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Trait plasticity, not values, best corresponds with woodland plant success in novel and manipulated habitats

Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第3期6卷 201-210页

作者： Robert J.Warren II Jeffrey K.lake Department of Biology SUNY Buffalo State1300 Elmwood AvenueBuffaloNY 14222USA Department of Biology Adrian CollegeAdrianMI49221USA

Aims The clustering of plants with similar leaf traits along environmental gradients may arise from adaptation as well as acclimation to het-erogeneous habitat *** the forces that shape plant leaf traits requires both linking variation in trait morphology with abiotic gradients and linking that trait variation with plant per-formance under varying abiotic *** the spectrum of plant types,shade-tolerant evergreen herbs are relatively low in trait plasticity,compared to deciduous and sun-adapted *** plants employ stress-tolerant strategies for survival,which coincide with relatively static trait morphologies,slow growth and hence a lower ability to adjust to changing environmental *** We investigate how the survival of two ecologically similar under-story evergreen species,Asarum arifolium and Hepatica nobilis,cor-responds with variation in six commonly measured functional traits(leaf area,specific leaf area,plant height,leaf number,leaf length and shoot mass)along natural and experimental abiotic *** examine temporal(the period 2007-9)and spatial(100 km)variations in these traits after(i)translocating 576 plants across a span from the southerm Appalachian Mountains in NC,USA,to the Piedmont,GA,USA,which includes north-and south-facing slope habitats and(ii)the experimental manipulation of diffuse light and soil *** findings We find that when translocated into a novel habitats,with novel environmental conditions that often are more extreme than the source habitat,both species appear capable of considerable mor-phological acclimation and generally converge to similar trait *** nobilis does not exhibit mean trait values particu-larly different from those of ***,but it demonstrates much greater phenotypic *** results indicate that relatively conservative plant species nonetheless acclimate and survive across heterogeneous environmental conditions.

关键词： Functional traits Asarum arifolium Hepatica nobilis niche specific leaf area understory

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Seasonal variation of potential denitrification rates of surface sediment from Meiliang Bay, Taihu lake, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第7期22卷 961-967页

作者： Jicheng Zhong, Chengxin Fan, Guofeng Liu, Lei Zhang, Jingge Shang, Xiaozhi GuState Key Laboratory of lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China. State Key Laboratory of lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 Chin

The regulatory effects of environmental factors on denitrification were studied in the sediments of Meiliang Bay, Talhu lake, in a monthly sampling campaign over a one-year period. Denitrification rates were measured in slurries of field samples and enrichment experiments using the acetylene inhibition technique. Sediment denitrification rates in inner bay and outer bay ranged from 2.8 to 51.5 nmol N2/（g dw （dry weight）·hr） and from 1.5 to 81.1 nmol N2/（g dw·hr）, respectively. Sediment denitrification rates were greatest in the spring and lowest in the summer and early autumn, due primarily to seasonal differences in nitrate concentration and water temperature. For each site, positive and linear relationships were regularly observed between denitrification rate and water column nitrate concentration. Of various environmental factors on denitrification that we assessed, nitrate was determined to be the key factor limiting denitrification rates in the sediments of Meiliang Bay. In addition, at the two sites denitrification rates were also regulated by temperature. The addition of organic substrates had no significant effect on denitrification rate, indicating that sediment denitrification was not limited by organic carbon availability in the sediments. Nitrate in the water column was depleted during summer and early autumn, and this suppressed effective removal of nitrogen from Taihu lake by denitrification.

关键词： denitrification sediment environmental factors Taihu lake

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Phosphorus forms and distribution in the sediments of Poyang lake,China

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2011年第2期26卷 230-238页

作者： XIANG Su-lin and ZHOU Wen-bin 1 Lecturer,Key Lab of Poyang lake Ecology and Bio-resource Utilization,Ministry of Education,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047,China and Department of Environmental Engineering,East China JiaoTong University,Nanchang 330013,China, 2 Prof,Key Lab of Poyang lake Ecology and Bio-resource Utilization,Ministry of Education,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047,China Lecturer Key Lab of Poyang Lake Ecology and Bio-resource Utilization Ministry of Education Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China and Department of Environmental Engineering East China JiaoTong University Nanchang 330013 China Prof. Key Lab of Poyang Lake Ecology and Bio-resource Utilization Ministry of Education Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China

The forms and distribution of phosphorus in the sediments of Poyang lake were studied using chemical extraction methods to understand the potential release and adsorption of *** results showed that phosphorus in the sediments mainly consisted of inorganic phosphorous species, including iron bound phosphorus,calcium bound phosphorus,aluminium bound phosphorus and dissolved phosphorus,as well as organic phosphorous *** spatial distribution of phosphorus species in surface sediments showed a decreasing trend from the outlet to the entrance of Poyang *** content of total phosphorus in the surface sediments ranged from 688.29 to 825.36 mg/kg, and inorganic phosphorous was the major phosphorus *** bound phosphorus was the dominant form of inorganic phosphorous,accounting for greater than 40%of the total phosphorus, while calcium bound phosphorus and aluminium bound phosphorus accounted for more than 20%, and dissolved phosphorus accounted for less than 5%.The content of organic phosphorus in surface sediments was lower,accounting for less than 15%.Total phosphorus was positively correlated with iron bound phosphorus,aluminium bound phosphorus,calcium bound phosphorus and organic phosphorous,while organic phosphorous was positively correlated with iron bound phosphorus and aluminium bound phosphorus,but only weakly related to calcium bound *** all six sites, the contents of total phosphorus and phosphorus forms in the core sediments obviously decreased with depth,while they were significantly enriched in the surface *** total phosphorus and phosphorus forms contents were significantly higher in the upper layers and had a tendency to decrease toward the bottom of the core,regardless of the phosphorus *** addition,the average contents of total phosphorus and various phosphorus forms decreased rapidly with sediment depth from 0-20 cm,and then decreased slightly from 20-30 cm.

关键词： Poyang lake Phosphorus forms Distribution characteristics Sediment

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New progress of lake sediments and environmental changes research in China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第19期44卷 1744-1754页

作者： WANG Sumin and ZHANG ZhenkeLaboratory of lake Sediment and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China Department of Geography and Oceanology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China Laboratory of lake Sediment and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Department of Geography and Oceanology Nanjing University Nanjing China

Environmental change recorded by lake sediments is one of the important branches of the past global changes study. The new progress of lake sediments and environmental changes in China since the late 1980s has been comprehensively discussed. The highlights emphasized are Asian paleomonsoon migration reflected by lake level fluctuation, uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau recorded by lacustrine sediments, saltlake sediments and

关键词： lake sediments environmental change.

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Apolipoprotein B100 quality control and the regulation of hepatic very low density lipoprotein secretion

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2014年第3期28卷 178-193页

作者： Eric Fisher Elizabeth lake Roger S McLeod Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Faculty of MedicineDalhousie University

Apolipoprotein B （apoB） is the main protein component of very low density lipoprotein （VLDL） and is necessary for the assembly and secretion of these triglyceride （TG）-rich particles. Following release from the liver, VLDL is converted to low density lipoprotein （LDL） in the plasma and increased production of VLDL can therefore play a detrimental role in cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence has helped to establish VLDL assembly as a target for the treatment of dyslipidemias. Multiple factors are involved in the folding of the apoB protein and the formation of a secretion-competent VLDL particle. Failed VLDL assembly can initiate quality control mechanisms in the hepatocyte that target apoB for degradation. ApoB is a substrate for endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation （ERAD） by the ubiquitin proteasome system and for autophagy. Efficient targeting and disposal of apoB is a regu- lated process that modulates VLDL secretion and partitioning of TG. Emerging evidence suggests that significant overlap exists between these degradative pathways. For example, the insulin-mediated targeting of apoB to autop- hagy and postprandial activation of the unfolded protein response （UPR） may employ the same cellular machinery and regulatory cues. Changes in the quality control mechanisms for apoB impact hepatic physiology and pathology states, including insulin resistance and fatty liver. Insulin signaling, lipid metabolism and the hepatic UPR may impact VLDL production, particularly during the postprandial state. In this review we summarize our current understanding of VLDL assembly, apoB degradation, quality control mechanisms and the role of these processes in liver physiology and in pathologic states.

关键词： apolipoprotein B very low density lipoprotein proteasome ubiquitin autophagy steatosis

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Genetic approach to track neural cell fate decisions using human embryonic stem cells

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Protein & Cell 2014年第1期5卷 69-79页

作者： Xuemei Fu Zhili Rong Shengyun Zhu Xiaocheng Wang Yang Xu Blue B. lake Shenzhen Children's Hospital Shenzhen 518026 China Section of Molecular Biology Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive LaJolla CA 92093-0322 USA

With their capability to undergo unlimited self-renewal and to differentiate into all cell types in the body, human embryonic stem cells （hESCs） hold great promise in human cell therapy. However, there are limited tools for easily identifying and isolating live hESC-derived cells. To track hESC-derived neural progenitor cells （NPCs）, we applied homologous recombination to knock-in the mCherry gene into the Nestin locus of hESCs. This facilitated the genetic labeling of Nestin positive neural progenitor cells with mCherry. Our reporter system enables the visualization of neural induction from hESCs both in vitro （embryoid bodies） and in vivo （ter- atomas）. This system also permits the identification of different neural subpopulations based on the intensity of our fluorescent reporter. In this context, a high level of mCherry expression showed enrichment for neural progenitors, while lower mCherry corresponded with more committed neural states. Combination of mCherry high expression with cell surface antigen staining enabled further enrichment of hESC-derived NPCs. These mCherry＊ NPCs could be expanded in culture and their differentiation resulted in a down-regulation of mCherry consistent with the loss of Nestin expression. Therefore, we have developed a fluorescent reporter system that can be used to trace neural differentiation events of hESCs.

关键词： Nestin knock-in human embryonic stemcells neural progenitor cells

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Extra-hepatic manifestations associated with hepatitis E virus infection:a comprehensive review of the literature

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第1期4卷 1-15,I0001页

作者： Fateh Bazerbachi Samir Haffar Sushil K Garg John R lake Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of DamascusDamascusSyrian Arab Republic

Background and aims:Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is a significant public health problem that afflicts almost 20 million individuals annually and causes acute liver injury in 3.5 million,with approximately 56000 *** with other viral hepatitides,extra-hepatic manifestations could represent an important aspect of this *** spectrum of these manifestations is still *** pancreatitis and neurological,musculoskeletal,hematological,renal,and other immune-mediated manifestations have been *** aim of this article is to comprehensively review the published literature of extra-hepatic manifestations associated with HEV *** sources:We searched the PubMed database using the MeSH term“hepatitis E”and each of the extra-hepaticmanifestations associated with HEV *** language or date restrictions were set in these *** retrieving articles with non-A,non-B hepatitis were *** articles were identified through the reference lists of included ***:Several extra-hepatic manifestations associated with HEV infection have been *** temporal association between some extra-hepatic manifestations and HEV infection and the exclusion of other possible etiologies suggests that HEV infection could have caused some of *** to the available data,HEV infection appears to be strongly associated with acute pancreatitis,neurological disorders(with primarily dominant peripheral nerve involvement,most commonly manifested as Guillain-Barre´syndrome,followed by neuralgic amyotrophy),hematological diseases(hemolytic anemia due to glucose phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency,and severe thrombocytopenia),glomerulonephritis,and mixed *** data are needed to clarify whether an association exists with musculoskeletal or other immunemediated ***:HEV infection should be considered in patients with acute pancreatitis,Guillain-Barre´syndrome,neuralgic amyotrophy,hem

关键词： hepatitis E virus viral hepatitis extra-hepatic manifestations vaccine primary prevention

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Palaeoclihlatic Indicators of China's Quaternary Saline lake Sediments and Hydrochemistry

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第2期74卷 259-265页

作者： ZHENG Mianping, ZHAO Yuanyi and LIU JunyingResearch & Development Center of Saline lake and Epithermal Deposits,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037

In this paper the authors classify saline lake sediments into the cold, warm and eurythermal phases, reveal the consistency between the zoning of hydrochemical types of modern saline lake water and climatic zoning and give climatic parameters under the conditions of typical cold phase (mirabilite and natron), warm phase (thenar-dite) and slightly warm phase (bloedite) saline lake deposition.

关键词： Saline lake sediments hydrochemistry palaeoclimatic indicator Quaternary

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NEW DISCOVERY OF YUNNANOLEPIDS-HETEROYUN-NANOLEPIS QUJINCENSIS (GEN. ET SP. NOV.)

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1994年第1期 30-31页

作者： Wang Zhongshan (Institute of Salt lake, Academia Sinica Xining, Qinghai 810008)

The present paper deals with a new antiarch- Heteroyunnanolepis qujingensis gen. et sp. nov., collected from the Lower Devonian of Cuifengshan, Qujing, Yunnan in 1990. Only external or internal molds are preserved and available for study,the new genus is attributed to Yunnanolepidae mainly in the light of general similarity to the previously described forms of the family, in particular, axial joint without brachial process, pattern of skull-roof.

关键词： Qujing,Yunnan Lower Devonian yunnanolepids homology

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The Evolution of the Quaternary Salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1994年第1期68卷 71-82页

作者： Wei Xinjun and Jiang Jixue Qinghai Research Institute of Salt lake Exploration and Exploitation, Golmud, Q inghai Qinghai Research Institute of Salt lake Exploration and Exploitation Golmud Qinghai

The paper discusses the distribution of Quaternary sediments, occurrence of saline minerals and phases of neotectonic movements and their manifestations in the Qaidam basin. The formation of four successive lacustrine terraces in Tertiary anticlinal zones in the western part of the basin was related to the neotectonic movements that took place 100 Ka ago, and the distribution of such terraces discloses, in a way. the evolutionary history of the Quaternary salt lakes. According to the distribution of the terraces coupled with the distribution of Quaternary sediments and features of salt deposition, four periods of Quaternary salt lake evolution in the basin may be distinguished, which correspond to four stages of salt deposition respectively.

关键词： neotectonic movement lacustrine terrace salt lake evolution dismembering of the ancient lake

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