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Reactive destabilization and bidirectional catalyzation for reversible hydrogen storage of liBh_(4) by novel waxberry-like nano-additive assembled from ultrafine Fe_(3)o_(4) particles

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Journal.of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第6期173卷 63-71页

作者： S.Wang M.h.Wu Y.Y.Zhu Z.l.li Y.X.Yang Y.Z.li h.F.liu M.X.Gao Department of Material Science Shenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhen 518172China State Key laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials&School.of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth Development State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive UtilizationGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Development and ApplicationGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy Xi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518055China

liBh_(4) containing 18.5 wt.%h_(2) is an attractive high-capacity hydrogen storage material,however,it suffers from high operation temperature and poor ***,a novel and low-cost bifunctional additive,waxberry-like Fe_(3)o_(4) secondary nanospheres assembled from ultrafine primary Fe_(3)o_(4) nanoparticles,is synthesized,which exhibits significant destabilization and bidirectional catalyzation towards(de)hydrogenation of liBh_(4).With an optimized addition of 30 wt.% waxberry-like Fe_(3)o_(4),the system initiated dehydrogenation below 100℃ and released a total.of 8.1 wt.%h_(2) to 400℃.After 10 cycles,a capacity retention of 70% was achieved,greatly superior to previously reported oxides-modified *** destabilizing and catalyzing mechanisms of waxberry-like Fe_(3)o_(4) on liBh_(4) were systematically analyzed by phase and microstructural evolutions during dehydrogenation and hydrogenation cycling as well as density functional theory(DFT)*** present work provides new insights in developing advanced nano-additives with unique structural and multifunctional designs towards liBh4 hydrogen storage.

关键词： liBh_(4) hydrogen storage Waxberry-like Fe_(3)o_(4) Destabilization Catalysis

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Satellite-enabled enviromics to enhance crop improvement

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 848-866页

作者： Rafael T.Resende lee hickey Cibele h.Amaral lucas l.Peixoto Gustavo E.Marcatti Yunbi Xu Universidade Federal de Goia´s(UFG) Agronomy DepartmentPlant Breeding SectorGoiania(GO)74690-900Brazil TheCRoP a Precision-Breeding Startup:EnviromicsPhenomicsand GenomicsNo Zip-codeOperating VirtuallyGoiania(GO)and Sete Lagoas(MG)Brazil Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Earth lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Environmental Data Science Innovation&Inclusion lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Universidade Federal de Sa˜o Joa˜o del-Rei Forest Engineering DepartmentCampus Sete LagoasSete Lagoas(MG)35701-970Brazil Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences WeifangShandong 261325China BGI Bioverse Shenzhen 518083China

Enviromics refers to the characterization of micro-and macroenvironments based on large-scale environmental *** providing genotypic recommendations with predictive extrapolation at a site-specific level,enviromics could inform plant breeding decisions across varying conditions and anticipate productivity in a changing ***-based integration of statistics,envirotyping(i.e.,determining environmental factors),and remote sensing could help unravel the complex interplay of genetics,environment,and *** support this goal,exhaustive envirotyping to generate precise environmental profiles would significantly improve predictions of genotype performance and genetic gain in ***,informatics management platforms aggregate diverse environmental datasets obtained using optical,thermal,radar,and light detection and ranging(liDAR)sensors that capture detailed information about vegetation,surface structure,and *** wealth of information,coupled with freely available climate data,fuels innovative enviromics *** enviromics holds immense potential for breeding,a few obstacles remain,such as the need for(1)integrative methodologies to systematically collect field data to scale and expand observations across the landscape with satellite data;(2)state-of-the-art AI models for data integration,simulation,and prediction;(3)cyberinfrastructure for processing big data across scales and providing seamless interfaces to deliver forecasts to stakeholders;and(4)collaboration and data sharing among farmers,breeders,physiologists,geoinformatics experts,and programmers across research *** these challenges is essential for leveraging the full potential.of big data captured by satellites to transform 21st century agriculture and crop improvement through enviromics.

关键词： envirotyping precision breeding genotype-environment interactions remote sensing predictive models enviromic information

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leading directions and effective distance of larch offspring dispersal at the upper treeline in the Northern and Polar Urals, Russia

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 603-617页

作者： P.A.Moiseev V.l.Semerikov T.V.Semerikova D.S.Balakin I.B.Vorobiev S.o.Viuykhin Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of SciencesEkaterinburg620144Russia Center for Genetics and life Science Sirius University of Science and Technology354340SochiRussia

Climate has changed sufficiently over the last 150 years and forced out upper treeline advance at the most studied sites around the *** rate of advance has been extremely variable–from tens to hundreds meters in *** is because the degree at which tree frontal populations respond to climate change depends on the complex interaction of biological and physical *** resulting stand pattern is the consequence of the interaction between dispersal and survival functions.A few publications have addressed the question of how this pattern is *** order to understand how the spatial structure of tree stands was formed at the upper limit of their distribution in the Ural Mountains,we assessed the distance and direction of dispersal.of offspring from maternal *** found that in frontal larix sibirica ***,‘effective’dispersal.of offspring ranges from 3 to 758 m(with a median of 20–33 m in open forest and 219 m in single-tree tundra in the Polar Urals and 107 m in open forest in the Northern Urals).We revealed that most of the offspring effectively dispersed not only in the direction of the prevailing winds,but al.o in the opposite direction up the slope,and the distance can reach 500–760 *** data obtained can be used to develop an individual-based model which is capable of simulating in detail the dynamics of tree stands at the upper limit of their growth and reliably predicting the future position and pattern of treeline ecotone as growth conditions continue to improve in the face of observed climate change.

关键词： Effective dispersal distance Upper treeline Parentage analysis Age estimation Terrestrial laser scanning larix sibirica Ural mountains

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Fast efficient photon deceleration in plasmas by using two laser pulses at different frequencies

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 11-18页

作者： Y.X.Wang X.l.Zhu S.M.Weng P.li X.F.li h.Ai h.R.Pan Z.M.Sheng Key laboratory for laser Plasmas(moe) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Research Center of laser Fusion of China Academy of Engineering Physics MianyangSichuan 621900China State key laboratory of high Field laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Tsung-dao lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The generation of ultrashort high-power light sources in the mid-infrared(mid-IR)to terahertz(Thz)range is of interest for applications in a number of fields,from fundamental research to biology and *** conventional laser technology,photon deceleration in plasma wakes provides an alternative approach to the generation of ultrashort mid-IR or Thz ***,we present a photon deceleration scheme for the efficient generation of ultrashort mid-IR or Thz pulses by using an intense driver laser pulse with a relatively short wavelength and a signal laser pulse with a relatively long *** signal pulse trails the driver pulse with an appropriate time delay such that it sits at the front of the second wake bubble that is driven by the driver *** to its relatively long wavelength,the signal pulse will be subjected to a large gradient of the refractive index in the plasma wake ***,the photon deceleration in the plasma wake becomes faster and more efficient for signal pulses with longer *** greatly enhances the capacity and efficiency of photon deceleration in the generation of ultrashort high-power light sources in the long-wavelength IR and Thz spectral ranges.

关键词： laser ultrashort photon

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Efficient guiding and focusing of intense laser pulse using periodic thin slits

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 29-39页

作者： l.Xu T.W.huang K.Jiang C.N.Wu h.Peng P.C.hen R.li h.B.Zhuo C.T.Zhou Shenzhen Key laboratory of Ultraintense laser and Advanced Material Technology Center for Intense Laser ApplicationTechnologyand College of Engineering PhysicsShenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

Slits have been widely used in laser-plasma interactions as plasma optical components for generating high-harmonic light and controlling laser-driven particle ***,we propose and demonstrate that periodic thin slits can be regarded as a new breed of optical elements for efficient focusing and guiding of intense laser *** fundamental physics of intense laser interaction with thin slits is studied,and it is revealed that relativistic effects can lead to enhanced laser focusing far beyond the pure diffractive focusing *** addition,the interaction of an intense laser pulse with periodic thin slits makes it feasible to achieve multifold enhancement in both laser intensity and energy transfer efficiency compared with conventional *** results provide a novel method for manipulating ultra-intense laser pulses and should be of interest for many laser-based applications.

关键词： laser pulse intense

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Science and reflections: With some thoughts to young applied scientists and engineers

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Earthquake Science 2024年第5期37卷 459-493页

作者： Robert l Nowack Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47906USA

I provide some science and reflections from my experiences working in geophysics,along with connections to computational and data sciences,including recent developments in machine learning.I highlight several individuals and groups who have influenced me,both through direct collaborations as well as from ideas and insights that I have learned *** my reflections are rooted in geophysics,they should al.o be relevant to other computational scientific and engineering fields.I al.o provide some thoughts for young,applied scientists and engineers.

关键词： geophysics computational and data science applied science and engineering

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Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationships in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 217-236页

作者： Matthew l.Skoog Michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Department of Natural Resources State Key laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain(MAP) ecoregion. however, MAP streams have historically been understudied compared to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage composition were assessed seasonally(spring, summer, and fall) in eight representative MAP streams located across three U.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to represent reference conditions for MAP *** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and riparian habitats than agriculture streams(P = 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of primary nutrients(P lture and forest streams with respect to other physical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dependent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured primarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorophyll-a production. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream types contained many regionally common species, though some species appeared to exhibit affinities for a particular stream type. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant species, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores compared to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. overall, one-third of the fish specimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAP, with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream land use Water quality habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississippi Alluvial Plain

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optimization of bio-oil production parameters from the pyrolysis of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) using response surface methodology

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 241-251页

作者： Sunday C.Ikpeseni Samuel.o.Sada Ufuoma J.Efetobor henry o.orugba Mathias Ekpu hilary I.owamah Jeremiah l.Chukwuneke Solomon oyebisi Uche P.onochie Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State PolytechnicP.M.B.3Otefe-OgharaNigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityP.M.B.2025AwkaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering Covenant UniversityP.M.B.1023OttaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering The University of the South PacificP.M.B.9072SuvaFiji Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State University of Science and TechnologyP.M.B.5OzoroNigeria

The need to increase bio-oil yield from biomass and enhance its fuel properties has driven research into optimizing the pyrolysis *** study investigated the influence of three key process parameters—temperature,heating rate,and nitrogen flow rate—on the pyrolysis of elephant grass(Pennisetum purpureum)in a fixed-bed *** surface methodology was used to study the im-pact of the aforementioned variables on bio-oil yield to improve its production *** analysis of the biomass revealed 79.24 wt%volatile matter,14.22 wt%fixed carbon,and 5.86%ash,with ultimate analysis showing 45.44%carbon,5.59%hydrogen,and 40.95%*** high volatile matter content and favourable carbon and hydrogen percentages indicate that elephant grass is a vi-able energy source due to its potential for high bio-oil yield and energy *** resulting bio-oil exhibited a higher heating value of 20.9 MJ/kg,indicating its suitability for various heating applications.A second-order regression model was developed for bio-oil yield,with optimal conditions identified as a temperature of 550°C,a heating rate of 17°C/min,and a nitrogen flow rate of 6 ml/*** study achieved an optimal bio-oil yield of 59.03 wt%,and the model’s high R²value of 0.8683 from analysis of variance analysis confirmed its predictive *** research highlights elephant grass as a sustainable feedstock for bio-oil production,offering valuable insights into optimizing pyrolysis conditions to enhance bio-oil yield,thus advancing biofuel technology.

关键词： renewable energy biomass sustainable feedstock regression model fixed-bed reactor

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Determination of the standardized ileal digestible calcium requirement of Ross broilers from hatch to day 14 post-hatch

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 122-129页

作者： Carrie l.Walk Raffaella Aureli Pauline Jenn DSM Nutritional Products Delves RoadHeanorDerbyshireDE757SGUnited Kingdom Research Center for Animal Nutrition and health DSM Nutritional ProductsVillage-Neuf68128France

An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible(SID)calcium requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 *** 308(n=360)male broilers were obtained on day of hatch and al.ocated to 1 of 5 treatments in battery *** were 6 birds per cage and 12 pens per *** treatments were formulated to contain 0.60%,0.46%,0.32%or 0.18%SID *** final treatment was formulated using total Ca to meet or exceed all nutrient requirements,including 0.90%total Ca and 0.49%non-phytate P(nPP),using the same *** treatment was the reference diet for comparison and validation of the SID Ca *** and feed were weighed at placement and on d *** and ileal contents were obtained on d 14 and excreta was collected per pen and pooled on d *** were analyzed using JMP Pro and requirements were estimated using 3different non-linear regression *** the SID Ca content in the diet from 0.18%to 0.60%improved(quadratic,Pody weight gain and mortality corrected feed conversion ratio(mFCR).The estimated SID Ca requirement to optimize gain or m FCR was between 0.39%and 0.52%.Tibia ash percent and weight increased(quadratic,Pontent in the diet increased and the estimated SID Ca requirement was between 0.32%and 0.58%.Phosphorus utilization was improved in birds fed diets formulated using SID Ca compared with birds fed the reference *** conclusion,the SID Ca requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 was estimated between 0.534%and 0.398%when quadratic,straight-broken line,or quadratic-broken line regressions were *** results agree with previously published data evaluating the SID Ca requirement of fast-growth broilers from hatch to d 10.

关键词： Apparent ileal digestibility Digestible calcium Requirements Retention Tibia ash

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Beyond network centrality: individual-level behavioral traits for predicting information superspreaders in social media

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 148-157页

作者： Fang Zhou linyuan lü Jianguo liu Manuel Sebastian Mariani Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School.of Cyber Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Department of Digital Economics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics URPP Social Networks Universit?t Zürich

Understanding the heterogeneous role of individuals in large-scale information spreading is essential to manage online behavior as well as its potential.offline consequences. To this end, most existing studies from diverse research domains focus on the disproportionate role played by highly connected ‘hub’ ***, we demonstrate here that information superspreaders in online social media are best understood and predicted by simultaneously considering two individual-level behavioral traits: influence and susceptibility. Specifically, we derive a nonlinear network-based al.orithm to quantify individuals' influence and susceptibility from multiple spreading event data. By applying the al.orithm to large-scale data from Twitter and Weibo, we demonstrate that individuals' estimated influence and susceptibility scores enable predictions of future superspreaders above and beyond network centrality, and reveal new insights into the network positions of the superspreaders.

关键词： complex networks social networks social media information spreading superspreaders

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