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Journal.of Magnesium and Al.oys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.lv h.l.Ge Q.Q.Jin X.h.Shao Y.T.Zhou B.Zhang X.l.Ma Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China School.of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K,wt.%)al.oy to improve the *** results show that the hardness of the Mg al.oy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250℃ is 1.64 GPa,which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being *** is mainly attributed to γ'precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β'precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging,which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous *** latter plays a key role in precipitation *** result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg al.oy Electron beam irradiation hardening Precipitates In-situ TEM

A facile strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted biomolecules for melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing applications

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 277-291页

作者： I.A.o.Beeren G.Dos Santos P.J.Dijkstra C.Mota J.Bauer h.Ferreira Rui l.Reis N.Neves S.Camarero-Espinosa M.B.Baker l.Moroni Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University6229 ER MaastrichtThe Netherlands 3B’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate laboratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal PolYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU20018 Donostia/San SebastiánSpain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

Melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing(ME-AM)is a promising technique to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engi-neering ***,most synthetic semicrystalline polymers do not possess the intrinsic biological activity required to control cell *** of biomolecules on polymeric surfaces of AM scaffolds enhances the bioactivity of a construct;however,there are limited strategies available to control the surface ***,we report a strategy to tune the surface density of bioactive groups by blending a low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone)5k(PCl5k)containing orthogonally reactive azide groups with an unfunctionalized high molecular weight PCl75k at different *** porous three-dimensional(3D)scaf-folds were then fabricated using a high weight percentage(75 wt.%)of the low molecular weight PCl *** a proof-of-concept test,we prepared films of three different mass ratios of low and high molecular weight polymers with a thermopress and reacted with an alkynated fl.orescent model compound on the surface,yielding a density of 201-561 pmol/cm^(2).Subsequently,a bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2)-derived peptide was grafted onto the films comprising different blend compositions,and the effect of peptide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells(hMSCs)was *** two weeks of culturing in a basic medium,cells expressed higher levels of BMP receptor II(BMPRII)on films with the conjugated *** addition,we found that alkaline phosphatase activity was only significantly enhanced on films contain-ing the highest peptide density(i.e.,561 pmol/cm^(2)),indicating the importance of the surface *** together,these results emphasize that the density of surface peptides on cell differentiation must be considered at the cell-material ***,we have presented a viable strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the bulk and surface functionality via blending of(m

关键词： Additive manufacturing Blending Surface functionalization Surface density Click chemistry human

Comparative analysis of microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable Mg-3Y al.oy prepared by selective laser melting and spark plasma sintering

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Journal.of Magnesium and Al.oys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.Minárik M.Zemková S.Šašek J.Dittrich M.Knapek F.lukáˇc D.Koutný J.Jaroš R.Král Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic Research Centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of Machine and Industrial Design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable magnesium al.oy Mg-3Y preparation by two modern powder metallurgy techniques–spark plasma sintering(SPS)and selective laser melting(SlM).The powder material was consolidated by both methods utilising optimised parameters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the SlM material and unmeasurably low porosity in the SPS *** main aim of the study was the thorough microstructure characterisation and interrelation between the microstructure and the functional properties,such as mechanical strength,deformability,and corrosion *** materials showed comparable strength of∼110 MPa in tension and compression and relatively good deformability of∼9%and∼21%for the SlM and SPS materials,*** corrosion resistance of the SPS material in 0.1 M NaCl solution was superior to the SlM one and comparable to the conventional extruded *** digital image correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dominant negative effect on the functional properties of the SlM *** the other hand,one of the primary outcomes of this study is that the SPS consolidation method is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable al.oy,resulting in material with convenient mechanical and degradation properties that might find practical applications.

关键词： Magnesium Yttrium Powder metallurgy Microstructure Mechanical strength Corrosion resistance

Implications for brainstem recovery from studies in primates after sensory loss from arm

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 479-480页

作者： Jamie l.Reed hui-Xin Qi Jon h.Kaas Department of Psychology Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA

For decades,researchers have known that when neurons lose their activating inputs,they can atrophy and even *** example,removing sensory nerve inputs from the arm to the spinal cord after amputation or cutting the spinal nerves can shrink the post-synaptic target zones(e.g.,Woods et al.,2000).From touch receptors for the hand and arm,primary nerve afferents enter the spinal cord,and axons travel in the dorsal columns to target the cuneate nucleus(Cu)of the brainstem on the same side of the body(Figure 1).When sensory loss is unilateral,the overwhelming result is for the associated primary target zone to shrink in total size(cross-sectional area),as compared to the size of the opposite side.

关键词： brainstem shrink removing

A hybrid solar-biogas system for post-CoVID-19 rural energy access

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 84-99页

作者： ochuko K.overen KeChrist obileke Edson l Meyer Golden Makaka oliver o.Apeh Fort hare Institute of Technology University of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice 5700South Africa Department of Physics Renewable Energy Research CentreUniversity of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice 5700South Africa Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering and Build EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland Park 2006South Africa

Solar home systems for rural electrification are often designed with a limited energy supply,which presents a drawback for the ***,uncontrolled livestock faeces in rural communities constitute environmental sanitation and health *** excrement can be used through a biogas digester to supplement solar energy to provide adequate and sustainable elec-tricity access to underserved rural communities while achieving waste ***,this study presents a hybrid solar-biogas system for a more dynamic energy supply and waste management for post-Covid recovery plans in rural communities.A parametric research approach that involves the use of the Integrated Environment Solution Virtual Environment software application and mathematical models to design the desired household load and the hybrid system sizing is used in the *** findings show that the daily household energy consumption was 6.6 kWh,equivalent to 206.40 kWh/month.A 1.2-kWp and 1.2-m^(3)hybrid solar-biogas system was found to adequately power the ***,the total initial investment cost of the system was$5777.20 with a net present value of$6566.78,net profit of$4443.6,a payback period of 14 years and 8 months,and a levelized cost of energy of$0.21/kWh;these include a 60%initial investment and maintenance costs *** performance contracting and energy-as-a-service were recommended to effectively run and operate the *** study successfully revealed the design,specifications and upscaling mechanism of the proposed hybrid solar-biogas *** research is required to unveil the efficacy of the system,the performance gap and the perception of the technology by the beneficiaries.

关键词： energy access sustainable rural development clean energy waste management post-CoVID-19 recovery plan

hepatocardiorenal syndrome in liver cirrhosis:Recognition of a new entity?

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World Journal.of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期30卷 128-136页

作者： henry h l Wu Amina Rakisheva Arvind Ponnusamy Rajkumar Chinnadurai Renal Research Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchRoyal North Shore Hospital&The University of SydneySt.Leonards(Sydney)2065New South WalesAustralia Department of Cardiology City Cardiological CenterAlmaty 050000Kazakhstan Department of Renal Medicine Royal Preston HospitalPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Donal.o’Donoghue Renal Research Centre&Department of Renal Medicine Northern Care Alliance National Health Service Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom

Emerging evidence and perspectives have pointed towards the heart playing an important role in hepatorenal syndrome(hRS),outside of conventional understanding that liver cirrhosis is traditionally considered the sole origin of a cascade of pathophysiological mechanisms directly affecting the kidneys in this *** the absence of established heart disease,cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may occur more frequently in those with liver cirrhosis and kidney *** is a specific form of cardiac dysfunction characterized by blunted contractile responsiveness to stress stimuli and altered diastolic relaxation with electrophysiological *** the clinical description of these potential cardiac-related complications of the liver,the role of the heart has traditionally been an overl.oked aspect of circulatory dysfunction in *** from a physiological sense,temporality(prior onset)of cardiorenal interactions in hRS and positive effects stemming from portosystemic shunting demonstrated an important role of the heart in the development and progression of kidney dysfunction in cirrhotic *** this review,we discuss current concepts surrounding how the heart may influence the development and progression of hRS,and the role of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction causing circulatory dysfunction within this *** temporality of heart and kidney dysfunction in hRS will be *** a subgroup of patients who receive portosystemic shunting,the dynamics of cardiorenal interactions fol.owing treatment is *** research to determine the unknowns in this topic is anticipated,hopefully to further clarify the intricacies surrounding the liver-heart-kidney connection and improve strategies for management.

关键词： hepatorenal syndrome Cardiorenal syndrome Cirrhosis Cardiac dysfunction Circulatory dysfunction

Uncovering the hierarchical clusters in the heat-affected zone of an electron beam weldedα/βtitanium al.oy joint

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Journal.of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 120-132页

作者： C.Xu X.h.Shao h.J.Yang M.lv h.Q.liu X.l.Ma Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School.of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Suzhou laboratory Suzhou 215028China Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Bay Area Center for Electron Microscopy Songshan Lake Materials LaboratoryDongguan 523808China

Using high-resolution transmission Kikuchi diffraction(TKD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),we examined the hierarchical clusters that form in situ in the heat-affected zone(hAZ),which are com-monly referred to as“ghost”structures,of bimodal titanium al.oy Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr(wt%,TC17).The ghost structures are enriched with Al elements but poor in Mo and Cr compared to the surroundingβ*** results show that the ghost structure in middle-hAZ mainly consists ofα_(l)laths with a high-angle grain boundary,which exhibits the classic Burgers orientation relationship(BoR)with the host matrix,while it encircles theα_(P)grains in *** the ghost structure is evidenced to form via in-complete martensitic *** results further confirm that the ghost structure is composed ofαl and tinyβ_(l)laths with BoR,with the former being enriched with Al and poor with Cr and Mo,while the latter is the ***,twoα_(l)variant clusters with a check-mark morphology are fre-quently observed viewed along[0001]_(αl)//[110]_(βl)directions,which are dominated by the crystal.ographic and geometrical relationships betweenαandβ*** on the microstructural characterization,it is hypothesized that the ghost structure is transformed from the initialα_(P)phase,due to the coupling ef-fect of high thermal stress(which induces the formation of a large number of dislocations)and element diffusion caused by sudden temperature increase and plunge cooling in the hAZ during the welding pro-cess.

关键词： TC17 titanium al.oy Electron beam welding(EBW) The ghost structure Transmission Kikuchi diffraction(TKD) Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)

Adsorption of yttrium(Y^(3+)) and concentration of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum using chitin and chitin aerogel

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Journal.of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 775-782页

作者： Glaydson S.dos Reis Diana Pinto Sabrina F.lütke Eder C.lima luis F.o.Silva Irineu A.S.De Brum Guilherme l.Dotto Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology Biomass Technology Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeaE13Swedn Universidad De la Costa Calle 58#55-66080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering(ENGEPAC) Federal University of Santa MariaAv.Roraima100079705900Santa MariaRSBrazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul90040060Porto AlegreBrazil

Chitin powder and chitin-aerogel were prepared from shrimp wastes and used to uptake Y^(3+)from aqueous solutions and concentrate this rare earth element from phosphogypsum(PG).Chitin aerogel displays a specific surface area of 945 m^(2)/g,while chitin powder is 3.6 m^(2)/g,which largely influences its adsorption *** the adsorption in synthetic solutions,the effect of ph on Y^(3+)removal is strong for chitin powder *** contrast,no big ph influence was detected for chitin *** interactions and chelation can highlight the proposed mechanism of Y^(3+)on chitin adsorbents for the powder and ***,in addition to these interactions,pore filling/pore diffusion is the main mechanism of Y^(3+)removal in the chitin *** aerogel is efficient in concentrating 8 times the Y^(3+)from PG,a very complex *** complex chitin aerogel-Y^(3+)can be a secondary source of rare earth elements for other applications.

关键词： Rare earths Sustainable material Chitin powder Chitin porous aerogel Yttrium adsorption and recovery

on the functions of astrocyte-mediated neuronal slow inward currents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2602-2612页

作者： Balázs Pál Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Slow inward currents are known as neuronal excitatory currents mediated by glutamate release and activation of neuronal extra synaptic N-met hyl-D-aspartate receptors with the contribution of *** events are significantly slower than the excitatory postsynaptic *** of slow inward currents are determined by seve ral factors including the mechanisms of astrocytic activation and glutamate release,as well as the diffusion pathways from the release site towards the extra synaptic recepto *** are stimulated by neuronal network activity,which in turn excite neurons,forming an astrocyte-neuron feedback *** as a consequence of brain edema,astrocytic swelling can al.o induce slow inward currents under pathological *** is a growing body of evidence on the roles of slow inward currents on a single neuron or local network *** events often occur in synchro ny on neurons located in the same astrocytic *** synchronization of neuronal excitability,slow inward currents al.o set synaptic strength via eliciting timing-dependent synaptic *** addition,slow inward currents are al.o subject to non-synaptic plasticity triggered by long-la sting stimulation of the excitatory *** note,there might be important regionspecific differences in the roles and actions triggering slow inward *** greater networks,the pathophysiological roles of slow inward currents can be better understood than physiological *** inward currents are identified in the pathophysiological background of autism,as slow inward currents drive early hypersynchrony of the neural *** inward currents are significant contributors to paroxysmal depolarizational shifts/interictal *** events are related to epilepsy,but al.o found in Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,and stroke,leading to the decline of cognitive *** with features overlapping with slow inward currents(excitatory,N-methyl-Dasp

关键词： astrocyte cortical spreading depolarization gl.otransmission glutamate neural synchronization NMDA receptor paroxysmal depolarizational shift slow inward current

on calculating glacial isostatic adjustment

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 441-452页

作者： l.M.Cathles Cornell University IthacaNY 14853USA

Modeling the earth's fluid and elastic response to the melting of the glaciers of the last ice age is the most direct way to infer the earth's radial viscosity ***,we compare two methods for calculating the viscoelastic response to surface *** one,the elastic equation of motion is converted to a viscoelastic equation using the Correspondence *** the other,elastic deformation is added to the viscous flow as isostatic adjustment *** two modeling methods predict adjustment histories that are different enough to potentially impact the interpretation of the observed glacial isostatic adjustment(GIA).The differences arise from buoyancy and whether fluid displacements are subjected to hydrostatic *** methods agree if they use the same equations and boundary *** origin of the differences is determined by varying the boundary conditions and pre-stress application.

关键词： Glacial isostatic adjustment Viscoelastic normal modes hydrostatic pre-stress Elastic buoyancy Correspondence principle