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Tree community composition,structure and diversity along an elevational gradient in an Andean forest of Northern Ecuador

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第9期18卷 2315-2327页

作者： JIMÉNEZ-pAZ Rosa WORTHY Samantha J VALENCIA Renato pÉREZÁlvaro J reynolds Alex BARONE John A BURGESS Kevin S laboratorio de Ecología de plantas Escuela de Ciencias BiológicasFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesPontificia Universidad Católica del EcuadorQuito 17-01-2184Ecuador Department of Biology College of Letters&SciencesColumbus State UniversityColumbusGeorgia 31907USA Herbario QCA Escuela de Ciencias BiológicasFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesPontificia Universidad Católica del EcuadorQuito 17-01-2184Ecuador The Lovett School AtlantaGeorgia 30327USA

The Andean forests of northern Ecuador are known for their high levels of plant diversity relative to the area they ***,these forests grow on steep slopes that lead to dramatic habitat gradients across short *** extreme habitat gradients make the Andean forest ecosystem an excellent natural laboratory for understanding the effect of elevation on forest community diversity,structure and *** established 31 plots(50 m×5 m)which are divided between two elevational transects in the cloud forest of the Siempre Verde Reserve in the western foothills of the Andes Mountains of northern *** trees and tree ferns with a diameter at breast height(dbh)≥5 cm were measured and *** examined changes in community composition,structure,and diversity along and between the elevational transects and three elevational zones:low(2437–2700 m),middle(2756–3052 m),and high(3163–3334 m).We found four main trends associated with the elevational gradients at this site:(1)community composition differed between the two transects and among the three elevational zones according to N-MDS,ANOSIM,and percentage of shared species,with some species having limited distributions,(2)metrics of community structure showed opposite relationships with elevation,depending on the transect,with the only significant relationship(negative)found between basal area and elevation in the open trail transect,(3)alpha diversity,in general,peaked at mid-elevations,and(4)beta diversity consistently increased with distance between plots along *** complexity of changes in community composition,structure,and alpha diversity along elevation may be related to the heterogeneity of the environment on a local scale,such as topography,soil composition,and even human impact,or to dispersal limitation and should be investigated *** changes in community composition and the relatively high beta diversity found at this site exemplify the biological complexity of mon

关键词： Elevational gradient Cloud forest Andes Structure Composition Diversity

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An Exploration of Deep-Learning Based phenotypic Analysis to Detect Spike Regions in Field Conditions for UK Bread Wheat

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plant phenomics 2019年第1期1卷 162-178页

作者： Tahani Alkhudaydi Daniel reynolds Simon Griffiths Ji Zhou Beatriz de la Iglesia University of East Anglia Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR47TJUK University of Tabuk Faculty of Computers&ITTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Earlham Institute Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UZUK John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UHUK plant phenomics Research Center China-UK Plant Phenomics Research CentreNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Wheat is one of the major crops in the world,with a global demand expected to reach 850 million tons by 2050 that is clearly outpacing current *** continual pressure to sustain wheat yield due to the world’s growing population under fluctuating climate conditions requires breeders to increase yield and yield stability across *** are working to integrate deep learning into field-based phenotypic analysis to assist breeders in this *** have utilised wheat images collected by distributed CropQuant phenotyping workstations deployed for multiyear field experiments of UK bread wheat *** on these image series,we have developed a deep-learning based analysis pipeline to segment spike regions from complicated *** a first step towards robust measurement of key yield traits in the field,we present a promising approach that employ Fully Convolutional Network(FCN)to performsemantic segmentation of images to segment wheat spike *** also demonstrate the benefits of transfer learning through the use of parameters obtained from other image *** found that the FCN architecture had achieved a Mean classification Accuracy(MA)>82%on validation data and>76%on test data and Mean Intersection over Union value(MIoU)>73%on validation data and and>64%on test *** this phenomics research,we trust our attempt is likely to form a sound foundation for extracting key yield-related traits such as spikes per unit area and spikelet number per spike,which can be used to assist yield-focused wheat breeding objectives in near future.

关键词： Wheat breeding crops

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performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATlaS detector

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Chinese physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.p.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert p. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores p.p. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei S.p. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani p.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea p. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin p. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak M. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow p. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATlaS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the large Hadron Collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATlaS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATlaS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATlaS JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

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Application of Smooth particle Hydrodynamics Method for Modelling Blood Flow with Thrombus Formation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第3期122卷 831-862页

作者： M.Al-Saad C.A.Suarez A.Obeidat S.p.A.Bordas S.Kulasegaram School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK. Department of Engineering Institute of Computational EngineeringUniversity of LuxembourgMaison du Nombre6 Avenue de la Fonte4364 Esch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg. Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan. Aix Marseille Université CNRSCentraleMarseilleLMAMarseilleFrance.

Thrombosis plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis or in haemostasis when a blood vessel is *** article focuses on using a meshless particle-based lagrangian numerical technique,the smoothed particles hydrodynamic(SpH)method,to study the flow behaviour of blood and to explore the flow parameters that induce formation of a thrombus in a blood *** to its simplicity and effectiveness,the SpH method is employed here to simulate the process of thrombogenesis and to study the effect of various blood flow *** the present SpH simulation,blood is modelled by two sets of particles that have the characteristics of plasma and of platelet,*** simulate coagulation of platelets which leads to a thrombus,the so-called adhesion and aggregation mechanisms of the platelets during this process are modelled by an inter-particle force *** transport of platelets in the flowing blood,platelet adhesion and aggregation processes are coupled with viscous blood flow for various low reynolds number *** numerical results are compared with the experimental observations and a good agreement is found between the simulated and experimental results.

关键词： Smooth particle hydrodynamics blood flow thrombus arteries platelets.

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UNSTEADY WAVES DUE TO AN IMpULSIVE OSEENLET BENEATH THE CApILlaRY SURFACE OF A VISCOUS FLUID

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第1期20卷 23-29页

作者： LU Dong-qiang CHEN Xiao-bo Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 China Shanghai Key laboratory of Mechanics in Energy and Environment Engineering Shanghai 200072 China Research Department Bureau Veritas Tour Manhattan 5-6 P1 de l＇Iris 92077 Paris La Defense FranceCollege of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China

The two-dimensional free-surface waves due to a point force steadily moving beneath the capillary surface of an incompressible viscous fluid of infinite depth were analytically investigated. The unsteady Oseen equations were taken as the governing equations for the viscous flows. The kinematic and dynamic conditions including the combined effects of surface tension and viscosity were linearized for small-amplitude waves on the free-surface. The point force is modeled as an impulsive Oseenlet. The complex dispersion relation for the capillary-gravity waves shows that the wave patterns are characterized by the Weber number and the reynolds number. The asymptotic expansions for the wave profiles were explicitly derived by means of Lighthill’s theorem for the Fourier transform of a function with a finite number of singularities. Furthermore, it is found that the unsteady wave system consists of four families, that is, the steady-state gravity wave, the steady-state capillary wave, the transient gravity wave, and the transient capillary wave. The effect of viscosity on the capillary-gravity was analytically expressed.

关键词： Oseen flow fundamental singularity asymptotic solution Weber number reynolds number

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FungalTraits:a user-friendly traits database of fungi and fungus-like stramenopiles

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第2期107卷 I0001-I0016页

作者： Sergei põlme Kessy Abarenkov RHenrik Nilsson Björn D.Lindahl Karina Engelbrecht Clemmensen Havard Kauserud Nhu Nguyen Rasmus Kjøller Scott T.Bates petr Baldrian Tobias Guldberg Frøslev Kristjan Adojaan Alfredo Vizzini Ave Suija Donald pfister Hans-Otto Baral Helle Järv Hugo Madrid Jenni Nordén Jian-Kui Liu Julia pawlowska Kadri põldmaa Kadri pärtel Kadri Runnel Karen Hansen Karl-Henrik larsson Kevin David Hyde Marcelo Sandoval-Denis Matthew E.Smith Merje Toome-Heller Nalin N.Wijayawardene Nelson Menolli Jr Nicole K.reynolds Rein Drenkhan Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Tatiana B.Gibertoni Thomas Læssøe William Davis Yuri Tokarev Adriana Corrales Adriene Mayra Soares Ahto Agan Alexandre Reis Machado Andrés Argüelles-Moyao Andrew Detheridge Angelina de Meiras-Ottoni Annemieke Verbeken Arun Kumar Dutta Bao-Kai Cui C.K.pradeep César Marín Daniel Stanton Daniyal Gohar Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Eveli Otsing Farzad Aslani Gareth W.Griffith Thorsten H.Lumbsch Hans-peter Grossart Hossein Masigol Ina Timling Inga Hiiesalu Jane Oja John Y.Kupagme József Geml Julieta Alvarez-Manjarrez Kai Ilves Kaire Loit Kalev Adamson Kazuhide Nara Kati Küngas Keilor Rojas-Jimenez Krišs Bitenieks laszlo Irinyi LászlóGNagy Liina Soonvald Li-Wei Zhou Lysett Wagner M.Catherine Aime MaarjaÖpik María Isabel Mujica Martin Metsoja Martin Ryberg Martti Vasar Masao Murata Matthew pNelsen Michelle Cleary Milan C.Samarakoon Mingkwan Doilom Mohammad Bahram Niloufar Hagh-Doust Olesya Dulya peter Johnston petr Kohout Qian Chen Qing Tian Rajasree Nandi Rasekh Amiri Rekhani Hansika perera Renata dos Santos Chikowski Renato L.Mendes-Alvarenga Roberto Garibay-Orijel Robin Gielen Rungtiwa phookamsak Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Saleh Rahimlou Samantha C.Karunarathna Saowaluck Tibpromma Shawn p.Brown Siim-Kaarel Sepp Sunil Mundra Zhu-Hua Luo Tanay Bose Tanel Vahter Tarquin Netherway Teng Yang Tom May Torda Varga Wei Li Victor Rafael Matos Coimbra Virton Rodrigo Targino de Oliveira Vitor Xavier de Lima Vladimir S.Mikryukov Yongzhong Lu Yosuke Matsuda Yumiko Miyamoto Urm Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu14A Ravila50411 TartuEstonia Natural History Museum University of Tartu46 Vanemuise Str51003 TartuEstonia Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre Box 46140530 GothenburgSweden Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 701475007 UppsalaSweden Department of Forest Mycology and plant pathology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 702675007 UppsalaSweden Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology(EvoGene) Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloP.O.Box 1066BlindernNO-0316 OsloNorway University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 3190 Maile WaySt.John 102HonoluluHIUSA Department of Biology University of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 152100 CopenhagenØDenmark purdue University Northwest WestvilleIN 46391USA Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of SciencesVidenska 108314220 Praha 4Czech Republic GLOBE Institute University of CopenhagenØster Farimagsgade 5KH7.2.321353 CopenhagenDenmark Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Universitàdi TorinoViale Mattioli 2510125 TorinoItaly Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Farlow Library and Herbarium Harvard University22 Divinity AveCambridgeMA 02138USA Blaihofstr.42 72074 TübingenGermany SYNlaB Estonia Veerenni 53aTallinn 11313Estonia Escuela de Tecnología Médica Universidad Santo TomásLos Carreras 753OsornoChile Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática Universidad MayorCamino La Pirámide 5750HuechurabaSantiagoChile Norwegian Institute for Nature Research(NINA) Sognsveien 680855 OsloNorway School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Evolutionary Biology Faculty of BiologyBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsawul.Zwirki i Wigury 10102-089 WarsawPoland Department of Botany Swedish Museum of

The cryptic lifestyle of most fungi necessitates molecular identification of the guild in environmental *** the past decades,rapid development and affordability of molecular tools have tremendously improved insights of the fungal diversity in all ecosystems and ***,in spite of the progress of molecular methods,knowledge about functional properties of the fungal taxa is vague and interpretation of environmental studies in an ecologically meaningful manner remains *** order to facilitate functional assignments and ecological interpretation of environmental studies we introduce a user friendly traits and character database FungalTraits operating at genus and species hypothesis *** the information from previous efforts such as FUNGuild and FunFun together with involvement of expert knowledge,we reannotated 10,210 and 151 fungal and Stramenopila genera,*** resulted in a stand-alone spreadsheet dataset covering 17 lifestyle related traits of fungal and Stramenopila genera,designed for rapid functional assignments of environmental *** order to assign the trait states to fungal species hypotheses,the scientific community of experts manually categorised and assigned available trait information to 697,413 fungal ITS *** the basis of those sequences we were able to summarise trait and host information into 92,623 fungal species hypotheses at 1%dissimilarity threshold.

关键词： Fungal traits Trophic modes Function Guild Bioinformatics High-throughput sequencing Community ecology

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