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Childhood malaria in the Niger delta area of Nigeria:mothers/care givers'perception,definition and treatment practices

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第3期2卷 52-58页

作者： Idogun E.Sylvester Airauhi l.u Department of Chemical Pathology University of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin City Department of Medical Microbiology Biology University of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin City

Objective:The objective of the study was to evaluate mothers/care givers perception of malaria,their treatment practices and the effects on the outcome of ***:Four hundred and sixty children were enrolled and their mothers/care givers *** children were screened for malaria parasitaemia and there after,blood specimens were obtained for biochemical and haematological evaluation from those children who met the criteria and tested positive to *** *** cell volume,electrolytes,urea, creatinine,plasma glucose,and serum bilirubin were ***:A total of 460 children were studied, 233(50.7%) males and 227(49.3%) *** malaria cases were 112(24.3%) and severe malaria 348(75.7%).Those who presented early 106(23.0%) and those who presented late 354(77.0%).Perception and definition of malaria as well as the treatment seeking behaviors vary significantly with the level of education of the mothers and care *** without formal education 68(51.9%) wrongly perceived that the etiology of malaria can only be diagnosed by native doctors compared to those with primary six education 61 (26.5%) and junior secondary education 10(10.1%).Only 43(9.3%) gave the correct dose of chloroquine syrup to their sick children,while 32(7.0%) gave at sub optimal ***:Wrong perception of malaria especially the complicated malaria and wrong treatment practices are major contributory factors to the high mortality and morbidity of malaria in *** is therefore a need for health education to correct the wrong ideas about the cause and treatment practices of malaria as part of malaria control programme.

关键词： Childhood malaria Mothers/Caregivers Perception and treatment practices Nigeria

Characteristics of urban boundary layer in heavy haze process based on Beijing 325m tower data

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science letters 2019年第1期12卷 41-49页

作者： SHI Yu Hu Fei lü rui HE Yuanyuan State Key laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Beijing experienced serious haze pol.ution from 24 November 2015 to 2 December *** investigate the planetary boundary layer characteristics,especially turbulence characteristics,the authors analyzed the wind,temperature,humidity,and turbulence characteristics during heavily pol.uted weather by using the observational data of the 325-m meteorological tower in *** results indicate that the pol.ution was mainly caused by the easterly and southerly *** were negative correlations between wind speed,turbulent kinetic energy,friction velocity,and the PM2.5 *** clean days,the wind speed greatly enhanced with height;however,during the period of heavy pol.ution,the wind speed changed a little from the nearsurface layer to the top of the *** contrast,the spatial variability of TKE from the nearsurface layer to the upper layer was not so *** heavy haze pol.ution in this study was often characterized by the emergence of an inversion layer;therefore,the diurnal variation of the boundary layer temperature was very *** the time of serious pol.ution,the relative humidity was near 100%.The diurnal variations of sensible heat flux and water vapor flux were significantly reduced when severe pol.ution occurred.

关键词： Atmospheric boundary layer haze air pol.ution turbulence

Wear of semi-solid rheocast SiC_p/Al metal matrix composites

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2010年第S3期20卷 852-856页

作者： u.A.CuRlE l.IVANCHEV Materials Science and Manufacturing Council for Scientific and Industrial Research(South Africa)

Rheocasting of plates in Al alloy 359 reinforced with SiC at 11%,27% and 50%(volume fractions) exhibits the capability of the council for scientific and industrial research-rheocasting system(CSIR-RCS) in rheo-processing and high pressure die casting of SiC metal matrix *** metal matrix consisting of nearly spherical proeutectic α(Al) globules was *** of fibrous eutectic silicon took place upon heat treatment of the as-cast metal matrix composites(MMCs).Hardness increases as the volume fractions of SiC *** rates of the MMCs in the F and T6 heat treatment conditions were assessed with a metallographic preparation *** is found that the 11% SiC MMC wear rate is higher on SiC abrasives compared with the 50% SiC MMC wear rate due to wear of the aluminum *** trend is reversed on diamond abrasives due to pull-out of the irregular shaped composite *** 50% SiC MMC suffers from composite particle fracture porosity after high pressure die casting(HPDC).

关键词： CSIR-RCS HPDC SiC F condition T6 condition wear rate hardness porosity

On the detection of closed orbits in time-dependent systems by using double-pulse lasers

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第9期72卷 111-117页

作者： S u Khan M l Du Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100190China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

In the photodetachment of atoms or negative ions by a double-pulse laser, the first pulse of the double-pulse laser generates waves and the delayed second pulse may detect them. The phenomenon of the excitation and detection of waves by a double-pulse laser can be used to identify the closed orbits in the system. We demonstrate this phenomenon with a negative hydrogen ion(H^-) by analyzing the total population excited by a double-pulse laser in a timedependent field for different physical parameters. By analyzing the total excited population using a double-pulse laser, we can uncover all the closed orbits existing in the system. We demonstrate that this can be realized by scanning the first pulse position and the time delay between the two pulses.

关键词： double-pulse laser detection of closed orbits photodetachment spectra time-dependent systems

Effect of densification distribution on the Young's modulus of porous coatings after nano-indentation

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Acta Metal.urgica Sinica(English letters) 2012年第5期25卷 383-390页

作者： Xiaojuan l.u Ping XIAO Haiyan lI School of Environment Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Yonghua North Street Baoding 071000 China School of Materials The University of Manchester Manchester M1 7HS UK School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil Engineering The University of Manchester P.O. Box 88Sackville Street Manchester M60 1QD UK

Nano-indentation of a porous ceramic coating leads to crushing and densification of the coating under the indenter. In this work, finite element simulations of indentation on the porous coating have been carried out to study the effect of the size and dis- tribution of densification on Youngts modulus measured by nano-indentation. Two totally different distribution patterns have been simulated in this work. In the case of gradient densification, the Youngts modulus increased by 8.6% when the densifi- cation has occurred in the maximum influenced area. While the Young^s modulus increased by 2% with a uniformed densification. Examinations of the cross-section of the coatings have suggested that the densification after the indentation is close to the second model. The measured Young＇s modulus could have differed by 2%. The effect of densification on the Young＇s modulus measured by using nano-indentation is strongly dependent on the densification patterns of the porous coating.

关键词： Film Mechanical property Finite element simulation Porosity Electron Microscopy

Mechanistic modeling of copper corrosions in data center environments

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 483-492页

作者： rui Zhang Jianshun Zhang Roger Schmidt Jeremy l.Gilbert Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer ScienceSyracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Buildings and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA SyracuseCoE-New York Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems Syracuse University727 E.Washington StreetSyracuseNY13244USA Department of Bioengineering Clemson UniversityClemson-Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering ProgramCharlestonSC29425USA

Air-side economizers are increasingly used to take advantage of“free-cooling”in data centers with the intent of reducing the carbon footprint of ***,they can introduce outdoor pol.utants to indoor environment of data centers and cause corrosion damage to the information technology *** evaluate the reliability of information technology equipment under various thermal and air-pol.ution conditions,a mechanistic model based on multi-ion transport and chemical reactions was *** model was used to predict Cu corrosion caused by Cl_(2)-containing pol.utant *** also accounted for the effects of temperature(25℃and 28℃),relative humidity(50%,75%,and 95%),and *** also identified higher air temperature as a corrosion barrier and higher relative humidity as a corrosion accelerator,which agreed well with the experimental *** average root mean square error of the prediction was 13.7Å.The model can be used to evaluate the thermal guideline for data centers design and operation when Cl_(2)is present based on pre-established acceptable risk of corrosion in data centers’environment.

关键词： chloride pol.utant mixture copper corrosion model data center temperature relative humidity synergistic effect

Combustion efficiency test method in scramjet engine

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航空动力学报 2014年第12期29卷 2862-2867页

作者： GuO rui-qing lI Feng WANG Yun-lei l Fu-guo SHANG Shou-tang TANG Zheng-fu School of Energy and Power Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Combustion Design Office Shenyang Engine Design and Research InstituteAviation Industry Corporation of China

A scramjet engine combustion efficiency measure system was *** combustion efficiency was measured by chromatography method,and the results of chromatography method were compared with those of temperature *** results indicate that the combustion efficiency measured by chromatography method was 80.7%,lower than the combustion efficiency of 84.5%measured by temperature method;the combustion efficiency could be measured more precisely by chromatogram method than by temperature *** combustion efficiency measure system based on chromatogram method can work well,and thus can be used to measure the combustion efficiency of scramjet engine.

关键词： supersonic combustion test combustion efficiency sampling analysis sampling probe

Chondroitinase ABC combined with Schwann cell transplantation enhances restoration of neural connection and functional recovery following acute and chronic spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1467-1482页

作者： Wenrui Qu Xiangbing Wu Wei Wu Ying Wang Yan Sun lingxiao Deng Melissa Walker Chen Chen Heqiao Dai Qi Han Ying Ding Yongzhi Xia George Smith rui li Nai-Kui l.u Xiao-Ming Xu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Hand Surgery the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

Schwann cell transplantation is considered one of the most promising cell-based therapy to repair injured spinal cord due to its unique growth-promoting and myelin-forming properties.A the Food and Drug Administration-approved Phase I clinical trial has been conducted to evaluate the safety of transplanted human autologous Schwann cells to treat patients with spinal cord injury.A major challenge for Schwann cell transplantation is that grafted Schwann cells are confined within the lesion cavity,and they do not migrate into the host environment due to the inhibitory barrier formed by injury-induced glial scar,thus limiting axonal reentry into the host spinal *** we introduce a combinatorial strategy by suppressing the inhibitory extracel.ular environment with injection of lentivirus-mediated transfection of chondroitinase ABC gene at the rostral and caudal borders of the lesion site and simultaneously leveraging the repair capacity of transplanted Schwann cells in adult rats following a mid-thoracic contusive spinal cord *** report that when the glial scar was degraded by chondroitinase ABC at the rostral and caudal lesion borders,Schwann cells migrated for considerable distances in both rostral and caudal *** Schwann cell migration led to enhanced axonal regrowth,including the serotonergic and dopaminergic axons originating from supraspinal regions,and promoted recovery of locomotor and urinary bladder ***,the Schwann cell survival and axonal regrowth persisted up to 6 months after the injury,even when treatment was delayed for 3 months to mimic chronic spinal cord *** findings collectively show promising evidence for a combinatorial strategy with chondroitinase ABC and Schwann cells in promoting remodeling and recovery of function following spinal cord injury.

关键词： axonal regrowth bladder function chondroitinase ABC functional recovery glial scar lentivirus migration Schwann cell spinal cord injury transplantation

Effects of reaction temperature,time and particle size on switchgrass microwave pyrolysis and reaction kinetics

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International Journal of Agricul.ural and Biological Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 53-61页

作者： rui Zhou Hanwu lei James l.Julson Department of Agricul.ural and Biosystems Engineering South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSouth Dakota 57007 USA Bioproducts Sciences and Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Biological Systems EngineeringWashington State UniversityRichlandWashington 99352 USA

This study investigated microwave pyrolysis of switchgrass with particle sizes from 0.5 mm to 4 mm and determined the effects of reaction temperature and time on the yields of bio-oil,syngas,and bio-char.A prediction model was satisfactorily developed to describe the bio-oil conversion yield as a function of reaction temperature and ***-order reaction kinetics was also developed to model the switchgrass *** with different particle sizes was found to be similarly pyrolyzed by microwave *** research results indicated that thermochemical conversion reactions can take place rapidly in large-sized switchgrass by using microwave ***-MS analysis indicates that the bio-oil contained a series of important and useful chemical compounds:phenols,aliphatic hydrocarbons,aromatic hydrocarbons,and furan *** chemical compounds evolved were related to the pyrolysis conditions.

关键词： switchgrass microwave pyrolysis kinetics bio-oil syngas bio-char