-and 3Tg-iAstro cells provide a noncompetitive but complementary,low-cost,easy-to-handle,and versatile cellular model for dissection of astrocyte-specific Ad-related alterations and preclinical drug discovery.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease astrocytes immortalization astroglial Alzheimers's disease model blood-brain barrier calcium signaling central nervous system homeostasis disproteostasis endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts induced pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes protein synthesis

Preterm neonatal brain injury: are human amnion epithelial stem cells a pan-treatment for neuroprotection and neurorepair?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第6期17卷 1261-1262页

作者： Joanne O.davidson Simerdeep K.dhillon laura Bennet department of Physiology University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Premature birth,defined as birth before 37 weeks completed gestation,represents 11.1%of all live births worldwide and the rate has increased in almost all countries over the past few decades(dhillon et al.,2018).Although mortality after preterm birth has fallen steadily over time,preterm infants continue to have very high rates of neurodevelopmental disability,including severe motor disorders such as cerebral palsy(dhillon et al.,2018;Yates et al.,2021).

关键词： birth repair steadily

Energy analysis of a wood or pellet stove in a single-family house equipped with gas boiler and radiators

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Building Simulation 2022年第9期15卷 1577-1593页

作者： Marco Marigo Fabio Zulli Sara Bordignon laura Carnieletto Giuseppe Emmi Michele de Carli department of Industrial Engineering-Applied Physics Section University of PadovaVia Venezia 1-35131PadovaItaly

In the residential sector,biomass appliances are widely used for space heating and often combined with other *** work aims at comparing the final and primary energy consumption of different configurations,including a conventional and a ducted pellet stove and a wood log stove using air as heat transfer fluid.A dynamic analysis of the interaction between biomass stoves and conventional heating systems,such as gas boilers and radiators,is carried out within a typical single-family house in a mild climate,using TRNSYS *** addition,natural ventilation of the building is considered using CONTAM,with a focus on external infiltrations and internal air circulation due to the buoyancy *** show that the biomass device in one room promotes the airflows between adjacent thermal zones,enhancing the heat distribution through door openings,in particular when an air ducted stove is *** final energy consumption resulting from simulations with wood-burning stoves is 21%higher than pellet *** pellet stove results in similar final energy and a 30%increase in overall primary energy,while the wood stove increases the final energy by 22%and approximately 40%of overall primary energy compared to the case of a traditional gas system coupled to radiators which is considered as ***,non-renewable primary energy savings are higher than 50%with pellet stoves and 60%with wood-log stoves.

关键词： energy model pellet stove wood log stove biomass CONTAM TRNSYS

dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids:Effects on reproductive and productive performance and meat quality in rabbit breeding

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 70-78页

作者： Stella Agradi Majlind Sulce laura Menchetti daniele Vigo Marta Castrica Olimpia Barbato Egon Andoni Alda Quattrone Albana Munga Maria laura Marongiu Giulio Curone Gabriele Brecchia department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of MilanLodiItaly Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Agricultural University of TiranaTiranaAlbania School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine University of CamerinoCamerinoItaly department of Veterinary Medicine University of PerugiaPerugiaItaly department of Veterinary Medicine University of SassariSassariItaly

Rabbit breeding has many critical aspects related to reproduction,production,and animal welfare,which reduce its profitability as well as consumer *** supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)seems to be a good nutritional strategy to improve several aspects of rabbit breeding,enhance animal welfare and produce a new functional food considered healthy for human *** this reason,the main available scientific research regarding the physiological effects of n-3 PUFA rich products supplemented to the rabbit diet will be *** particular,consequences on the reproductive performances of both doe and buck,the productive parameters,and the meat quality will be analysed.

关键词： Omega 3 Nutraceutical Linseed Fish oil Algae

Female ticks (Ixodes scapularis) infected with Borrelia burgdorferi have increased overwintering survival, with implications for tick population growth

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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1798-1809页

作者： Amal El Nabbout laura V.Ferguson Atsushi Miyashita Shelley A.Adamo department of Biology Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada department of Biology Acadia UniversityWolfvilleNova ScotiaCanada Institute of Medical Mycology Teikyo UniversityTokyoJapan department of Psychology and Neuroscience Dalhousie UniversityNova ScotiaCanada

The tick, Ixodes scapularis, vectors pathogens such as Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme disease. Over the last few decades I. scapularis has expanded its range, introducing a novel health threat into these areas. Warming temperatures appear to be one cause of its range expansion to the north. However, other factors are also involved. We show that unfed adult female ticks infected with B. burgdorferi have greater overwintering survival than uninfected female ticks. Locally collected adult female ticks were placed in individual microcosms and allowed to overwinter in both forest and dune grass environments. In the spring we collected the ticks and tested both dead and living ticks for B. burgdorferi dNA. Infected ticks had greater overwintering survival compared with uninfected ticks every winter for three consecutive winters in both forest and dune grass environments. We discuss the most plausible explanations for this result. The increased winter survival of adult female ticks could enhance tick population growth. Our results suggest that, in addition to climate change, B. burgdorferi infection itself may be promoting the northern range expansion of I. scapularis. Our study highlights how pathogens could work synergistically with climate change to promote host range expansion.

关键词： cold tolerance ecological immunology Lyme disease thermobiology winter