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Worker laying in leafc.tter ant Ac.omyrmex subterraneus brunneus （Formic.dae, Attini）

Insec. Sc.enc. 2007年第2期14卷 157-163页

作者： ROBERTO S. c.MARGO luiz c. fort. JULIANE F. S. LOPES NEWTON c. NORONHA ANGELO L. T. OTTATI Departamento de Produc.o Vegetal FCA/UNESP Botucatu SP Campus Universitário Paulo VI Sāo Luis MA Brazil. c.mportamento e Biologia Animal Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Campus Universitário Martelos Juiz de Fora MG Campus Universitário Paulo VI Sāo Luis MA Brazil. Departamento de Entomologia Fitopatologia e Zoologia Agricola Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz' Universidade de Sao Paulo Piracicaba SP Campus Universitário Paulo VI Sāo Luis MA Brazil. Departamento de Fitotec.ia e Fitossanidade Universidade Estadual do Maranhāo Centro de Ciencias Agrenias Campus Universitário Paulo VI Sāo Luis MA Brazil.

We studied the proc.ss of offspring produc.ion in queenless c.lonies of Ac.omyrmex subterraneus brunneus, and partic.larly evaluated the ovary development of workers as a func.ion of their age. For this, subc.lonies were set up and evaluated at different periods of isolation from the queen （2, 4 and 6 months）, besides individually labeled age groups. The subc.lonies were assessed ac.ording to offspring produc.ion and ovaries c.ntaining ooc.tes or not. The evaluations showed worker oviposition and development of males originating from worker-laid eggs. At 2 months＇ absenc. of the queen, eggs and larvae were found, with eggs in a higher proportion than larvae. After 4 months, the proportion of eggs had reduc.d while larvae had inc.eased, and a pupa was found in one subc.lony. At 6 months, besides a higher share of larvae, one pupa and one adult male were found. Dissec.ion of workers revealed ovaries c.ntaining ooc.tes during the periods of evaluation. Only a group of medium-sized and large workers, 23.3%, 20.9% and 37.5% of the population from eac. period assessed in queenless subc.lonies respec.ively, presented developed ooc.tes in the ovary. The same was observed in c.lonies with a queen, with 17.6%, 19.6% and 7.8% of the group of dissec.ed workers from eac. time period, respec.ively. With respec. to worker age, we observed by dissec.ion of the ovary, that the greatest perc.ntage of individuals with ovarioles c.ntaining ooc.tes oc.urred at 45 days （6 weeks） up to 90 days （12 weeks）. These results probably are assoc.ated with the workers reproduc.ion and the laying of trophic.and reproduc.ive eggs in c.lonies with and without a queen; these eggs have distinc. func.ions in eac. situation.

关键词： leafc.tter ant queenless ant c.lonies reproduc.ion c.nflic. worker laying,worker reproduc.ion

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Distribution of the related weevil spec.es Sitophilus oryzae and S. zeamais in Brazil

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2013年第6期20卷 763-770页

作者： Alberto S. c.rrea luiz Orlando de Oliveira Luc.s S. Braga Raul Narc.so c. Guedes Departamento de Entomologia Universidade Federal de Vicosa Vicosa Brazil Departamento de Bioquimic. e Biologia Molec.lar Universidade Federal de Vicosa Vicosa Brazil

The genus Sitophilus （c.leoptera： c.rc.lionidae） enc.mpasses spec.es of great ec.nomic.importanc. as stored grain pests worldwide. Among these spec.es, the maize and the ric. weevils （Sitophilus zeamais and Sitophilus oryzae, respec.ively） are partic. ularly important in warmer c.imates. These two weevils exhibit c.osely morphologic.l and ec.logic.l resemblanc. making diffic.lt their proper identific.tion and rec.gnition of their distribution in grain-produc.ng regions. Both spec.es are rec.rded in South Americ. and partic.larly in Brazil, but their respec.ive distribution and prevalenc. were not yet assessed in the region. Therefore, several insec. samples throughout Brazil were c.llec.ed and subjec.ed to morphologic.l identific.tion using male genitalia and also using molec. ular identific.tion with spec.es-spec.fic.primers designed for c.ear rec.gnition of both the spec.es. The primers were designed for the spec.fic.amplific.tion of a gene fragment of the c.toc.rome oxidase subunit I, whic. exhibited high spec.fic.ty during our prelimi- nary experiments with insec.s from six populations of known spec.es （either S. zeamais or S. oryzae）. Both identific.tion strategies provided the same results indic.ting preva- lenc. of the maize weevil S. zeamais throughout the c.untry. Two hypotheses may explain suc. prevalenc.：（i） the likely host preferenc. ofS. zeamais for maize bec.use this is the most c.ltivated c.real in Brazil, and （ii） the prevalenc. ofS. zeamais in tropic.l regions as c.mpared with S. oryzae, whic. is more disseminated in subtropic.l and temperate regions.

关键词： c.toc.rome oxidase subunit I distribution maize weevil ric. weevil South Americ.

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The nest arc.itec.ure of the ant, Pheidole oxyops Forel, 1908 （Hymenoptera： Formic.dae）

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2007年第5期14卷 437-442页

作者： luiz c. fort. ROBERTO S. c.MARGO RIc.RDO T. FUJIHARA JULIANE F. S. LOPES Laboratorio de Insetos Soc.ais-Praga Departamento de Producao Vegetal - Setor Defesa Fitossanitaria FCA/UNESP Botucatu SP c.mportamento e Ec.logia Animal Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Campus Universitario Martelos Juiz de Fora MG Brazil

Pheidole oxyops builds subterranean nests, with an external arc.itec.ure that is distinc.ive and easily rec.gnizable by its wide and spec.fic.entranc. hole, measuring up to 12.2 c. in diameter, denoting a pitfall-trap. In order to study the nests＇ internal arc.itec.ure, seven nests were exc.vated; four were identified with neutral talc. while the others were c.st in c.ment and then exc.vated. Measurements were made in order to gain a better understand- ing of their struc.ures, and a photographic.doc.mentation was obtained as well. The exc.vations revealed that the nests are perpendic.lar relative to the ground, beginning with a c.lindric.l c.annel with a mean length of 13.5 c., c.ntaining irregular formations, and whose diameter bec.mes progressively narrower until the first c.amber is formed. As the c.annel c.ntinues, dish-like c.ambers appear, interc.nnec.ed by c.annels that bec.me progressively narrower and longer, while the c.ambers are arranged at greater distanc.s from eac. other as nest depth inc.eases. Both c.annels and c.ambers are loc.ted on the vertic.l projec.ion of the entranc. hole. Nests may reac. a depth of up to 5.09 m, with a number of c.ambers ranging between 4 and 14.

关键词： c.ambers nest arc.itec.ure Pheidole pitfall-trap

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Bioinspired arc.itec.ural design based on struc.ural topology optimization

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Frontiers of Arc.itec.ural Researc. 2020年第2期9卷 264-276页

作者： Vinic.us Mizobuti luiz c.M.Vieira Junior Sc.ool of c.vil Engineering Architecture and UrbanismUniversity of CampinasCampinas 13083-889Brazil

This paper aims to present a new approac. for using struc.ural topology optimization to evaluate and generate bioinspired arc.itec.ural *** investigate these possibilities,we present several experiments in two and three-dimensional domains under a variety of load and support c.nditions that are inspired by *** experiments are based on struc.ural topology optimization tec.niques,whic. have shown to be viable for fostering innovative ideas to solve c.mplex building stability ***,these tec.niques enable fruitful c.llaborations between arc.itec.s and engineers in the early stages of the design *** c.mpare the optimal solutions with different spec.es of plants and animals and evaluate their potential use as a struc.ural system through visual and quantitative *** reinforc. the effic.c. of using topology optimization in the development of bioinspired struc.ures and,as suc.,its future use in c.eative design c.ntexts.

关键词： Biomimetic. Topology optimization Bioinspired arc.itec.ure Struc.ural design

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The boys are bac. in town: Rethinking the func.ion of ribosomal DNA repeats in the genomic.era

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Molec.lar Plant 2023年第3期16卷 514-516页

作者： Franc.sc. B.Lopez Peter c.Mc.eown Antoine fort.Galina Bryc.kova c.arles Spillane Genetic. and Biotec.nology Laboratory Plant&AgriBiosciences Research Centre(PABC)Ryan InstituteUniversity of GalwayH91 REW4 GalwayIreland Present address:Department of Plant Biology and Genome c.nter University of CaliforniaDavisUC Davis Genome CenterDavisCA 95616USA

Next-generation sequenc.ng tec.nologic.l advanc.s,affording high-throughput,sc.lable,and fast assemblies,have enabled genome editing tec.niques that allow us to remove,insert,and modify genes for rapid and prec.se fun... 详细信息

关键词： remove prec.se func.ion

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Enzymatic.c.nversion of Sugarc.ne Lignoc.llulosic.Biomass as a Platform for the Produc.ion of Ethanol,Enzymes and Nanoc.llulose

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第2期6卷 203-216页

作者： c.istiane S.Farinas Jose Manoel Marc.nc.ni luiz Henrique c.Mattoso Nanotec.nology National Laboratory for Agric.lture(LNNA) Embrapa InstrumentationRua XV de Novembro 145213561-206São CarlosSPBrazil

The c.nversion of sugarc.ne lignoc.llulosic.biomass into fuels,c.emic.ls and high-value materials using the bioc.emic.l pathway is c.nsidered the most sustainable alternative for the implementation of future ***,the first large-sc.le c.llulosic.ethanol plants that have started operating worldwide apply the enzymatic.hydrolysis proc.ss to c.nvert biomass into simple sugars that are fermented to ethanol by ***,several tec.nologic.l c.allenges still need to be addressed in order to obtain c.mmerc.ally c.mpetitive *** review desc.ibes c.rrent c.allenges and perspec.ives regarding the enzymatic.hydrolysis step for proc.ssing sugarc.ne lignoc.llulosic.biomass within the *** developments in terms of proc.ss c.nfiguration strategies and opportunities for the implementation of a sugarc.ne biorefinery,in whic. the produc.ion of ethanol is integrated into the produc.ion of high-value produc.s suc. as enzymes and nanoc.llulose,are disc.ssed in view of the demands of the c.rrent bioec.nomy.

关键词： Enzymatic.hydrolysis bioethanol sugarc.ne nanoc.llulose biorefinery

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Influenc. of physic.l and c.emic.l fac.ors during foraging and c.lture of the symbiont fungus in Atta sexdens rubropilosa （Hymenoptera： Formic.dae）

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2007年第4期14卷 295-300页

作者： SANDRA S. VERZA luiz c. fort. JULIANE F. S. LOPES ROBERTO S.c.MARGO c.RLOS A. O. MATOS Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociencias Laboratrio de Insetos Soc.ais-Praga Departamento de Produ~~o Vegetal-Def-esa Fitossanitaria Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas UNESP-Sao Paulo State University Fazenda Experimental LageadoBotucatu SP c.mportamento e Biologia Animal Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas UFJF-Universidade Federal de Juiz de ForaCampus Universitario Martelos Juiz de Fora MG c.mpus Experimental de Itapeva UNESP Itapeva SP Brazil

The aim of this paper is to investigate the influenc. of physic.l and c.emic.l fac.ors on transport and use of substrate for Atta sexdens rubropilosa workers. Three types of rec.angular fragments were used to study the physic.l influenc. fac.ors： filter paper with paraffin, filter paper without paraffin and polyester film. To study the c.emic.l fac.ors, some fragments were impregnated with organic.extrac. of orange albedo, others were soaked with soybean oil and for the remaining ones nothing was applied. The fonowing parameters were evaluated：（i） attrac.iveness of substrate for transport and number of loading workers per treatment; （ii） foraged material inc.rporation; （iii） rejec.ion by numbers of fragments deposited in the garbage or beside the fungus garden. All the polyester film fragments c.rried out to the fungus garden were subsequently rejec.ed. We verified that c.emic.l fac.ors of the substrate were more quic.ly detec.ed by the workers, whereas physic.l fac.ors were used as a c.iterion in the dec.sion-making to rejec. or ac.ept the substrate c.llec.ed.

关键词： Atta sexdens rubropilosa attrac.iveness behavior leaf-c.tting ants substraterejec.ion substrate selec.ion

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A Virtual Sync.ronous Mac.ine to Support Dynamic.Frequenc. c.ntrol in a Mini-Grid That Operates in Frequenc. Droop Mode

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第3期5卷 259-265页

作者： Miguel Torres luiz A. c. Lopes Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada

This paper addresses the problem of dynamic.frequenc. c.ntrol in a diesel-based mini-grid. It is shown that a virtual sync.ronous mac.ine (VSM) c.n support dynamic.frequenc. c.ntrol by adding virtual inertia and damping to the system. However, it is found that the typic.l formulation of damping power does not work properly when the grid forming gen-set operates in droop mode bec.use of the unknown stabilization value of the grid frequenc.. As a solution to this problem, an estimator for the stabilization frequenc. that works in c.njunc.ion with the damping func.ion of the VSM is proposed. Theoretic.l and experimental results provide evidenc. of a satisfac.ory performanc. of the proposed VSM with estimator for different values of the gen-set droop fac.or. The estimated stabilization frequenc. c.nverges in approximately 2 s and the maximum frequenc. deviation during the transient is reduc.d in 34%, on average.

关键词： Frequenc. c.ntrol Mini-Grid Inverter Virtual Sync.ronous Mac.ine

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Inverter-Based Diesel Generator Emulator for the Study of Frequenc. Variations in a Laboratory-Sc.le Autonomous Power System

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第3期5卷 274-283页

作者： Miguel Torres luiz A. c. Lopes Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada

This paper presents the modeling, simulation and prac.ic.l implementation of an inverter-based diesel generator emulator. The main purpose of this emulator is for the study of frequenc. variations in diesel-based autonomous power systems in a laboratory environment where the operation of a real diesel generator is not possible. The emulator basic.lly c.nsists in a voltage sourc. inverter with a sec.nd order output filter whic. voltage referenc.s are given by the model of the diesel generator. The c.ntrol of the emulator is based on the digital signal proc.ssor TMS320F2812, where the mathematic.l models of the diesel generator and the c.ntrol of the inverter are c.mputed in real-time. Parameters for the model were obtained from c.mmerc.ally available c.mponents. Experimental results for different values of speed droop showed that the emulator ac.ieves a satisfac.ory performanc. in the transient and stationary response. For the stationary response, the measured frequenc. deviates from theoretic.l values with a mean absolute error of: 0.06 Hz for 0% droop, 0.037 Hz for 3% droop, and 0.087 Hz for 5% droop. For the transient response, the measured frequenc. nadir deviates from simulations in: 0.05 Hz for 0% droop, 0.02 Hz for 3% droop, and 0.1 Hz for 5% droop.

关键词： Diesel Generator Emulator Inverter Frequenc. c.ntrol Mini-Grid

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Virtual Sync.ronous Generator: A c.ntrol Strategy to Improve Dynamic.Frequenc. c.ntrol in Autonomous Power Systems

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第2期5卷 32-38页

作者： Miguel Torres luiz A. c. Lopes Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada

Ideally, diesel hybrid autonomous power systems would operate with high penetration of renewable energy sourc.s suc. as wind and photovoltaic.to minimize fuel c.nsumption. However, sinc. these are inherently intermittent and fluc.uating, the grid-forming diesel engine generator sets are usually required to operate with larger amounts of spinning reserve, often at low loading c.nditions what tends to inc.eases operating and maintenanc. c.sts. Frequenc. stability is of great c.nc.rn in “small” systems, suc. as mini-grids, where any individual generator in-feed represents a substantial portion of the total demand. There, the initial rate of c.ange of frequenc. is typic.lly larger and a lower value of frequenc. c.n be reac.ed in a shorter time than in c.nventional systems with all generation supplied by rotating mac.ines, possibly resulting in under-frequenc. load shedding and tripping of renewable energy generators. The first part of this paper, disc.sses some general c.nc.pts regarding frequenc. stability in a diesel hybrid mini-grid and how energy storage systems c.n be used to enhanc. system performanc.. Then, a partic.lar tec.nique based on a virtual sync.ronous generator is presented and its effec.iveness is demonstrated with simulation results.

关键词： Frequenc. c.ntrol Mini-Grid Energy Storage Inverter

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