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Chained Dual-Generative Adversarial Network:A Generalized Defense Against Adversarial Attacks

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2541-2555页

作者： Amitoj Bir Singh lalit kumar awasthi Urvashi Mohammad Shorfuzzaman Abdulmajeed Alsufyani Mueen Uddin National Institute of Technology JalandharPB 144001India Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia School of Digital Science University Brunei DarussalamJln Tungku LinkGadongBE1410Brunei Darussalam

Neural networks play a significant role in the field of image *** an input image is modified by adversarial attacks,the changes are imperceptible to the human eye,but it still leads to misclassification of the *** have demonstrated these attacks to make production self-driving cars misclassify StopRoad signs as 45 Miles Per Hour(MPH)road signs and a turtle being misclassified as *** primary types of defense approaches exist which can safeguard against such attacks i.e.,Gradient Masking,Robust Optimization,and Adversarial Example *** few approaches use Generative Adversarial Networks(GAN)for Defense against Adversarial *** this paper,we create a new approach to defend against adversarial attacks,dubbed Chained Dual-Generative Adversarial Network(CD-GAN)that tackles the defense against adversarial attacks by minimizing the perturbations of the adversarial image using iterative oversampling and undersampling using ***-GAN is created using two GANs,i.e.,CDGAN’s Sub-ResolutionGANandCDGAN’s *** first is CDGAN’s Sub-Resolution GAN which takes the original resolution input image and oversamples it to generate a lower resolution neutralized *** second is CDGAN’s Super-Resolution GAN which takes the output of the CDGAN’s Sub-Resolution and undersamples,it to generate the higher resolution image which removes any remaining *** Dual GAN is formed by chaining these two GANs *** of these GANs are trained ***’s Sub-Resolution GAN is trained using higher resolution adversarial images as inputs and lower resolution neutralized images as output image ***,this GAN downscales the image while removing adversarial attack ***’s Super-Resolution GAN is trained using lower resolution adversarial images as inputs and higher resolution neutralized images as output *** of this,it acts as an Upscaling GAN while removing the adversarial a

关键词： Adversarial attacks GAN-based adversarial defense image classification models adversarial defense

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A Distributed Weighted Cluster Based Routing Protocol for MANETs

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Wireless Sensor Network 2011年第2期3卷 54-60页

作者： Naveen Chauhan lalit kumar awasthi Narottam Chand Vivek Katiyar Ankit Chugh 不详

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are a form of wireless networks which do not require a base station for providing network connectivity. Many MANETs’ characteristics that distinguish MANETs from other wireless networks also make routing a challenging task. Cluster based routing is a MANET routing schemes in which various clusters of mobile nodes are formed with each cluster having its own clusterhead which is responsible for routing among clusters. In this paper we propose and implement a distributed weighted clustering algorithm for MANETs. This approach is based on combined weight metric that takes into account several system parameters like the node degree, transmission range, energy and mobility of the nodes. We have evaluated the performance of the proposed scheme through simulation in various network situations. Simulation results show that improved distributed weighted clustering algorithm (DWCAIMP) outperforms the original distributed weighted clustering algorithm (DWCA).

关键词： MANETs Clustering Routing Wireless Communication Distributed Clustering

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Prospects to the formation and control of potential dimer impurity E of pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2019年第3期9卷 170-177页

作者： Arun kumar awasthi lalit kumar Punit Tripathi Madhava Golla Cirandur Suresh Reddy Pramod kumar Micro Labs Ltd. Chemical Research Department API R&D Centre Plot No. 43-45 KIADB IVth Phase Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road Anekal Taluk Bangalore 560105 Karnataka India Department of Chemistry Sri Venkateswara University Tirupati 517502 Andhra Pradesh India

Pantoprazole sodium, a substituted benzimidazole derivative, is an irreversible proton pump inhibitor which is primarily used for the treatment of duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The monographs of European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) and United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) specify six impurities, viz.;impurities A, B, C, D, E and F, respectively for its active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The identification and synthesis of all impurities except impurity E are well described in the literature;however, there is no report related to impurity E. The prospects to the formation and controlling of impurity E up to -0.03% in the synthesis of pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate (PAN) were discussed in detail for the first time. The present work described the journey towards the successful development of an optimal preparation procedure of dimer impurity E. The most plausible mechanism involved in the formation of impurity E has been proposed.

关键词： Pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate Impurity E Oxidation Enrichment Column chromatography Characterization HPLC

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Experimental and numerical evaluation of multidirectional compressive and flexure behavior of three-dimensional printed concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 1643-1661页

作者： lalit kumar Dhrutiman DEY Biranchi PANDA Nelson MUTHU Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiAssam 781039India

Three-dimensional concrete printing(3DCP)can proliferate the industrialization of the construction sector,which is notoriously conservative and indolent toward ***,the mechanical behavior of 3DCP should be characterized and modeled considering the interfaces when its performance is thoroughly compared to that of the existing concrete construction *** study presents an experimental and numerical investigation of uniaxial compression and three-point bending(TPB)tests on extruded 3DCP beams in different loading *** orientation of translational and depositional interfaces with respect to the direction of loading influenced the *** the elastic and post-damage behavior of the 3DCP specimens were compared with those of the conventionally cast specimen under quasi-static loading *** the higher compressive strength of the casted specimen,the flexural strength of the 3DCP specimens was *** study employed the finite element and cohesive zone models of the appropriate calibrated traction-separation law to model fracture in the notched TPB ***,the real-time acoustic emission test revealed the nature of failure phenomenon of three-dimensional-printed specimens under flexion,and accordingly,the cohesive law was *** predicted load-displacement responses are in good agreement with the experimental ***,the effects of cohesive thickness and notch shape on the performance under bending were explored through parametric studies.

关键词： three-dimensional printing anisotropy flexure compression cohesive zone model finite element model

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Propagation of waves over a rugged topography

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2022年第1期7卷 14-28页

作者： Mohammad Saud Afzal lalit kumar Department of civil engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpurIndia

The propagation of waves in shallow waters is affected by the bottom topography unlike deep water waves of the coastal *** to the interaction of the wave with bed topography,the wave transformation processes ***,diffraction,shoaling,and breaking are the wave transforma-tion processes that occur in the coastal *** significant wave height over rugged topography is a standardized statistics to denote the characteristic height of the random waves in a sea ***-fore,the objective of the present study is to predict the significant wave height over rugged *** SWAN standalone and SWAN DHH platform are used to predict significant wave height over rugged topography in Mehamn harbour,*** SWAN model results are almost similar to the lab data of Vold and Lothe(2009)for all the 22 scenarios at all the output ***,the four cases reported by Taehun(2011)and lab data from Vold and Lothe(2009)for that four cases are compared with the SWAN model *** is observed that the SWAN model results are much closer to the lab data of Vold and Lothe(2009).

关键词： Wave propagation SWAN Bathymetry Significant wave height and Peak wave period

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Cervical cancer:a tale from HPV infection to PARP inhibitors

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1445-1456页

作者： Minakshi Mann Vikram Pratap Singh lalit kumar Department of Medical Oncology Dr.B.R.A.Institute Rotary Cancer HospitalAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Department of Oncoanaesthesia and Palliative Medicine Dr.B.R.A.Institute Rotary Cancer HospitalAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Epigenetics Section Mouse Cancer Genetics ProgramCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMD 21702USA

Globally,cervical cancer(CxCa)ranks 4th common cancer among females and led to 569,847 incidences and 311,365 deaths in 2018.80%of CxCa cases occur due to persistent infection with a high-risk subtype of human papillomavirus(HPV-16 and 18).Smoking,high par-ity,and co-infection with type 2 herpes simplex or HIV are other known risk factors for *** histological subtypes are squamous(70%)and adenocarcinoma(25%).Presently,concur-rent radiation plus cisplatin(CDDP)-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for CxCa ***,CDDP resistance and toxic side effects limit its efficacy,leading to a poorer response rate and an expected overall survival ranging from 10 to 17.5 *** drug uptake,increased DNA damage repair,increased CDDP inactivation,and overexpressed Bcl-2 or caspase inhibition,are primarily accountable mechanisms for CDDP resistance and improving CDDP’s efficacy remains the major ***(ADP-ribosyl)polymerase-1,an effective mediator of nucleotide excision repair pathway,is involved in DNA repair as well as maintaining genomic stability and is significantly expressed in malignant lymphomas,hepa-tocellular-,cervical-and colorectal carcinoma,which has been approved effective in mainte-nance therapy and may serve as an effective target to enhance CDDP sensitivity in ***,we summarize the etiology and epidemiology of and treatment for CxCa,the mechanism responsible for chemotherapy resistance,PARP inhibitor as a possible therapy for CxCa,and other possible chemotherapeutic options for CxCa treatment.

关键词： Cervical cancer Chemotherapy Cisplatin Disease etiology and histology PARP inhibitors Resistance

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Computational fluid dynamics modeling of abutment scour under steady current using the level set method

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2020年第4期35卷 355-364页

作者： Mohammad Saud Afzal Hans Bihs lalit kumar Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology

The scour and deposition pattern around an abutment under constant discharge condition is calculated using a three dimensional(3D) Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) *** Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes(RANS) equations are solved in three dimensions using a CFD *** Level Set Method(LSM) is used for calculation of both free surface and bed *** two-equation turbulence model(k-ε and k-ω) is used to calculate the eddy viscosity in the RANS *** pressure term in the RANS equations on a staggered grid is modeled using the Chorin’s projection *** 5th order Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory(WENO) scheme discretizes the convective term of the RANS *** Kovacs and Parker and Dey formulations are used for the reduction in bed shear stress on the sloping *** model also used the sandslide algorithm which limits bed shear stress reduction during the erosion *** numerical model solution is validated against experimental results collected at the Politecnico di Milano,Milan,*** r,the numerical model is tested for perfo rmance by varying the grid sizes and key parameters like the space and time discretization *** effect of varying bed porosity has been ***,the free surface is well represented in a realistic manner and bed topography is well predicted using the Level Set Method(LSM).

关键词： Sediment transport Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes(RANS) Level Set Method(LSM) Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory(WENO) Total Variation Diminishing(TVD)

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E-Learning during COVID-19 Outbreak: Cloud Computing Adoption in Indian Public Universities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2471-2492页

作者： Amit kumar Bhardwaj lalit Garg Arunesh Garg Yuvraj Gajpal L.M.Thapar School of Management Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyDera BassiPunjabIndia Faculty of Information&Communication Technology University of MaltaMsidaMSD2080Malta Supply Chain Management Asper School of BusinessUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegCanada

In the COVID-19 pandemic situation,the need to adopt cloud computing(CC)applications by education institutions,in general,and higher education(HE)institutions,in particular,has especially increased to engage students in an online mode and remotely carrying out *** adoption of CC across various sectors,including HE,has been picking momentum in the developing countries in the last few *** the Indian context,the CC adaptation in the HE sector(HES)remains a less thoroughly explored sector,and no comprehensive study is reported in the ***,the aim of the present study is to overcome this research vacuum and examine the factors that impact the CC adoption(CCA)by HE institutions(HEIs)in *** scope of the study is limited to public universities(PUs)in *** are,in total,465 Indian PUs and among these 304 PUs,(i.e.,65%PUs)are surveyed using questionnaire-based *** study has put forth a novel integrated technology adoption framework consisting of the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM),Technology-Organization-Environment(TOE),and Diffusion of Innovation(DOI)in the context of the *** integrated TAM-TOE-DOI framework is utilized in the study to analyze eleven hypotheses concerning factors of CCA that have been tested using structural equation modelling(SEM)and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA).The findings reveal that competitive advantage(CA),technology compatibility(TC),technology readiness(TR),senior leadership support,security concerns,government support,and vendor support are the significant contributing factors of CCA by Indian *** study contends that whereas the rest of the factors positively affect the PUs’intention towards CCA,security concerns are a significant reason for the reluctance of these universities against adopting *** findings demonstrated the application of an integrated TAM-TOE-DOI framework to assess determining factors of CCA in Indian ***,the study has given useful insights into the suc

关键词： Cloud computing higher education institutions public universities adoption techniques TAM TOE DOI structural equation modeling(SEM)

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Study of locust bean gum reinforced cyst-chitosan and oxidized dextran based semi-IPN cryogel dressing for hemostatic application

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Bioactive Materials 2018年第3期3卷 370-384页

作者： lalit kumar Meena Pavani Raval Dhaval Kedaria Rajesh Vasita School of Life Sciences Central University of GujaratSector-30Gandhinagar 382030India Government Engineering College Sector-28Gandhinagar 382028India

Severe blood loss due to traumatic injuries remains one of the leading causes of death in emergency *** continues to be the candidate material for hemostatic applications due to its inherent hemostatic ***,available chitosan-based dressings have been reported to have an acidic odor at the wound site due to the incorporation of acid based solvents for their fabrication and deformation under compression owing to low mechanical strength limiting its *** the present study semi-IPN cryogel was fabricated via Schiff's base cross-linking between the polyaldehyde groups of oxidized dextran and thiolated chitosan in presence of locust bean gum(LBG)known for its *** at12C yielded macroporous semi-IPN cryogels with an average pore size of 124.57±20.31 mm and 85.46%*** hydrophobicity index of LBG reinforced semi-IPN cryogel was reduced 2.42 times whereas the swelling ratio was increased by 156.08%compare to control *** increased hydrophilicity and swelling ratio inflated the compressive modulus from 28.1 kPa to 33.85 for LBG reinforced semi-IPN *** structural stability and constant degradation medium pH were also recorded over a period of 12 *** cryogels demonstrated lower adsorption affinity towards *** cytotoxicity assays(direct,indirect)with 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells confirmed the cytocompatibility of the *** hemolysis assay showed<5%hemolysis confirming blood compatibility of the fabricated cryogel,while whole blood clotting and platelet adhesion assays confirmed the hemostatic potential of semi-IPN cryogel.

关键词： Chitosan Oxidized dextran Locust bean gum Cryogel Hemostasis

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Impact of three dimensional printing in orthopedics

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Global Health Journal 2021年第4期5卷 178-182页

作者： lalit kumar Abid Haleem Mohd.Javaid Department of Mechanical Engineering Inderprastha Engineering College63 SiteⅣSahibabad Industrial AreaSurya Nagar Flyover Road SahibabadGhaziabadUttar Pradesh 201010India Department of Mechanical Engineering Jamia Millia IslamiaMaulana Mohammed Ali Jauhar MargJamia NagarNew Delhi 110025India

The primary objective of this article is to explore effects of latest development in the area of three dimensional(3D)printing&to assess its abilities,and further undertake helpful *** the focus is to assess ad vantages of 3D printing in orthopedics and analyze how 3D printed models help solve complex 3D orthopedics *** study identified that 3D models manufactured by 3D printing models reduce medical parts de velopment cost and surgical planning *** 3D printing with orthopaedics helps in understanding the conditions of problems and achieving the operation *** technology can enable doctors/surgeons to design,produce,recreate and plan operations more accurately,carefully,and economicaly.3D models can assist specialists with a visual comprehension of the patient-particular pathology and life *** in 3D printing initiated a scaffold for the virtual outline and execution of medical *** research proposes the utilisation of 3D printers as an elective procedure for the fabrication of *** empowers surgeons/patients for better raining,education and *** the future,there is a foreseeable expansion of additive manufacturing in orthopedics.

关键词： Three dimensional(3D)printing 3D model Future capabilities Medical implant Orthopedics

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