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Experience gained in analyzing severe accidents for WWER RP using CC SOCRAT

Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 872-886页

作者： S.I.PANTYUSHIN А.V.lITYSHEV A.V.NIKOlAEVA O.V.AUlOVA D.l.GASPAROV V.V.ASTAKHOV m.A.BYKOV Non-stationary Thermohydraulics Department OKB Gidropress JSC 142103PodolskRussia

The current Russian regulatory documents on the safety of nuclear power plant(NPP)specify the requirements regarding design basis accidents(DBAs)and beyond design basis accidents(BDBAs),including severe accidents(SAs)with core m.l.down,in NPP design(NP-001-15,NP-082-07,and others).For a rigorous calculational justification of BDBAs and SAs,it is necessary to develop an integral CC that will be in line with the requirements of regulatory documents on verification and certification(RD-03-33-2008,RD-03-34-2000)and will allow for determining the amount of data required to provide information within the scope stipulated by the requirements for the structure of the safety analysis report(SAR)(NP-006-16).The system of codes for realistic analysis of severe accidents(SOCRAT)(formerly,thermohydraulics(RATEG)/coupled physical and chemical processes(SVECHA)/behavior of core materials relocated into the reactor lower plenum(HEFEST))was developed in Russia to analyze a wide range of SAs at NPP with water-cooled water-moderated power-generating reactor(WWER)at all stages of the *** to the code and broadening of its applicability are continually being pursued by the code developers(Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences(IBRAE RAN))with OKB Gidropress JSC and other ***,the SOCRAT/В1 code can be used as a base tool to obtain realistic estimates for all parameters important for computational justification of the reactor plant(RP)safety at the in-vessel stage of SAs with fuel *** perform analyses using CC SOCRAT/В1,the experience gained during execution of thermohydraulic codes is applied,which allows for minimizing the uncertainties in the results at the early stage of an accident *** study presents the results of the work performed in 2010–2020 in OKB Gidropress JSC using the CC SOCRAT/В*** have been considered to develop calculational models and analyze SAs using CC *** process,which is cle

关键词： system of codes for realistic analysis of severe accidents(SOCRAT) design basis accidents(DBAs) severe accidents(SAs) computer code(CC) nuclear power plant(NPP)design water-cooled water-moderated(WWER) modeling model safety requirements

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稀土金属电解槽阳极消耗对电场的影响

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中国稀土学报 2019年第4期37卷 481-490页

作者：吕晓军张恒星刘颂曾小鹏中南大学冶金与环境学院

电解过程中阳极的消耗会使电极尺寸和形状发生变化,进而对电场分布产生影响。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了传统6 kA上插阴阳极式稀土电解槽的3D模型,分别研究了电解过程中阳极呈均匀消耗和非均匀消耗两种形态对电场分布的影响。结果表... 详细信息

电解过程中阳极的消耗会使电极尺寸和形状发生变化,进而对电场分布产生影响。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了传统6 kA上插阴阳极式稀土电解槽的3D模型,分别研究了电解过程中阳极呈均匀消耗和非均匀消耗两种形态对电场分布的影响。结果表明,随着阳极炭块消耗量的增加,电极下方电压等势线分布呈现下移趋势,且电场强度不断增加;阳极非均匀消耗时槽电压要比均匀消耗高出130 mV左右,非均匀消耗电场强度比均匀消耗电场强度的增加量呈先增加后减小趋势,在阳极消耗26 mm时增加量达到最大值,为10.45 V·m-1。根据电场仿真的结果,在阳极消耗达到50 mm时进行阳极的更换较为合理,并建议在该电解条件下使阳极保持均匀消耗更有利于电解槽的稳定性。

关键词：电解槽阳极电场有限元稀土

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圆形变压器在24脉波整流系统中的应用

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电工技术学报 2016年第13期31卷 172-179页

作者：王铁军方芳姜晓弋杨律海军工程大学电气工程学院武汉430033

圆形变压器利用旋转磁场实现三相和多相之间的电能变换。以三相/十二相圆形变压器为对象,分析了其应用于24脉波整流的原理;基于磁动势平衡原理,对电网侧电流的谐波成分进行了理论研究;结合电磁设计需要,重点分析了定、转子槽齿相对位置... 详细信息

圆形变压器利用旋转磁场实现三相和多相之间的电能变换。以三相/十二相圆形变压器为对象,分析了其应用于24脉波整流的原理;基于磁动势平衡原理,对电网侧电流的谐波成分进行了理论研究;结合电磁设计需要,重点分析了定、转子槽齿相对位置以及气隙对电磁参数和运行性能的影响;开展了样机试验,证明了圆形变压器能明显改善输出直流电压和输入侧电流波形,并对圆形变压器在多脉波整流系统中的主要性能进行了初步评估。

关键词：多脉波整流圆形移相变压器谐波

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印度-欧亚碰撞带的动力学

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世界地震译丛 2003年第2期34卷 34-56页

作者： l．m．Flesch A．J．Haines W．E．Holt 王宝善李娟不详中国地震局分析预报中心

根据大地测量学、地质学、地形学和地震数据,对亚洲地区(平均深度约100 km)垂向平均偏应力场进行了简单的新的动力学计算。通过解岩石层内与重力势能差有关的偏应力平衡方程和应力边界条件产生的一阶偏应力,我们可以初步得到对垂向平均... 详细信息

根据大地测量学、地质学、地形学和地震数据,对亚洲地区(平均深度约100 km)垂向平均偏应力场进行了简单的新的动力学计算。通过解岩石层内与重力势能差有关的偏应力平衡方程和应力边界条件产生的一阶偏应力,我们可以初步得到对垂向平均偏应力的最小绝对强度和方向的估计。这种垂向平均偏应力场的初始估计与关于岩石层流变性的假设无关。其绝对值从5 mPa 变到40 mPa。假设岩石层有明显的粘滞性,与该区域其他较硬地方约1～2.5×10^(23) Pa s 的粘滞系数相比,由偏应力强度、GPS 和第四纪断层滑动速率得到的应变率,导出了西藏垂向平均粘滞系数为0.5～5×10^(22) Pa s。利用速度边界条件解力平衡方程的正向模拟,我们能改进对垂向平均有效粘滞系数分布和偏应力场的估计。总的垂向平均偏应力和有效粘滞系数场与西藏较软弱的下地壳是一致的,它们也与西藏和华南岩石层相对欧亚的东向运动一致,它们确证了重力势能差对青藏高原周围应变率的空间变化方式和强度有极深刻的影响。我们的垂向平均偏应力的结果表明,较强的岩石层部分位于孕震的上地壳内,其偏应力强度高达100～300 mPa(与实验室和理论摩擦试验一致,显示出地震的应力降是总偏应力的小部分)。

关键词：板块构造动力学垂向平均偏应力场岩石层流变性

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固溶条件对7136铝合金挤压型材粗晶环的影响

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中国有色金属学报 2020年第2期30卷 291-300页

作者：何颖于科潼吕丹张志豪北京科技大学新材料技术研究院材料先进制备技术教育部重点实验室北京100083 东北轻合金有限责任公司哈尔滨150060

粗晶环是中高强度铝合金挤压型材常见的组织缺陷之一,揭示铝合金型材的粗晶环形成规律对于制定合理的挤压和热处理制度、进而抑制粗晶环的形成具有重要意义。以7136铝合金挤压型材试样为对象,研究不同固溶条件下试样的粗晶环形成规律,... 详细信息

粗晶环是中高强度铝合金挤压型材常见的组织缺陷之一,揭示铝合金型材的粗晶环形成规律对于制定合理的挤压和热处理制度、进而抑制粗晶环的形成具有重要意义。以7136铝合金挤压型材试样为对象,研究不同固溶条件下试样的粗晶环形成规律,并从再结晶组织和析出相形貌分布特征等方面分析粗晶环的形成原因。结果表明:试样的粗晶环形成最低温度为450℃,且随固溶温度的提高,粗晶环深度逐渐增大;固溶温度470℃保温30 min时粗晶环的深度为63 m。在固溶温度470℃下时,随着保温时间的延长,粗晶环的深度开始增加较快,然后逐渐减慢,60 min后,继续延长保温时间粗晶环深度基本不变。在挤压过程中,试样边部再结晶程度约为心部的两倍,同时,由于边部基体mg、Zn贫化导致析出相(mgZn2)较少,对晶粒长大的抑制作用较弱,因此,挤压试样在固溶过程中易形成粗晶环。

关键词： 7136铝合金粗晶环挤压再结晶

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高能球磨对微量Y_2O_3弥散强化细晶钨合金密度与显微组织的影响

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粉末冶金材料科学与工程 2015年第4期20卷 541-547页

作者：吕永齐范景莲韩勇刘涛中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室长沙410083

采用溶胶喷雾干燥–氢热多步还原法制备含微量稀土Y2O3的超细/纳米W复合粉,对其进行高能球磨处理。将球磨前、后的W-Y2O3复合粉末进行模压成形和1 800~1 950℃高温烧结,制备微量Y2O3弥散细晶钨合金,研究高能球磨对细晶W-Y2O3合金的密度... 详细信息

采用溶胶喷雾干燥–氢热多步还原法制备含微量稀土Y2O3的超细/纳米W复合粉,对其进行高能球磨处理。将球磨前、后的W-Y2O3复合粉末进行模压成形和1 800~1 950℃高温烧结,制备微量Y2O3弥散细晶钨合金,研究高能球磨对细晶W-Y2O3合金的密度与显微组织的影响。研究结果表明：W-Y2O3复合粉末的费氏粒度均小于0.9μm,具有很高的烧结活性,最佳烧结温度为1 860℃,烧结致密度达到97.4%;高能球磨可显著提高合金的致密度,球磨后的W-Y2O3复合粉末在1 860℃烧结后相对密度达到99.4%;W-Y2O3合金的晶粒非常细小,未高能球磨的W-Y2O3复合粉在1 860℃烧结,晶粒尺寸仅为3μm左右,但分布不均匀;适当的球磨使合金晶粒尺寸有所长大,但可显著改善合金组织的均匀性。

关键词：超细/纳米W-Y2O3粉末高能球磨:细晶钨合金致密化行为

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Clinical application of concentrated bone marrow aspirate in orthopaedics:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第6期8卷 491-506页

作者： Arianna l Gianakos li Sun Jay N Patel Donald m Adams Frank A liporace Division of Orthopedic Surgery Department of Orthopedic SurgeryJersey City Medical Center-RWJ Barnabas Health

AIm To examine the evidence behind the use of concentrated bone marrow aspirate(c BmA) in cartilage, bone, and tendon repair; establish proof of concept for the use of cB mA in these biologic environments; and provide the level and quality of evidence substantiating the use of cB mA in the clinical *** We conducted a systematic review according to PRISmA guidelines. EmBASE, mEDlINE, and Web of Knowledge databases were screened for the use of cB mA in the repair of cartilage, bone, and tendon repair. We extracted data on tissue type, cB mA preparation, cB mA concentration, study methods, outcomes, and level of evidence and reported the results in tables and *** A total of 36 studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria and were included in this review. Thirty-one of 36(86%) studies reported the method of centrifugation and preparation of cB mA with 15(42%) studies reporting either a cell concentration or an increase from baseline. Variation of c BmA application was seen amongst the studies evaluated. Twenty-one of 36(58%) were level of evidence Ⅳ, 12/36(33%) were level of evidence Ⅲ, and 3/36(8%) were level of evidence Ⅱ. Studies evaluated full thickness chondral lesions(7 studies), osteochondral lesions(10 studies), osteoarthritis(5 studies), nonunion or fracture(9 studies), or tendon injuries(5 studies). Significant clinical improvement with the presence of hyaline-like values and lower incidence of fibrocartilage on T2 mapping was found in patients receiving cB mA in the treatment of cartilaginous lesions. Bone consolidation and time to bone union was improved in patients receiving cB mA. Enhanced healingrates, improved quality of the repair surface on ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, and a decreased risk of re-rupture was demonstrated in patients receiving cB mA as an adjunctive treatment in tendon repair. CONClUSION The current literature demonstrates the potential benefits of utilizing c BmA for the repair of cartilaginous lesions, bo

关键词： Concentrated bone marrow aspirate Bone Cartilage Osteochondral lesion Osteoarthritis Tendon

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Reversible solid-oxide cells for clean and sustainable energy

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Clean Energy 2019年第3期3卷 175-201页

作者： m.B.mogensen m.Chen H.l.Frandsen C.Graves J.B.Hansen K.V.Hansen A.Hauch T.Jacobsen S.H.Jensen T.l.Skafte X.Sun Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark(DTU)Frederiksborgvej 399DK-4000 RoskildeDenmark Haldor Topsøe Haldor Topsøes Allé1DK-2800 Lyngby Department of Chemistry Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark DynElectro ApS DK-4621 GadstrupDenmark

This review gives first a brief view of the potential availability of sustainable *** is clear that over 100 times more solar photovoltaic energy than necessary is readily accessible and that practically available wind alone may deliver sufficient energy supply to the *** to the intermittency of these sources,effective and inexpensive energy-conversion and storage technology is *** for the possible electrolysis application of reversible solid-oxide cells(RSOCs),including a comparison of power-to-fuel/fuel-to-power to other energy-conversion and storage technologies is *** electrochemistry and chemistry of H_(2)O,CO_(2),H_(2),CO,CnHm(hydrocarbons)and NH3,including thermodynamics and cell performance,are *** mechanical strength of popular cell supports is outlined,and newly found stronger materials are *** cell-degradation mechanisms,including the effect of common impurities in gases and materials(such as S and Si),plus the deleterious effects of carbon deposition in the fuel electrode are described followed by explanations of how to avoid or ease the *** of how RSOCs powered by sustainable energy may be applied on a large scale for the transportation sector via power-to-fuel technology and for integration with the electrical grid together with seasonal storage are ***,a brief comparison of RSOCs to other electrolysis cells and an outlook with exam.l.s of actions necessary to commercialize RSOC applications are sketched.

关键词： electrolysis fuel cells solid-oxide cells power-to-fuel electrochemical syngas

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Strain rate sensitivity of a 1.5 GPa nanotwinned steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第11期28卷 1352-1356页

作者： R.D.liu Y.Z.li l.lin C.P.Huang Z.H.Cao m.X.Huang Iron and Steel Research Institute Ansteel GroupAnshan 114021LiaoningChina Department of mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Two distinct regimes of strain rate sensitivity on yield strength are found in a high-strength nantwinned *** yield strength increases from 1410 to 1776 mPa when the strain rate increases from 10–3 to 1400 *** is proposed from the measured sm.l. activation volume that the yielding of the nanotwinned steel at higher strain rates is governed by the dislocation bowing out from the carbon *** lower strain rates,however,the yielding is controlled by the continuous re-pinning of dislocations due to the fast diffused carbon atoms,which leads to the relative insensitivity of yield strength to the strain rate.

关键词： Nanotwinned steel Strain rate sensitivity Hokinson tensile bar Twinning Twinning-induced plasticity steel

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Rhyacian and Neoproterozoic magmatic associations of the Gurupi Belt,Brazil: Im.l.cations for the tectonic evolution, and regional correlations

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2243-2269页

作者： Evandro l.Klein Elem C.S.lopes Joseneusa B.Rodrigues Sulsiene m.Souza-Gaia Umberto G.Cordani Geological Survey of Brazil-SBN Quadra 02Bloco HEd.Central Brasília1°AndarAsa NorteBrasíliaDFCEP:70040-904Brazil GPGE-Grupo de Pesquisa Em Geologia Econômica PPGG-Programa de Pòs-Graduação Em Geologia e GeoquímicaUniversidade Federal Do ParáBelémPABrazil Geological Survey of Brazil Av.Dr.Freitas3645BelémPACEP:66095-110Brazil Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de GeociênciasRua Do Lago562Cidade UniversitariaSão Paulo-SPCEP:05508-080Brazil

The Gurupi Belt,in north-northeastern Brazil,is a mobile belt developed in the south-southwestern margin of the Sao luis cratonic fragment and crops out as a tectonic and erosional window within the Phanerozoic ***,petrographic,geochemical,geochronological,and Nd isotopic information(new and published)constrain the timing and types of magmatic associations present in the belt and the tectonic settings in which they *** Rhyacian was the main period of magmatic activity,which can be grouped into two main stages.(1)~2185-2130 ma:pre-collisional,juvenile,calc-alkaline magnesian and calcic ferroan granitoid suites,and minor calc-alkaline and tholeiitic mafic plutonism(now amphibolites),formed in intra-oceanic to transitional/continental arcs;and intra-or back-arc volcano-sedimentary basin.(2)~2125-2070 ma:syn-(two-mica granites)to late-collisional(potassic to shoshonitic granites and quartz-syenite)plutonic suites produced after crustal thickening and m.l.ing,with localized migmatization,that intruded during the compressive D1 deformational phase and concomitantly with greenschist to amphibolite *** is a zonation of the Rhyacian episodes,with intra-oceanic stages occurring to the northeast,and the continental arc and collisional phases occurring to the southwest,indicating the presence of an active continental margin to the southwest,and subduction from NE to SW(present-day configuration).This magmatic framework is a continuation to the south of what is described for the Sao luis cratonic fragment to the north,and the orogenic scenario is identical to what is observed for the same period in the West African Craton(Eburnean/Birrimian orogen),which additionally supports previous geological *** the Neoproterozoic,a few magmatic occurrences are *** extensional event allowed the intrusion of an anorogenic,nepheline syenite at ca.730 ma,which was followed by the intrusion of a crustal,calc-alkaline microtonalite,of uncertain

关键词： Neoproterozoic Paleoproterozoic Accretionary orogeny Intracontinental orogeny West Gondwana Isotope geology

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