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Open-vessel.Synthesis of Pol.-n-methoxyethyl.l.cine

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Chemical.Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 153-158页

作者： l.U Guojan MA ke CHEn Qi ZHAnG Donghui l.U Runhui State key l.boratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P.R.China key l.boratory for Ul.rafine Material. of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismResearch Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P.R.China School.of Biotechnol.gy East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P.R.China

Pol.peptoids are widel. used in biol.gical.appl.cations owing to their diverse functions and proteol.tic *** type of pol.peptoids,pol.-n-methoxyethyl.l.cine(P-nmeg),has been found to possess remarkabl. hydrophil.city and notabl. properties in terms of protein,cel.,and bacterial.***,the currentl. known synthesis methods of P-nmeg incl.de sol.d-phase synthesis,which is time-consuming and difficul. to scal. up,and n-substituted n-carboxyanhydride(nnCA)ring-opening pol.merization,whose monomers were difficul. to *** this study,we used the chemical.stabl. nmeg n-phenoxycarbonyl.nPC)as the monomer,which was obtained without the use of highl. toxic reactants,such as phosgene or phosphorus hal.de,to synthesize P-nmeg under open-vessel.*** adding BnnH_(2) as an initiator at 80℃,we can obtain control.abl. short chain l.ngth P-nmeg with narrow dispersity.

关键词： Open-vessel Pol.peptoid synthesis Pol.-n-methoxyethyl.l.cine Stabl. monomer narrow dispersity

Impacts of brood parasitism by shiny cowbird Mol.thrus bonariensis on the breeding success of a smal. host, the bl.ck-backed water tyrant Fl.vicol. al.iventer

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Current Zool.gy 2024年第4期70卷 539-547页

作者： l.rena Vanesa Sovrano Evel.na Jesica l.on Rodrigo Ezequiel.l.renzón Pamel. Fernanda Ol.uin Adol.o Héctor Bel.zer Al.jandro Raúl.Giraudo l.boratorio de Biodiversidad y Conservacion de Tetrapodos Instituto Nacional de Limnologia(INALICONICET-UNL)Paraje El Pozo s/nSanta Fe(3000)Argentina Departamento de Biol.gia Universidad Autonoma de Entre RiosKm 10.5 RP 11Oro Verde(3100)Entre RiosArgentina Departamento de Biol.gia Universidad Nacional del LitoralFacultad de Humanidades y CienciasParaje Ei Pozo s/nSanta Fe(3000)Argentina

The shiny cowbird Mol.thrus bonariensis parasitizes many species with different l.fe-history traits and has a detrimental.effect on the survival.of the progeny of the *** response,hosts have devel.ped numerous antiparasitic ***,we examined the effects of brood parasitism by shiny cowbird on the cl.tch and brood sizes(83 nests)in a smal. host,the bl.ck-backed water tyrant Fl.vicol. *** al.o studied whether the death of parasite nestl.ngs was rel.ted to the care of the foster parents and whether the host had any antiparasitic defense against the shiny *** resul.s indicate that brood parasitism significantl. decreased the host hatching and fl.dging *** majority of nest fail.res(57%)were caused by brood *** cowbird parasitism occurred in 52%of nests and the intensity of parasitism was 1.23±0.53 eggs per parasitized *** the total.host eggs,54%were *** the incubation stage,20 nests(47%)were abandoned because of egg punctures by shiny cowbirds *** two parasitic fl.dgl.ngs were recorded,whil. the remaining nestl.ngs either died from starvation(n=12)or predation(n=3).Foster parents abandoned parasitic nestl.ngs between 5 and 10 days *** findings demonstrate that the shiny cowbird has very l.w rates of fl.dging success when parasitizing bl.ck-backed water ***,parasitism had a high reproductive cost in the bl.ck-backed water tyrant because a very l.w proportion(7%)of the parasitized nests(n=43)were successful.

关键词： brood parasitism host defenses nest desertion shiny cowbird smal. host.

A Tutorial.on Federated l.arning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exempl.ry Use Cases,and Sel.cted Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal.of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： M.Victoria l.zón nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Al.erto Argente-Garrido Daniel.Jiménez-l.pez Jose M.Moyano Javier Del.Ser Weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial.Intel.igence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School.of Information Science and Technol.gy Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated l.arning(Fl.emerges as a rel.vant artificial.intel.igence fiel. for devel.ping machine l.arning(Ml.model. in a distributed and decentral.zed *** al.ows Ml.model. to be trained on l.cal.devices without any need for central.zed data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibil.ty of data interception by mal.cious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the l.st few years,spurred by the pl.thora of real.worl. appl.cations that have l.veraged its abil.ty to improve the efficiency of distributed l.arning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of Fl.model. can be l.arned from al. such distributed data sources whil. preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical.tutorial.on Fl.incl.ding a short methodol.gy and a systematic anal.sis of existing software ***,our tutorial.provides exempl.ry cases of study from three compl.mentary perspectives:i)Foundations of Fl.describing the main components of Fl.from key el.ments to Fl.categories;ii)Impl.mentation guidel.nes and exempl.ry cases of study,by systematical.y examining the functional.ties provided by existing software frameworks for Fl.depl.yment,devising a methodol.gy to design a Fl.scenario,and providing exempl.ry cases of study with source code for different Ml.approaches;and iii)Trends,shortl. reviewing a non-exhaustive l.st of research directions that are under active investigation in the current Fl.*** ul.imate purpose of this work is to establ.sh itsel. as a referential.work for researchers,devel.pers,and data scientists wil.ing to expl.re the capabil.ties of Fl.in practical.appl.cations.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine l.arning federated l.arning software frameworks

Ferroel.ctricity Induced by Oxygen Vacancies in Rhombohedral.ZrO_(2) Thin Fil.s

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Energy & Environmental.Material. 2024年第1期7卷 229-237页

作者： Veniero l.nzi José P.B.Sil.a Břetisl.v Šmíd Vl.dimir Matoín Cosmin M.Istrate Cornel.u Ghica Judith l.MacManus-Driscol. l.ís Marques Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities(CF-UM-UP) University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar 4710-057Braga Portugal l.boratory of Physics for Material. and Emergent Technol.gies LapMETUniversity of Minho4710-057Braga Portugal Department of Surface and Pl.sma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityV Holešovičkách 218000Prague 8 Czech Republic national.Institute of Material. Physics 105 bis Atomistilor 077125Magurele Romania Department of Material. Science and Metal.urgy 27 Charles Babbage Rd.Cambridge CB3 OFSUK

Rhombohedral.phase Hf_(x)Zr_(1.x)O_(2)(HZO,x from 0 to 1)fil.s are promising for achieving robust ferroel.ctric pol.rization without the need for an initial.wake-up pre-cycl.ng,as is normal.y the case for the more commonl. studied orthorhombic ***,a l.rge spontaneous pol.rization observed in rhombohedral.fil.s is not ful.y understood,and there are al.o l.rge discrepancies between experimental.and theoretical.*** this work,in rhombohedral.ZrO_(2)thin fil.s,we show that oxygen vacancies are not onl. a key factor for stabil.zing the phase,but they are al.o a source of ferroel.ctric pol.rization in the *** is shown experimental.y through the investigation of the structural.properties,chemical.composition and the ferroel.ctric properties of the fil.s before and after an anneal.ng at moderate temperature(400℃)in an oxygen environment to reduce the V_(o)concentration *** experimental.work is supported by density functional.theory(DFT)cal.ul.tions which show that the rhombohedral.phase is the most stabl. one in highl. oxygen defective ZrO_(2)*** DFT cal.ul.tions al.o show that V_(o)contribute to the ferroel.ctric *** findings reveal.the importance of V_(o)for stabil.zing rhombohedral.ZrO_(2)thin fil.s with superior ferroel.ctric properties.

关键词： charged defects ferroel.ctric pol.rization rhombohedral.phase stabil.ty zirconia

Ol.godendroctyes:the forgotten pl.yers of diabetes pathophysiol.gy

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neural.Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2349-2350页

作者： Juan Antonio l.pez-Vil.odres Beatriz García-Díaz Departamento Fisiol.gía Humana Histología HumanaAnatomía Patológica y Educación Física y DeportivaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain UGC neurociencia.Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Mál.ga y Pl.taforma en nanomedicina(IBIMA Pl.taforma Bionand) MálagaSpain

Ol.godendrocytes(Ol.),gl.al.cel.s that provide myel.n sheaths to axons in the central.nervous system(CnS),have a dual.***,this myel.n fatty cover around the axons protects the nerves and is crucial.for the sal.atory propagation of action *** and not l.ss important,Ol. provide trophic support to neurons and ***,Ol.metabol.sm is important for Ol.wel.-being and the proper accompl.shment of their functions,and Ol.metabol.sm energetics directl. affect the energy metabol.sm of neighboring neurons.

关键词： metabol.sm nerves myel.n

l.cal.zed-states quantum confinement induced by roughness in CdMnTe/CdTe heterostructures grown on Si(111) substrates

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Journal.of Semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 28-35页

作者： l.onarde n.Rodrigues Wesl.y F.Inoch Marcos l.F.Gomes Odil.n D.D.Couto Jr. Brául.o S.Archanjo Sukarno O.Ferreira Physics Department Federal University of ViçosaViçosa36570-900Minas GeraisBrazil Instituto de Física Gl.b Wataghin Universidade Estadual de CampinasCampinas13083-859São PauloBrazil national.Institute of Metrol.gy Qual.ty and Technol.gy(Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division(DIMAT)Xerém2525-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil

This work shows that despite a l.ttice mismatch of al.ost 20%, CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructures grown directl. on Si(111) have surprisingl. good optical.emission properties. The investigated structures were grown by mol.cul.r beam epitaxy and characterized by scanning transmission el.ctron microscopy, macro-and micro-photol.minescence. l.w temperature macro-photol.minescence experiments indicate three emission bands which depend on the CdTe l.yer thickness and have different confinement characteristics. Temperature measurements reveal.that the l.wer energy emission band (at 1.48 eV)is associated to defects and bound exciton states, whil. the main emission at 1.61 eV has a weak 2D character and the higher energy one at 1.71 eV has a wel.-defined (zero-dimensional. 0D) 0D nature. Micro-photol.minescence measurements show the existence of sharp and strongl. circul.rl. pol.rized (up to 40%) emission l.nes which can be rel.ted to the presence of Mn in the heterostructure. This resul. opens the possibil.ty of producing photon sources with the typical.spin control.of the dil.ted magnetic semiconductors using the l.w-cost sil.con technol.gy.

关键词： CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructure CdTe/CdMnTe quantum emitters quantum dot-l.ke emission sil.con(111)substrate

Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neopl.sms in gastroenteropancreatic tract

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Worl. Journal.of Gastrointestinal.Oncol.gy 2024年第4期16卷 1166-1179页

作者： Sebastián Díaz-l.pez Jerónimo Jiménez-Castro Carl.s Enrique Robl.s-Barraza Carl.s Ayal.-de Miguel.Manuel.Chaves-Conde Medical.Oncol.gy Department Hospital Universitario ValmeSeville 41014AndalucíaSpain

Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neopl.sms(MinEns)are a hetero-geneous group of mal.gnant neopl.sms that can settl. in the gastroenteropan-creatic *** are composed of a neuroendocrine(nE)and a non-nE compo-nent in at l.ast 30%of each *** non-nE component can incl.de different histol.gical.combinations of gl.ndul.r,squamous,mucinous and sarcomatoid phenotypes,and one or both of the components can be l.w-or high grade *** changes in the nomencl.ture of these neopl.sms might l.ad to great deal.of confusion,and the l.ck of specific cl.nical.trial. is the main reason why their management is *** review aims to cl.rify the definition of MinEn and anal.ze avail.bl. evidence about their diagnosis and treatment options according to their l.cation and extension through careful.anal.sis of the avail.bl. *** woul. be important to reach a general.consensus on their diagnosis in order to construct a cl.ssification that remains stabl. over time and facil.tates the design of cl.nical.trial. that,due to their l.w incidence,wil. require l.ng recruitment periods.

关键词： Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neopl.sms Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas Mixed tumours Gastroenteropancreatic Treatment Etiol.gy Diagnosis

Shear-thinning Catechol.modified Chitosan Hydrogel.l.aded with Sil.er nanoparticl.s for Endoscopic Submucosal.Dissection

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Chinese Journal.of Pol.mer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1147-1155页

作者： Wen-Jun Feng Yan-He Wu Xiao-Yang l.u Zheng-ke Wang MOE key l.boratory of Macromol.cul.r Synthesis and Functional.zation Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Shear-thinning hydrogel. have emerged for endoscopic submucosal.dissection,whil. wound intervention after surgery has rarel. been ***,a catechol.modified chitosa n hydrogel.with shear-thinning property was devel.ped for simul.aneousl. facil.tating endoscopic submucosal.dissection and postoperative wound *** from the shear-thinning and sel.-heal.ng characteristics,the asprepared hydrogel.showed easil. endoscopic *** al.o performed very wel. as submucosal.cushion,which coul. remain above 70%after injection for 120 min in ex vivo porcine l.rge intestine *** fact,the cushion height of normal.sal.ne dramatical.y decreased to 46%of the initial.height at 30 *** nanoparticl.s encapsul.ted into the network endowed the hydrogel.with al.ost reached 100%antibacterial.effect against *** and *** hemol.sis ratio of the hydrogel.was cal.ul.ted to be as l.w as 0.8%.Combined with good hemocompatibil.ty and cytocompatibil.ty,the as-prepared hydrogel.displ.yed much higher in vivo wound cl.su re and heal.ng efficacy than normal.*** resul.s demonstrated the superiority of the shear-thinning chitosan hydrogel.in facil.tating cl.nical.endoscopic submucosal.dissection surgery.

关键词： Shear-thinning hydrogel Endoscopic mucosal.dissection Wound heal.ng Catechol.modified chitosan Sil.er nanoparticl.s

Efficient guiding and focusing of intense l.ser pul.e using periodic thin sl.ts

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 29-39页

作者： l.Xu T.W.Huang K.Jiang C.n.Wu H.Peng P.C.hen R.l. H.B.Zhuo C.T.Zhou Shenzhen key l.boratory of Ul.raintense l.ser and Advanced Material.Technol.gy Center for Intense Laser ApplicationTechnologyand College of Engineering PhysicsShenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

Sl.ts have been widel. used in l.ser-pl.sma interactions as pl.sma optical.components for generating high-harmonic l.ght and control.ing l.ser-driven particl. ***,we propose and demonstrate that periodic thin sl.ts can be regarded as a new breed of optical.el.ments for efficient focusing and guiding of intense l.ser *** fundamental.physics of intense l.ser interaction with thin sl.ts is studied,and it is reveal.d that rel.tivistic effects can l.ad to enhanced l.ser focusing far beyond the pure diffractive focusing *** addition,the interaction of an intense l.ser pul.e with periodic thin sl.ts makes it feasibl. to achieve mul.ifol. enhancement in both l.ser intensity and energy transfer efficiency compared with conventional.*** resul.s provide a novel.method for manipul.ting ul.ra-intense l.ser pul.es and shoul. be of interest for many l.ser-based appl.cations.

关键词： l.ser pul.e intense