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Erosion-induced recovery CO_(2) sink offset the horizontal soil organic carbon removal at the basin scale

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 2019-2033页

作者： lingxia WANG Xiaodong nie Jiaqi lI Yaojun lIU hui WANG Yazhe lI Zhongwu lI School of Geographic Science Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies Hunan Normal University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake BasinChangsha 410081China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control(Hunan University)Ministry of EducationChangsha 410082China

To improve soil carbon sequestration capacity,the full soil carbon cycle process needs to be understood and *** is essential to evaluate whether water erosion acts as a net source or sink of atmospheric CO_(2)at the basin scale,which encompasses the entire hydrological *** study introduced an approach that combined a spatially distributed sediment delivery model and biogeochemical model to estimate the lateral and vertical carbon fluxes by water erosion at the basin *** this coupling model to the Dongting lake Basin,the results showed that the annual average amount of soil erosion during 1980-2020 was 1.33×10^(8)t,displaying a decreasing trend followed by a slight *** 12% of the soil organic carbon displacement was ultimately lost in the riverine systems,and the rest was deposited downhill within the *** average lateral soil organic carbon loss induced by erosion was 8.86×10^(11)g C in 1980 and 1.50×10^(11)g C in 2020,with a decline rate of 83%.A net land sink for atmospheric CO_(2)of 5.54×1011g C a^(-1)occurred during erosion,primarily through sediment burial and dynamic ***,ecological restoration projects and tillage practice policies are still significant in reducing erosion,which could improve the capacity of the carbon sink for recovery beyond the rate of horizontal carbon ***,our model enables the spatial explicit simulation of erosion-induced carbon fluxes using costeffective and easily accessible input data across large spatial scales and long ***,it offers a valuable tool for predicting the interactions between carbon dynamics,land use changes,and future climate.

关键词： Water erosion Sediment transfer lateral soil carbon loss land-atmosphere CO_(2) flux Dongting lake Basin

Singlet oxygen-dominated peroxymonosulfate activation by layered crednerite for organic pollutants degradation in high salinity wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 86-96页

作者： Chengji Sui Zixuan nie huan liu Grzegorz Boczkaj Weizhen liu lingshuai Kong Jinhua Zhan Key laboratory for Colloid&Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry Department of ChemistryShandong UniversityJinan 250100China School of Environment and Energy Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and RecyclingSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Gdansk University of Technology Faculty of Civil and Environmental EngineeringDepartment of Sanitary EngineeringG.Narutowicza St.11/1280-233 GdanskPoland EkoTech Center Gdansk University of TechnologyG.Narutowicza St.11/1280-233 GdanskPoland

Advanced oxidation processes have been widely studied for organic pollutants treatment in water,but the degradation performance of radical-dominated pathway was severely inhibited by the side reactions between the anions and radicals,especially in high salinity ***,a singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))-dominated non-radical process was developed for organic pollutants degradation in high salinity wastewater,with layered crednerite(CuMnO_(2))as catalysts and peroxymonosulfate(PMS)as *** on the experiments and density functional theory calculations,^(1)O_(2)was the dominating reactive species and the constructed Cu-O-Mn with electron-deficient Mn captured electron from PMS promoting the generation of^(1)O_(2).The rapid degradation of bisphenol A(BPA)was achieved by CuMnO_(2)/PMS system,which was 5-fold and 21-fold higher than that in Mn_(2)O_(3)/PMS system and Cu_(2)O/PMS *** CuMnO_(2)/PMS system shown prominent BPA removal performance under high salinity conditions,prominent PMS utilization efficiency,outstanding total organic carbon removal rate,wide range of applicable ph and good *** work unveiled that the^(1)O_(2)-dominated non-radical process of CuMnO_(2)/PMS system overcame the inhibitory effect of anions in high salinity conditions,which provided a promising technique to remove organic pollutants from high saline wastewater.

关键词： Singlet oxygen Non-radical process high salinity Mixed metal oxides Wastewater treatment

Cavity-enhanced photoacoustic dual-comb spectroscopy

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 610-618页

作者： Zhen Wang Qinxue nie haojia Sun Qiang Wang Simone Borri Paolo De Natale Wei Ren Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina. State Key laboratory of Applied Optics Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033 ChangchunChina. CNRINO-Istituto Nazionale di Ottica and LENS-European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy50019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly

Photoacoustic dual-comb spectroscopy(DCS),converting spectral information in the optical frequency domain to the audio frequency domain via multi-heterodyne beating,enables background-free spectral measurements with high resolution and broad ***,the detection sensitivity remains limited due to the low power of individual comb lines and the lack of broadband acoustic ***,we develop cavity-enhanced photoacoustic DCS,which overcomes these limitations by using a high-finesse optical cavity for the power amplification of dual-frequency combs and a broadband acoustic resonator with a flat-top frequency *** demonstrate high-resolution spectroscopic measurements of trace amounts of C2h2,Nh3 and CO in the entire telecommunications *** method shows a minimum detection limit of 0.6 ppb C2h2 at the measurement time of 100 s,corresponding to the noise equivalent absorption coefficient of 7×10−10 cm−*** proposed cavityenhanced photoacoustic DCS may open new avenues for ultrasensitive,high-resolution,and multi-species gas detection with widespread applications.

关键词： individual cavity spectroscopy

An integrated technology for the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3)in a high-gravity environment

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第8期72卷 117-125页

作者： Kangrui nie Ruize Shang Fuming Miao liuxiang Wang Youzhi liu Weizhou Jiao Shanxi Province Key laboratory of Chemical Process Intensification and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

In this study,an integrated technology is proposed for the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3)in a high-gravity *** effects of absorbent type,high-gravity factor,gas/liquid ratio,and initial BaCl2concentration on the absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)and the preparation of BaCO_(3)are *** results reveal that the absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)follow the order of ethyl alkanolamine(MEA)>diethanol amine(DEA)>N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA),and thus MEA is the most effective absorbent for CO_(2)*** absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)under high gravity are higher than that under normal ***,the absorption rate at 75 min under high gravity is approximately 2 times that under normal *** is because the centrifugal force resulting from the high-speed rotation of the packing can greatly increase gas-liquid mass transfer and *** particle size of BaCO_(3)prepared in the rotating packed bed is in the range of 57.2—89 nm,which is much smaller than that prepared in the bubbling reactor(>100.3 nm),and it also has higher purity(99.6%)and larger specific surface area(14.119 m^(2)·g^(-1)).It is concluded that the high-gravity technology has the potential to increase the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3).This study provides new insights into carbon emissions reduction and carbon utilization.

关键词： high-gravity technology Wet absorption CO_(2)capture Enhanced mass transfer CO_(2)utilization Barium carbonate

Quantum control for time-dependent noise by inverse geometric optimization

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期67卷 51-57页

作者： Xiaodong Yang Yingcheng li Ran liu Xinfang nie Tao Xin Dawei lu Jun li Institute of Quantum Precision Measurement State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China State Key laboratory of Surface Physics Department of PhysicsCenter for Field Theory and Particle Physicsand Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum ComputingFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(Guangdong) Shenzhen 518045China

Quantum systems are exceedingly difficult to engineer because they are sensitive to various types of *** particular,timedependent noises are frequently encountered in experiments but how to overcome them remains a challenging *** this work,we propose a flexible robust control technique to resist time-dependent noises based on inverse geometric optimization working in the filter-function *** basic idea is to parameterize the control filter function geometrically and minimize its overlap with the noise spectral *** then effectively reduces the noise susceptibility of the controlled system *** show that the proposed method can produce high-quality robust pulses for realizing desired quantum evolutions under realistic noise ***,we demonstrate this method in examples including dynamical decoupling and quantum sensing protocols to enhance their performances.

关键词： time-dependent noise robust control quantum gates and states dynamical decoupling quantum sensing

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Integrated interconnected porous and lamellar structures realized fast ion/electron conductivity in high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

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Chinese Chemical letters 2024年第6期35卷 161-167页

作者： Ya Song Mingxia Zhou Zhu Chen huali nie Jiao-Jing Shao Guangmin Zhou School of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Medical College of Guizhou University Guiyang 550025China College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

The practical application of high-energy-density lithium-sulfur(li-S)batteries have been highly praised for energy storage devices,while are largely hindered by the“shuttling effect”.herein,core-shell carbon spheres composed of interlinked porous core and lamellar shell were designed to restrain the polysulfide *** microporous structure with pore size of around 1 nm effectively trap lithium ***,the interconnected porous core shortens the ion transfer distance and the lamellar carbon shell endows the carbon spheres with fast electron conduction,finally facilitating polysulfide conversion ***,the li-S batteries with the carbon spheres as the interlayer show high discharge specific capacity of 1002 m Ah/g at 2 C with 574 m Ah/g remaining after 600 cycles,and high areal capacity of 5.48 m Ah/cm^(2) with sulfur loading of 4.67 mg/cm^(2) at 0.1 *** corresponding pouch cells also exhibit stable cycling stability with an initial discharge specific capacity of 1082 m Ah/g at 0.1 C.

关键词： Interlayer Shuttle effect Strong adsorption Porous carbon spheres lithium-sulfur batteries

Combined effects of climate and land-use changes on the alpha and beta functional diversities of terrestrial mammals in China

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Science China(life Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 2224-2233页

作者： Chao Zhang Yumei li Wei Wang Zexuan Gao hanqing liu Yonggang nie Key laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of life Sciences Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Climate and land-use changes are predicted to impact biodiversity,threatening ecosystem services and ***,their combined effects on the functional diversity of mammals at the regional scale remain unclear,especially at the beta ***,we use projected climate and land-use changes in China to investigate their potential effects on the alpha and beta functional diversities of terrestrial mammals under low-and high-emission *** the current projection,we showed strong positive spatial correlations between functional richness and species *** evenness(FEve),functional specialization(FSpe),and functional originality(FOri)decreased with species richness,and functional divergence(FDiv)increased first and then *** beta diversity was dominated by its nestedness component,in contrast to the taxonomic *** changes in species richness are more strongly influenced by land-use change under the low-emission scenario,while under the high-emission scenario,they are more strongly influenced by climate *** in functional richness(FRic)were inconsistent with those in species richness,with a magnitude of decreases greater than predicted from species ***,mammal assemblages showed potential functional differentiation(FD)across the country,and the trends exceeded those towards taxonomic differentiation(TD).Our findings help us understand the processes underlying biodiversity responses to global changes on multiple facets and provide new insight for conservation plans.

关键词： climate change land-use change functional diversity terrestrial mammals biodiversity conservation

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Coupling of reduced inorganic fertilizer with plant-based organic fertilizer as a promising fertilizer management strategy for colored rice in tropical regions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 93-107页

作者： Tingcheng Zhao Aibin he Mohammad Nauman Khan Qi Yin Shaokun Song lixiao nie Research Center for Physiology and Ecology and Green Cultivation of Tropical Crops School of Breeding and Multiplication(Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)Hainan UniversitySanya 572000China

Colored rice is a type of high-quality,high-added-value rice that has attracted increasing attention in recent *** use of large amounts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer in rice fields results in low fertilizer use efficiency and high environmental *** fertilizer is a promising way to improve soil quality and sustain high ***,most studies focus on the effect of animal-based organic *** effects of different ratios of plantbased organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on the grain yield and quality of colored rice have rarely been ***,a two-year field experiment was conducted in 2020 and 2021 to study the effects of replacing inorganic N fertilizers with plant-based organic fertilizers on the yield,nitrogen use efficiency(NUE),and anthocyanin content of two colored rice varieties in a tropical region in *** experimental treatments included no nitrogen fertilization(T1),100% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer(T2),30%inorganic nitrogen fertilizer substitution with plant-based organic fertilizer(T3),60%inorganic nitrogen fertilizer substitution with plant-based organic fertilizer(T4),and 100% plantbased organic fertilizer(T5).The total nitrogen provided to all the treatments except T1 was the same at 120 kg *** results showed that the T3 treatment enhanced the grain yield and anthocyanin content of colored rice by increasing nitrogen use efficiency compared with *** average,grain yields were increased by 9 and 8%,while the anthocyanin content increased by 16 and 10% in the two colored rice varieties under T3 across the two years,respectively,as compared with *** study of the residual effect of partial substitution of inorganic fertilizers showed that the substitution of inorganic fertilizer with plant-based organic fertilizer improved the soil physiochemical properties,and thus increased the rice grain yield,in the subsequent *** highest grain yield of the subsequent rice crop was observe

关键词： colored rice organic fertilizer soil quality grain yield anthocyanin

Effect of cold-working on corrosion induced damage in lug joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ramanath M.N Chikmath l. Murthy h. Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Aeronautical Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

lug joints are preferred joineries for transferring heavy loads to parent components in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environmental conditions,improper surface finishes and rubbing displacement between the pin and *** causes damage of different sizes and shapes near the *** degradation due to corrosion-induced damage is modelled as a through-pit at one of the identified critical locations through stress *** effect of this pit on fatigue crack initiation life is ***-hole is pre-stressed by cold-working and the benefits of inducing plastic wake on the intended performance of the lug joint during the damages due to corrosion are brought out and compared with non-cold-worked *** analysis is performed on this lug joint with *** results obtained highlight the benefits of cold-working and the methodology can be extended to damage growth and analyse the effect of surface treatments for better structural integrity of components of aerospace vehicles.

关键词： lug joint Corrosion Crack initiation Cold-working Structural integrity