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Gallbladder cancer epidemiology, pathogenesis and molecular genetics: Recent update

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第22期23卷 3978-3998页

作者： Aarti sharma Kiran lata sharma Annapurna Gupta Alka Yadav Ashok Kumar Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics John Buhler Research Centre University of Manitoba

Gallbladder cancer is a malignancy of biliary tract which is infrequent in developed countries but common in some specific geographical regions of developing countries. Late diagnosis and deprived prognosis are major problems for treatment of gallbladder carcinoma. The dramatic associations of this orphan cancer with various genetic and environmental factors are responsible for its poorly defined pathogenesis. An understanding to the relationship between epidemiology, molecular genetics and pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer can add new insights to its undetermined pathophysiology. Present review article provides a recent update regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, and molecular genetics of gallbladder cancer. We systematically reviewed published literature on gallbladder cancer from online search engine Pub Med(http://***/pubmed). Various keywords used for retrieval of articles were Gallbladder, cancer Epidemiology, molecular genetics and bullion operators like AND, OR, NOT. Cross references were manually searched from various online search engines(http://***/pubmed,https://***/, http://***/***). Most of the articles published from 1982 to 2015 in peer reviewed journals have been included in this review.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer Epidemiology Molecular genetics Pathogenesis

Force degradation behavior of glucocorticoid deflazacort by UPLC：isolation,identification and characterization of degradant by FTIR,NMR and mass analysis

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2016年第2期30卷 149-161页

作者： Rajesh Deshmukh lata sharma Muktika Tekade Prashant Kesharwani Piyush Trivedi Rakesh K.Tekade Macleods Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Kachigam Daman 396320 India School of Pharmaceutical Science Rajiv Gandhi Prodyogiki Vishwavidyalaya Gandhi Nagar Bhopal 462036 India TIT College of Pharmacy Technocrats Institute of Technology Anand Nagar Bhopal 462021 India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Wayne State University Detroit MI 48201 USA The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Advanced Imaging Research Center Dallas TX 75390 USA The International Medical University School of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Kuala Lumpur57000 Malaysia

In this investigation,sensitive and reproducible methods are described for quantitative determination of deflazacort in the presence of its degradation *** method was based on high performance liquid chromatography of the drug from its degradation product on reverse phase using Acquity UPLC BEH C18columns（1.7 urn,2.1 mm ×150 mm） using acetonitrile and water（40：60 V/V） at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/minute in *** detection was performed at 240.1 *** was subjected to oxidative,acid,base,hydrolytic,thermal and photolytic *** drug was found to be stable in water and thermal stress,as well as under neutral stress ***,forced-degradation study performed on deflazacort showed that the drug degraded under alkaline,acid and photolytic *** degradation products were well resolved from the main peak,which proved the stability-indicating power of the *** developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines with respect to accuracy,linearity,limit of detection,limit of quantification,accuracy,precision and robustness,selectivity and *** from the aforementioned,the results of the present study also emphasize the importance of isolation characterization and identification of ***,an attempt was made to identify the degradants in *** of the degradation products of deflazacort was isolated and identified by the FTIR,NMR and LC-MS study.

关键词： Deflazacort forced degradation degradant characterization

Updates on“Cancer Genomics and Epigenomics”

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第11期11卷 890-897页

作者： Aarti sharma Kiran lata sharma Cherry Bansal Ashok Kumar Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014India Department of Pathology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Pathology Era’s Medical College and HospitalLucknow 226003India

The field of“Cancer Genomics and Epigenomes”has been widely investigated for their involvement in cancer to understand the basic processes of different *** aggregation of genetic and epigenetic alterations also displays a wide range of heterogeneity making it quite necessary to develop personalized treatment *** complex interplay between DNA methylation and chromatin dynamics in malignant cells is one of the major epigenetic mechanisms that lead to gene activation and ***,each tumor needs to be fully characterized to satisfy the ideas of personalized treatment *** present article addresses various aspects of genome characterization methods and their potential role in the field of cancer genomics and epigenomics.

关键词： Genetics Epigenetics Chromatin Cancer Copy number variations Transcription Histone-modifications

Numerical simulation of square shaped particle sedimentation

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 107-116页

作者： Govind sharma Bahni Ray Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi110016India

Direct numerical simulations of square particle sedimentation in a viscous incompressible fluid are presented to examine the effects of sharp edges for various particle-to-fluid density ratios and different initial inclination *** settling process exhibits four different motion regimes;non-oscillatory,non-uniform centered oscillatory,uniform off-centered oscillatory,and non-uniform off-centered(irregular)*** moderate density ratios,we observe that the rotational motion of settling square particle varies with the initial inclination *** employ Dynamic Time Warping and Fast Fourier Transform to analyze translational and angular *** systems are described using phase-space plots,and a chaotic phenomenon is observed at a higher density ratio.

关键词： Sedimentation Distributed Lagrangian multiplier Phase synchronization Oscillations

Sequential decay analysis of^(235)U(n^(th),f)reaction using fragmentation approach

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 145-154页

作者： Nitin sharma Ashutosh Kaushik Manoj K.sharma School of Physics and Materials Science Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyPatiala-147004PunjabIndia

Numerous experimental and theoretical observations have concluded that the probability of the three fragment emission(ternary fission)or binary fission increases when one proceeds towards the heavy mass region of nuclear periodic *** factors affect fragment emission,such as the shell effect,deformation,orientation,and fissility *** and ternary fissions are observed for both ground and excited states of the *** collinear cluster tripartition(CCT)channel of the^(235)U(n^(th),f)reaction is studied,and we observe that the CCT may be a sequential or simultaneous emission *** date,different approaches have been introduced to study the CCT process as a simultaneous or sequential process,but the decay dynamics of these modes have not been not fully *** the three fragments of the sequential process and exploring their related dynamics using an excitation energy dependent approach would be of further ***,in this study,we investigate the sequential decay mechanism of the^(235)U(n^(th),f)reaction using quantum mechanical fragmentation theory(QMFT).The decay mechanism is considered in two steps,where initially,the nucleus splits into an asymmetric *** the second step,the heavy fragment obtained in the first step divides into two *** I analysis is conducted by calculating the fragmentation potential and preformation probability for the spherical and deformed choices of the decaying *** most probable fragment combination of stage I are identified with respect to the dips in the fragmentation structure and the corresponding maxima of the preformation probability(P0).The light fragments of the identified decay channels(obtained in step I)agree closely with the experimentally observed *** excitation energy of the decay channel is calculated using an iteration *** excitation energy is shared using an excitation energy dependent level density *** obtained excitation

关键词： fission cluster radioactivity ternary fission spontaneous fission cluster model total kinetic energy preformation probability

Comprehending drivers of land use land cover change from 1999 to 2021 in the Pithoragarh District,Kumaon Himalaya,Uttarakhand,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第7期21卷 2394-2407页

作者： Mahika PHARTIYAL Sanjeev sharma Centre for the Study of Regional Development Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India

The Himalayan region has been experiencing stark impacts of climate change,demographic and livelihood pattern *** analysis of land use and land cover(LULC)change provides insights into the shifts in spatial and temporal patterns of *** changes are the combined effects of anthropogenic and natural/climatic *** present study attempts to monitor and comprehend the main drivers behind LULC changes(1999-2021)in the Himalayan region of Pithoragarh district,*** district is a border district,remotely located in the north-east region of Uttarakhand,*** study draws upon primary and secondary data sources.A total of 400 household surveys and five group discussions from 38 villages were conducted randomly to understand the climate perception of the local community and the drivers of *** imagery,CRU(Climatic Research Unit)climate data and climate perception data from the field have been used to comprehensively comprehend,analyze,and discuss the trends and reasons for LULC *** and remote sensing techniques were used to construct LULC *** multifaceted approach ensures comprehensive and corroborated *** classes were identified and formed viz-cultivation,barren,settlement,snow,and *** show that vegetation and builtup have increased whereas cultivation,barren land,and snow cover have *** study further aims to elucidate the causes behind LULC changes in the spatially heterogeneous region,distinguishing between those attributed to human activities,climate shifts,and the interconnected impacts of *** study provides a comprehensive picture of the study area and delivers a targeted understanding of local drivers and their potential remedies by offering a foundation for formulating sustainable adaptation policies in the region.

关键词： Himalayan region Land use/land cover change Anthropogenic factors Climate change Socioecological system

Study of plasma parameters of coaxial plasma source using triple Langmuir probe and Faraday cup diagnostics

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 94-100页

作者： Sunil KANCHI Rohit SHUKLA Archana sharma Pulsed Power and Electromagnetics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreVisakhapatnam 531011India Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai 400085India Beam Technology Development Group Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India

Coaxial plasma guns are a type of plasma source that produces plasma which propagates radially and axially controlled by the shape of the ground electrode, which has attracted much interest in several applications. In this work, a 120° opening angle of CPG nozzle is used as a plasma gun configuration that operates at the energy of 150 J. The ionization of polyethylene insulator between the electrodes of the gun produces a cloud of hydrogen and carbon *** triple Langmuir probe and Faraday cup are used to measure plasma density and plasma temperature. These methods are used to measure the on-axis and off-axis plasma divergence of the coaxial plasma gun. The peak values of ion densities measured at a distance of 25 mm on-axis from the plasma gun are(1.6±0.5)×10^(19)m^(-3)and(2.8±0.6)×10^(19)m^(-3)for hydrogen and carbon plasma respectively and the peak temperature is 3.02±0.5 eV. The mean propagation velocity of plasma is calculated using the transit times of plasma at different distances from the plasma gun and is found to be 4.54±0.25 cm/μs and 1.81±0.18 cm/μs for hydrogen and carbon plasma respectively. The Debye radius is obtained from the measured experimental data that satisfies the thin sheath approximation. The shot-to-shot stability of plasma parameters facilitates the use of plasma guns in laboratory experiments. These types of plasma sources can be used in many applications like plasma opening switches, plasma devices, and as plasma sources.

关键词： coaxial plasma source triple Langmuir probe Faraday cup plasma density plasma temperature

Mitigating fire risks in hospitals:Are we primed and geared up?

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第3期17卷 141-142页

作者： Raman sharma Sruti sharma Department of Hospital Administration PGIMERChandigarhIndia Department of Hospital Administration Satellite CentreSangrurPGIMERChandigarhIndia

The recent incidents have confirmed that fires in COVID-19 hospitals have become a gruelling and nerve-testing challenge[1-3].The increased volumes of oxygen flow,abundance of inflammable alcohol sanitizers,wearing of inflammable kits,and abundance of equipment make it more acquiescent for such incidents and even difficult to *** density of equipment(especially ventilators)“enriches”air with oxygen,thereby increasing the“combustion risk”.

关键词： nit thereby control

A Comprehensive Review of Design and Technological Advancements across Various Types of Solar Dryers

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Energy Engineering 2024年第10期121卷 2851-2892页

作者： Ganesh There Rohit sharma School of Mechanical Engineering VIT Bhopal UniversitySehore466114India

This analysis investigates the widespread use of solar drying methods and designs in developing countries,particularly for agricultural products like fruits,vegetables,and bee *** techniques like hot air oven drying and open sun drying have drawbacks,including nutrient loss and exposure to harmful *** and thermal drying are viewed as sustainable solutions because they rely on renewable *** article highlights the advantages of solar drying,including waste reduction,increased productivity,and improved *** is also cost-effective and *** review study provides an overview of different solar drying systems and technologies used in poor nations,aiming to identify the most effective and efficient *** focus is on comparing current models of solar dryers for optimal *** review underscores the importance of solar drying as a long-term,eco-friendly approach to drying food in developing *** review aims to evaluate how using solar-powered drying techniques can enhance food preservation,minimize waste,and enhance the quality and marketability of agricultural *** paper will specifically focus on examining the efficacy of these methods for drying bee pollen and pinpointing where enhancements can be made in their advancement.

关键词： Renewable energy solar dryers open sun drying design parameters bee pollen drying