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Intravenous fluid selection rationales in acute clinical management

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 13-19页

作者： Wing Yan Shirley Cheung Wai kwan Cheung Chun Ho lam Yeuk Wai Chan Hau Ching Chow Ka Lok Cheng Yau Hang Wong Chak Wah Kam Accident and Emergency Department Tuen Mun Hospital

BACKGROUND: Intravenous fluid(IVF) is commonly used in acute clinical management. This study aimed to review the choice and primary considerations in IVF prescriptions and to evaluate the adequacy of guidelines and trainings on it in the New Territories West Cluster(NTWC) of Hong ***: This is a descriptive study based on data collected from an online survey. Data were processed by SPSS for statistical analysis. This study focused on a general description and doctor-nurse between group comparison. Participants were asked the choice of IVF for nine acute clinical scenarios and provide reason. A 1–10 scale was used to assess the sufficiency of guideline, training and information, and time for revision on IVF ***: 0.9% sodium chloride was the most familiar IVF(36%), followed by 5% Dextrose solution(26%). In the nine scenarios, the most chosen IVF was 0.9% sodium chloride(37%–61%). There was significant difference in the choice of IVF between doctors and nurses in 7 cases. The second most chosen IVF for doctors was Plasma-Lyte A while that for nurses was Gelofusine. Departmental practice was the most chosen reason to account for the prescription. The adequacy of guideline, information and training, and time for revision was rated 5. Doctors had significantly more time at work than nurses to update knowledge in IVF prescription(5.41 versus 4.57).CONCLUSION: 0.9% sodium chloride was mostly chosen. The choice of IVF was mainly based on departmental practice. Adequacy of guideline, information and training, and time for revision on IVF prescription were average, indicating significant training deficit.

关键词： Intravenous fluid Acute care Resuscitation

全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS)的污染现状与研究趋势

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化学进展 2006年第6期18卷 808-813页

作者：郭睿蔡亚岐江桂斌 K S paul lam 中国科学院生态环境研究中心北京100085 香港城市大学生物化学系海洋污染和保护研究中心

全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS,perfluorooctane sulfonate)所造成的污染已经逐渐成为全球性环境问题,发达国家非常重视PFOS等全氟化合物的研究,已经成为持久性有机污染物研究的又一个热点。本文对目前PFOS研究的现状、进展,以及存在的问... 详细信息

全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS,perfluorooctane sulfonate)所造成的污染已经逐渐成为全球性环境问题,发达国家非常重视PFOS等全氟化合物的研究,已经成为持久性有机污染物研究的又一个热点。本文对目前PFOS研究的现状、进展,以及存在的问题做了简要回顾,并且对今后研究重点做了预测,希望对PFOS研究者提供参考。

关键词： PFOS 环境污染血清毒性

Novel biomarkers GEP/ABCB5 regulate response to adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization after curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第6期17卷 524-530页

作者： Charing Ching-Ning Chong Siu Tim Cheung Yue-Sun Cheung Anthony Wing-Hung Chan Stephen lam Chan Simon Chun-Ho Yu paul Bo-San Lai Department of Surgery Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong4/F Clinical Science Building30-32 Ngan Shing StreetShatinHong KongChina Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South ChinaPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong30-32 Ngan Shing StreetShatinHong KongChina Department of Clinical Oncology Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong30-32 Ngan Shing StreetShatinHong KongChina Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong30-32 Ngan Shing StreetShatinHong KongChina

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) is the most commonly used adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) after curative resection. Responses to TACE are variable due to tumor and patient heterogeneity. We had previously demonstrated that expression of Granulin-epithelin precursor(GEP) and ATP-dependent binding cassette(ABC)B5 in liver cancer stem cells was associated with chemoresistance. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between GEP/ABCB5 expression and response to adjuvant TACE after curative resection for HCC. Methods: Patients received adjuvant TACE after curative resection for HCC and patients received curative resection alone were identified from a prospectively collected database. Clinical samples were retrieved for biomarker analysis. Patients were categorized into 3 risk groups according to their GEP/ABCB5 status for survival analysis: low(GEP-/ABCB5-), intermediate(either GEP +/ABCB5-or GEP-/ABCB5 +) and high(GEP +/ABCB5 +). Early recurrence(recurrence within 2 years after resection) and disease-free survival were analyzed. Results: Clinical samples from 44 patients who had followed-up for more than 2 years were retrieved for further biomarker analysis. Among them, 18 received adjuvant TACE and 26 received surgery alone. Patients with adjuvant TACE in the intermediate risk group was associated with significantly better overall survival and 2-year disease-free survival than those who had surgery alone( P = 0.036 and P = 0.011, respectively). Adjuvant TACE did not offer any significant differences in the early recurrence rate, 2-year disease-free survival and overall survival for patients in low and high risk groups. Conclusions: Adjuvant TACE can only provide survival benefits for patients in the intermediate risk group(either GEP +/ABCB5-or GEP-/ABCB5 +). A larger clinical study is warranted to confirm its role in patient selection for adjuvant TACE.

关键词： Adjuvant therapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Drug transporter Transarterial chemoembolisation Granulin-epithelin precursor

Rapid on-site identification of hazardous organic compounds at fire scenes using person-portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)—part 1:air sampling and analysis

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第2期5卷 134-149页

作者： Rylee lam Chris Lennard Graham Kingsland paul Johnstone Andrew Symons Laura Wythes Jeremy Fewtrell David O’Brien Val Spikmans School of Science and Health Western Sydney UniversityPenrithAustralia Fire&Rescue NSW Fire Investigation and Research UnitGreenacreAustralia Operations Capability Directorate Fire&Rescue NSWGreenacreAustralia Environment Protection Science Branch Office of Environment and HeritageLidcombeAustralia Hazardous Incidents and Environmental Health Branch New South Wales Environment Protection AuthoritySydneyAustralia Strategic Capability Fire&Rescue NSWGreenacreAustralia

Recent advancements in person-portable instrumentation have resulted in the potential to provide contemporaneous results through rapid in-field *** technologies can be utilised in emergency response scenarios to aid first responders in appropriate site risk assessment and *** metropolitan fires can pose great risk to human and environmental health due to the rapid release of hazardous compounds into the *** the release of these hazardous organics is critical in understanding their associated ***-portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was evaluated for its potential to provide rapid on-site analysis for real-time monitoring of hazardous organic compounds at fire *** sampling and analysis methods were developed for scenes of this *** field testing demonstrated that the portable GC-MS was able to provide preliminary analytical results on the volatile organic compounds present in air samples collected from both active and extinguished ***-field results were confirmed using conventional laboratory-based air sampling and analysis *** deployment of portable instrumentation could provide first responders with a rapid on-site assessment tool for the appropriate management of scenes,thereby ensuring environmental and human health is proactively protected and scientifically informed decisions are made for the provision of timely advice to stakeholders.

关键词： Forensic sciences gas chromatography-mass spectrometry portable GC-MS air pollution fire volatile organic compounds field analysis needle trap

Plant Prevacuolar Compartments: Secretory Trafficking and Endocytosis

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Plant Prevacuolar Compartments: Secretory Trafficking and En...

Planning and Implementation of a Strategic Link-Achieving Sustainability Through Environmental Impact Assessment

The Second International Symposium on Plant Neurobiology

作者： Sheung kwan lam Yu Chung Tse Louse Lo Department of Biology and Molecular Biotechnology Program The Chinese University of Hong Kong ShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina Department of Biology and Molecular Biotechnology Program The Chinese University of Hong Kong ShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina Department of Biology and Molecular Biotechnology Program The Chinese University of Hong Kong ShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

＜正＞Prevacuolar compartments （PVCs） are membrane-bound organelles that mediate protein trafficking in the secretory and endocytic pathways. We have previously demonstrated that vacuolar sorting receptor （VSR） proteins concentrated on PVCs [1] and VSR-marked PVCs in tobacco BY-2 cells were multivesicular bodies （MVBs） [2], which might also involve in receptor-mediated endocytosis because MVBs

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Planning and Implementation of a Strategic Link-Achieving Su...

Ground movements due to deep excavations in Shanghai： Design charts

第四届粤港澳可持续发展研讨会

作者： Josh,lam Kam-Wai Richard,kwan Kin-Yan Executive Director ENSR Asia ENSR/MAUNSELL AECOM Group 11/F Grand Central PlazaTower 2 0138 Shatin Rural Committee RoadShatinHong Kong Manager-Environmental MTR Corporation Ltd 9 Lok King Street Fo TanShatinHong Kong

This paper presents the achievement of environmental sustainability in a strategic railway development through environmental impact assessment(EIA).The EIA process permeated all stages of the development,from planning and design to construction and operation,of the Lok Ma Chau Spur Line which provides a second rail link from Hong Kong in- to China’s *** was an initial environmental concern about its crossing ecologically important *** concern was effectively addressed in the EIA through ecological protec- tion and development of wetland compensatory measures,as a result of close collaboration of environmental and engineering professionals,as well as extensive stakeholder *** main sustainability outcomes were the protection of an ecologically important valley,as well as enhancement of a 37 ha wetland for long term *** wetland has since been widely used as a showcase for conservation and educational purposes,and is the site of a spectacular increase in endangered *** sustainability initiatives include wastewater manage- ment using reedbeds and effective noise control through a multi-plenum *** Spur Line case provides an important reference model for infrastructural projects with similar challen- ges,particularly for projects in culturally,economically and geographically similar contexts such as Guangdong and Macau.

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2014年第3期8卷 201-236页

作者： Malcolm D. BOLTON Sze-Yue lam paul J. VARDANEGA Charles W. W. NG Xianfeng MA Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1PZ United Kingdom Advanced Geomechanics Perth Western Australia 6009 Australia Department of Civil Engineering University of Br&tol Bristol BS8 1TR United Kingdom Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Tong/i University Shanghai 200092China

Recent research has clarified the sequence of ground deformation mechanisms that manifest themselves when excavations are made in soft ground. Furthermore, a new framework to describe the deformability of clays in the working stress range has been devised using a large database of previously published soil tests. This paper aims to capitalize on these advances, by analyzing an expanded database of ground movements associated with braced excavations in Shanghai. It is shown that conventional design charts fail to take account either of the characteristics of soil deformability or the relevant deformation mechanisms, and therefore introduce significant scatter. A new method of presentation is found which provides a set of design charts that clarify the influence of soil deformability, wall stiffness, and the geometry of the excavation in relation to the depth of soft ground.

关键词： Shanghai excavations mobilizable strength design dimensionless groups design charts

Anaerobic bacteria and intrahepatic stones: detections of Clostridium sp. and Bacteroides fragilis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2000年第9期113卷 90-93页

作者： LIU Yanlei Kan lam Yajarayma J Tang paul H Gumerlock Dong Ki Lee Myung Hwa Kim Sum P Lee Joseph SilvaJr Joseph W Leung Division of Gastroenterology and Mr & MrsCWLaw Biofilm Research Center University of CaliforniaDavis MedicalCenterSacramentoCA95817USA

To detect anaerobic bacteria Clostridium sp . and Bacteroides fragilis in intrahepatic stones by molecular genetic method Methods DNA was extracted from 59 stone samples and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Clostridium sp . and the glutamine synthetase gene of Bacteroides fragilis single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was performed to identify the Clostridium sp Results 16S rRNA gene sequences for Clostridium sp. were identified in 49 stones (83%, 49/59) The two most common groups were detected in 19 (41%) and 17 (37%) of the 46 samples using SSPC analysis, and 25/59 (42%) stones were tested positive for Bacteroides fragilis Conclusions Anaerobes such as Clostridium sp and Bacteroides fragilis present in intrahepatic stones and may play a role in stone formation PCR is a useful technique to detect fastidious pathogens, which are difficult to culture SSCP of PCR products is a rapid method in differentiating bacterial species

关键词： intrahepatic stone anaerobic bacteria PCR single-strand confromational polymorphism

MELAS, MIDD and Beyond: m.3243A>G MT-TL1 Mutation in Adult Patients

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第7期7卷 487-495页

作者： Bun Sheng Man Kei Fong Wing kwan Ng Sammy Pak lam Chen Chloe Miu Mak Department of Medicine & Geriatrics Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Pathology Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong China

m.3243A>G MT-TL1 mutation is the most common mitochondrial DNA mutation that results in a wide spectrum of disorders in a maternally inherited pedigree. In adult patients, many present with symptoms and signs indistinguishable from acquired diseases and the correct diagnosis is often delayed after many years. Nevertheless, clues suggesting m.3243A>G usually exist early in the disease course but are only realized late. These hints, from the evolution of symptoms and signs, family background, investigation results, or a combination of these, enable the physician to make the correct diagnosis early, which is important for appropriate treatment and better patient care. As with other inheritable diseases, genetic counselling should be offered regarding the disease management, inheritance mode, recurrence risk, usefulness and limitations of genetic testing and reproductive options.

关键词： Mitochondrial Disease MELAS m.3243A>G