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Progress Toward Implementing the Sendai Framework, the Paris Agreement, and the Sustainable Development Goals: Policy from Aotearoa New Zealand

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第2期11卷 190-205页

作者： Wendy S.A.Saunders Scott Kelly Suzanne Paisley larissa b.clarke GNS Science Lower Hutt 5010New Zealand

In 2015, Aotearoa New Zealand became a signatory to the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(Sendai Framework), the Paris Climate Change Agreement(Paris Agreement), and the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). Since 2017 Aotearoa New Zealand has been undergoing governance reform to realign priorities and to improve the management of natural hazards and climate change. The aim of this article is to provide a review of how Aotearoa New Zealand is taking steps to improve consistency of planning across the legislative environment, thereby implementing its commitments to the Sendai Framework, the SDGs, and the Paris Agreement. It provides an overview of the national governance arrangements, with a focus on the key legislative tools;identifies how key terms are defined nationally;and provides an overview of the governance arrangements that contribute to the country’s international obligations. The discussion describes how obligations are applied, and considers two"disruptive and proactive" action examples. Four recommended actions are provided to further implement these international aspirations:(1) take into account these international agreements during the development and implementation of all legislation;(2) build awareness, capability,and capacity within central, regional, and local governments to support implementation;(3) actively evaluate the progress of implementing initiatives designed to reduce vulnerability and strengthen resilience;and(4) ensure that more weight and value are given to indigenous planning documents.

关键词： Disaster risk resilience Living standards framework Natural hazard vulnerability New Zealand Sustainable development goals National wellbeing

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Neurological Manifestations of Vitamin b12 Deficiency: About a Case

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2024年第1期15卷 51-54页

作者： Emmanuel Yangatimbi Duval Lewis Grenaba Josué Pierre Kinima larissa Kpengougna Jacqueline Tchebemou Caprice Vivien Ndouellet Pascal Mbelesso Department of Neurology University Hospital of the Sino-Central African Friendship Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

The authors report a case of deficient sensory neuropathy secondary to vitamin b12 deficiency, diagnosed in the neurology department of the Sino-Central African Friendship University Hospital in bangui. The diagnosis was made possible by electroneuromyography which showed subclinical neurological damage associated with hematological damage (anemia). Through this observation, we recall the diagnostic criteria of the disease in a context of difficult medical practice. .

关键词： Neurological Manifestations Vitamins b12 Central African Republic

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中国非动脉硬化性心血管疾病人群脂蛋白(a)水平分布特征及影响因素

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中华流行病学杂志 2024年第6期45卷 779-786页

作者：柯雅蕾潘烺吕筠孙点剑一裴培陈怡平杨玲杜怀东 clarke Robert 陈君石陈铮鸣章晓陈婷李润琴齐丽彤李立明余灿清中国慢性病前瞻性研究项目协作组北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系北京100191 北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心北京100191 重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室(北京大学) 北京100191 牛津大学临床与流行病学研究中心纳菲尔德人群健康系牛津OX37LF 国家食品安全风险评估中心北京100022 北京诺华制药有限公司北京102200 北京大学第一医院心内科北京100034 不详

目的描述中国非动脉硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)人群脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]的分布并分析其影响因素。方法基于中国慢性病前瞻性研究项目的一项巢式病例对照研究,选取其中进行了血液生化指标检测的对照人群进行分析,使用参比实验室检定的多克隆... 详细信息

目的描述中国非动脉硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)人群脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]的分布并分析其影响因素。方法基于中国慢性病前瞻性研究项目的一项巢式病例对照研究,选取其中进行了血液生化指标检测的对照人群进行分析,使用参比实验室检定的多克隆抗体比浊法测定Lp(a)水平,≥75.0 nmol/L定义为高Lp(a)。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析Lp(a)水平的影响因素。结果在纳入研究的5870名非ASCVD人群中,Lp(a)水平呈正偏态分布,M(Q_(1),Q_(3))为17.5(8.8,43.5)nmol/L。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女性与高Lp(a)相关(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.05~1.43),中心性肥胖者的高Lp(a)风险降低(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.52~0.89)。随TC、LDL-C、载脂蛋白A1(Apo A1)和载脂蛋白b(Apo b)水平升高,高Lp(a)风险增加,各升高组的OR值(95%CI)分别为2.40(1.76~3.24)、2.68(1.36~4.93)、1.29(1.03~1.61)和1.65(1.27~2.13);HDL-C降低组高Lp(a)风险降低,OR值(95%CI)为0.76(0.61~0.94);而TG、Apo A1与Apo b的比值(Apo A1/b)与高Lp(a)风险呈负相关,TG升高组的OR值(95%CI)为0.73(0.60~0.89),Apo A1/b升高组的OR值(95%CI)为0.60(0.50~0.72);Lp(a)水平与血脂指标(除Apo A1外)的相关性均存在线性趋势(线性趋势检验P≤0.001)。未发现行为生活方式因素如饮食、吸烟、体力活动水平与Lp(a)水平存在统计学关联。结论Lp(a)水平与性别及中心性肥胖有关,但受行为生活方式因素影响较小。

关键词：脂蛋白(a) 非动脉硬化性心血管疾病人群分布影响因素

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Sendai Framework’s Global Targets A and b: Opinions from the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction’s Ignite Stage 2019

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 651-663页

作者： Nibedita S.Ray-bennett Krishna clarke Daniel Mendez School of business University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK Avoidable Deaths Network University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK Office of the President Saint Michael Parish of Saint MichaelCaribbean Development BankBridgetown 11000Barbados

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 set seven global targets of which the first two targets are to reduce disaster deaths(target A) and diminish the number of affected people globally(target b)by *** realize these targets,the United Nations General Assembly’s Expert Working Group provided indicators to measure progress as well as terminologies for these targets in *** around these targets is *** article contributes to the understanding of the targets by exploring:(1) what are the conditions that may hinder achieving targets,as well as those that may accelerate their achievement at the national and local levels;and(2) which types of organizations should lead a country’s effort to reduce disaster deaths?These questions were answered by opinion survey research carried out at the Sixth Session of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk *** participants identified disaster risk reduction efforts,early warning systems,awareness,finance and investment(among others) as the important facilitating factors to achieve targets A and *** investment in human security,lack of response and coordination,uncertainty of climate change,poor information,lack of campaigns and low budget allocation(among others) are considered as the important hindering factors for these targets by the *** findings also suggest that the facilitating and hindering variables of targets A and b are interconnected with global target E(disaster risk governance and capacity building).The majority of the participants thought that it is the national government who should lead in a country’s effort to reduce disaster *** on these findings,a few recommendations have been made to improve policy and practice related to the indicators as well as to reimagine theories so that targets A and b can be realized in alignment with target E at the national and local levels by 2030.

关键词： Disaster deaths Disaster risk reduction Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction HealthEDRM Health system Sendai Framework’s targets A and b

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Management Practices Associated with Anthracnose and Abiotic Stress on Golf Course Turf

Management Practices Associated with Anthracnose and Abiotic...

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中国草学会草坪专业委员会第六届全国会员代表大会及第九次学术研讨会

作者： Dr.bruce b.clarke Dr.James A.Murphy Rutgers University

Anthracnose is a destructive disease of weakened or senescent turf. The disease occurs throughout the world on almost all turfgrass species but is particularly severe on annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). The causal agent, Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) G.W. Wils., spends

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Momentum considerations inside near-zero index materials

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1782-1789页

作者： Michaël Lobet Iñigo Liberal larissa Vertchenko Andrei VLavrinenko Nader Engheta Eric Mazur John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University9 Oxford StreetCambridgeMA02138USA Department of Physics and Namur Institute of Structured Materials University of NamurRue de Bruxelles 515000NamurBelgium Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department Universidad Pública de NavarraCampus ArrosadíaPamplona31006Spain Department of Photonics Engineering Technical University of DenmarkØrsteds Plads 345ADK-2800 KgsLyngbyDenmark Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA

Near-zero index (NZI) materials, i.e., materials having a phase refractive index close to zero, are known to enhance or inhibit light-matter interactions. Most theoretical derivations of fundamental radiative processes rely on energetic considerations and detailed balance equations, but not on momentum considerations. because momentum exchange should also be incorporated into theoretical models, we investigate momentum inside the three categories of NZI materials, i.e., inside epsilon-and-mu-near-zero (EMNZ), epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and mu-near-zero (MNZ) materials. In the context of Abraham–Minkowski debate in dispersive materials, we show that Minkowski-canonical momentum of light is zero inside all categories of NZI materials while Abraham-kinetic momentum of light is zero in ENZ and MNZ materials but nonzero inside EMNZ materials. We theoretically demonstrate that momentum recoil, transfer momentum from the field to the atom and Doppler shift are inhibited in NZI materials. Fundamental radiative processes inhibition is also explained due to those momentum considerations inside three-dimensional NZI materials. Absence of diffraction pattern in slits experiments is seen as a consequence of zero Minkowski momentum. Lastly, consequence on Heisenberg inequality, microscopy applications and on the canonical momentum as generator of translations are discussed. Those findings are appealing for a better understanding of fundamental light-matter interactions at the nanoscale as well as for lasing applications.

关键词： materials. momentum Minkowski

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Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy on postnatal brain development:The potential role of glial cells

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bIOCELL 2022年第12期46卷 2517-2523页

作者： larissa DANIELE bObERMIN LARA SCOPEL MEDEIROS FERNANDA WEbER GIANCARLO TOMAZZONI DE OLIVEIRA LUCÉLIA SANTI WALTER ORLANDO bEYS-DA-SILVA CARLOS-ALbERTO GONÇALVES ANDRÉQUINCOZES-SANTOS Programa de Pós-Graduação emNeurociências Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre90050170Brazil Departamento de bioquímica Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre90035003Brazil Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre90610000Brazil Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre90035903Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação embiologia Celular eMolecular Centro de BiotecnologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501970Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências biológicas:bioquímica Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre90035003Brazil

Glial cells are crucial for maintaining central nervous system(CNS)*** actively participate in immune responses,as well as form functional barriers,such as blood-brain barrier(bbb),which restrict the entry of pathogens and inflammatory mediators into the *** general,viral infections during the gestational period can alter the embryonic and fetal environment,and the related inflammatory response may affect neurodevelopment and lead to behavioral dysfunction during later stage of life,as highlighted by our group for Zika virus *** acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)induces a cytokine storm and,during pregnancy,may be related to a more severe form of the coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19)and also to higher preterm birth ***-CoV-2 can also affect the CNS by inducing neurochemical remodeling in neural cells,which can compromise neuronal plasticity and synaptic ***,the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy on postnatal CNS,including brain development during childhood and adulthood,remains *** group has recently highlighted the impact of COVID-19 on the expression of molecular markers associated with neuropsychiatric disorders,which are strongly related to the inflammatory ***,based on these relationships,we discussed the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection either during pregnancy or in critical periods of neurodevelopment as a risk factor for neurological consequences in the offspring later in life,focusing on the potential role of glial ***,it is important to consider future and long-term public health concerns associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.

关键词： brain development Glial cells Inflammation Pregnancy SARS-CoV-2

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With newer tools for gene editing, is it time to revisit genetic therapy for cystic fibrosis?

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第2期8卷 168-180页

作者： Anuj Gupta Ankita Gupta larissa boyd barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Institution address-Garrod BuildingTurner StreetWhitechapelE12ADUnited Kingdom University of birmingham Birmingham Medical schoolEdgbastonB152TTUnited Kingdom barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Garrod BuildingTurner StreetWhitechapelE12ADUnited Kingdom

Cystic Fibrosis(CF)is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR)gene on chromosome *** abnormalities affect the chloride channels in the mucus producing epithelial cells. With these channels not working properly,water is unable to leave the cells to enter the mucus;thus,leading to sticky mucus which obstructs airways and ducts in the body.

关键词： cystic airway properly

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Portal vein ligation accelerates tumor growth in ligated,but not contralateral lobes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第30期16卷 3816-3826页

作者： Nozomu Sakai Callisia N clarke Rebecca Schuster John blanchard Amit D Tevar Michael J Edwards Alex b Lentsch Department of Surgery University of Cincinnati231 Albert Sabin WayCincinnatiOH 45267-0558United States

AIM: To investigate the mechanisms of liver growth and atrophy after portal vein ligation (PVL) and its effects on tumor growth. METHODS: Mice were subjected to PVL, partial hepatectomy, or sham surgery. The morphological alterations, activation of transcription factors, and expression of cytokines and growth factors involved in liver regeneration were evaluated. In a separate set of experiments, murine colorectal carcinoma cells were injected via the portal vein and the effect of each operation on liver tumor growth was studied. RESULTS: Liver regeneration after PVL and partial hepatectomy were very similar. In ligated lobes, various cytokines, transcription factors and regulatory factors were signifi cantly upregulated compared to nonligated lobes after PVL. Atrophy in ligated lobes was a result of early necrosis followed by later apoptosis. Tumor growth was signifi cantly accelerated in ligated compared to non-ligated ***: Tumor growth was accelerated in ligated liver lobes and appeared to be a result of increased growth factor expression.

关键词： Portal vein ligation Tumor growth Growth factor Atrophy Apoptosis

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Dendritic cells license regulatory b cells to produce IL-10 and mediate suppression of antigen-specific CD8 T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第8期17卷 843-855页

作者： Joanne boldison larissa Camargo Da Rosa Joanne Davies Li Wen F.Susan Wong Division of Infection and Immunity Cardiff University School of MedicineCardiffCF144XNUK Section of Endocrinology School of MedicineYale UniversityYaleCT06520USA

Regulatory b cells(bregs)suppress and reduce autoimmune ***,given the variety of breg subsets,the role of bregs in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes is still ***,we dissect this fundamental *** show that natural protection from type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic(NOD)mice is associated with increased numbers of IL-10-producing b cells,while development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice occurs in animals with compromised IL-10 production by b ***,b cells from diabetic mice regain IL-10 function if activated by the innate immune receptor TLR4 and can suppress insulin-specific CD8 T cells in a dendritic cell(DC)-dependent,IL-10-mediated *** of CD8 T cells is reliant on b-cell contact with *** cell contact results in deactivation of DCs,inducing a tolerogenic state,which in turn can regulate pathogenic CD8 T *** findings emphasize the importance of DC–breg interactions during the development of type 1 diabetes.

关键词： Regulatory b cells type 1 diabetes IL-10 Dendritic cells

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