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Programmed death-1/programmed death-l1 signaling pathway and its blockade in hepatitis C virus immunotherapy

World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第23期7卷 2449-2458页

作者： Mohamed l Salem Ahmed El-Badawy Center of Excellence in Cancer Research Tanta University Immunology and Biotechnology Division Zoology Department Faculty of Science Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Zewail City of Science and Technology

Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is a public health issue that often progresses to life-threatening complications, including liver cirrhosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Impaired immune responses to HCV are key features of chronic HCV infection. Therefore, intervention strategies usually involve enhancing the immune responses against HCV. Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes(CTls) play a critical role in the control of HCV infection. However, their cytolytic function can be impaired by the expression of co-inhibitory molecules. Programmed death-1(PD-1) receptor and its ligand PD-l1 function in a T cell co-inhibitory pathway, which either blocks the function of CTls or the differentiation of CD8+ T cells. During chronic HCV infection, the immune inhibitory receptor PD-1 is upregulated on dysfunctional HCV-specific CD8+ T cells. As such, blockade of the PD-1/PD-l1 pathway in these CD8+ T cells might restore their functional capabilities. Indeed, clinical trials using therapies to block this pathway have shown promise in the fostering of anti-HCV immunity. Understanding how chronic HCV infection induces upregulation of PD-1 on HCV specific T cells and how the PD-1/PD-l1 interaction develops HCV specific T cell dysfunction will accelerate the development of an efficacious prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination against chronic HCV infections, which will significantly improve HCV treatments and patient survival. In this review, we discuss the relationship between PD-1 expression and clinical responses and the potential use of PD-1 blockade for anti-HCV therapy.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Programmed death-1 Hepatitis C v

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Melting, Oxidation, Evaporation of Particle in-Flight in Plasma Spray Processes

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2003年第z1期19卷 49-52页

作者： H.B.Xiong l.l.Zheng Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794-2300 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794-2300 USA

A comprehensive numerical model has been developed to investigate the transient behaviors of particle characteristics, such as temperature, melting, evaporation, and oxidation status during argon-hydrogen DC plasma *** model includes heat, momentum and mass transfer of carrier gas, and particle heating, melting, evaporationand oxidation. Special attentions have been paid to the evaporation-induced mass transfer and oxidation-inducedevaporation as well as variable non-continuum phenomena.

关键词： Melting, Oxidation, Materials processing, Multi-components reacting flow, Computational heat transfer

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Focal distance tabu search

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第5期64卷 5-16页

作者： Fred GlOVER Zhipeng lü Meta-Analytics Inc. School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Focal distance tabu search modifies a standard tabu search algorithm for binary optimization by augmenting a periodic diversification step that drives the search away from a current best(or elite) solution until the objective function deteriorates beyond a specified threshold or until attaining a lower bound on the distance from the originating solution. The new augmented algorithm combines the threshold and lower bound approaches by introducing an initial focal distance for the lower bound which is updated when the diversification step is completed. However, rather than terminating the diversification step at the customary completion point, focal distance tabu search(TS) retains the focal distance bound through additional search phases designed to improve the objective function, drawing on a strategy proposed with strategic *** algorithm realizes this strategy by partitioning the variables into two sets which are managed together with an abbreviated tabu search process. An advanced version of the approach drives the search away from a collection of solutions rather than a single originating solution, introducing the concept of a signature solution to guide the search. The method can be employed to augment a variety of other metaheuristic algorithms such as those using threshold procedures, late acceptance hill climbing, iterated local search, breakout local search, GRASP, and path relinking.

关键词： tabu search diversification strategic oscillation adaptive partitioning metaheuristics

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Hyperonic neutron stars: reconciliation between nuclear properties and NICER and lIGO/VIRGO results

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2022年第1期74卷 57-63页

作者： luiz l lopes Centro Federal de Educagao Tecnologica de Minas Gerais Campus VIII CEP 37.022-560Varginha-MG-Brasil

Using an extended version of quantum hadrodynamics,I propose a new microscopic equation of state(EoS)that is able to correctly reproduce the main properties of symmetric nuclear matter at the saturation density,as well as produce massive neutron stars and satisfactory results for the radius and the tidal parameter.I show that this EoS can reproduce at least a 2.00 solar mass neutron star,even when hyperons are *** constraints about the radius of a 2.00 M_(⊙) and the minimum mass that enables a direct Urea effect are also checked.

关键词： neutron star nuclear matter tidal deformability DU process hyperons

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Titanium nanoparticles attenuates arsenic toxicity by up-regulating expressions of defensive genes in Vigna radiata l

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第6期32卷 18-27页

作者： Priya Katiyar Bhumika Yadu Jyoti Korram Manmohan l.Satnami Meetul Kumar S.Keshavkant School of Studies in Biotechnology Pt.Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur 492010India School of Studies in Chemistry Pt.Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur 492010India Directorate of International Cooperation Defence Research and Development OrganizationNew Delhi 110001India

Arsenic(As)-toxicity is recognized as one of the major environmental problems,affecting productivity of crops worldwide,thereby threatening sustainable agriculture and food *** in nanotechnology and its impacts have brought up concerns about the application of engineered nanoparticles(NPs)in various sectors of the economy,including the field of *** various NPs,there has been a rising amount of interest regarding the effects of titanium NPs(TiNPs)on plants growth and development,and their fate of abiotic stress ***,the present study was aimed to assess the ameliorative potentialities of chemically and biologically/green synthesized TiNPs to alleviate As-induced toxic responses in Vigna radiata *** results revealed that exposure to As hindered the growth indices(radicle length and biomass)and membrane integrity,while were improved with the application of chemical and green synthesized *** addition,treatment of As provoked the accretion of reactive oxygen species(superoxide and hydrogen peroxide)and malondialdehyde(a lipid per oxidized product),but were diminished by the supplementation of chemical and green manufactured *** experimental data also signified that exogenous application of chemical and green synthesized TiNPs conferred tolerance to As-induced oxidative injuries via perking-up the expressions of antioxidant genes and enzyme systems viz;superoxide dismutase and ***,the present study inferred that chemically and green synthesized TiNPs,particularly green manufactured,effectively mitigated the adverse impacts of As by augmenting antioxidant machinery,thereby proving its potentiality in the alleviation of As-toxicity,at least in Vignaradiata l.

关键词： Antioxidants Arsenic Gene expression Titanium nanoparticles(TiNPs) Reactive oxygen species(ROS) Vigna radiata l

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Principal Value and Its Applications for One Type of Cauchy–FantappièIntegral and the System of Equations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2022年第9期38卷 1537-1550页

作者： lüPing CHEN School of Mathematical Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005P.R.China

It is known that principal value plays vital roles in the study of singular *** this paper,one type of Cauchy–Fantappièintegral with multiple indexes is *** the structure of the kernel is complexity,the Jacobian determinant included in the kernel is expanded for making clearly the expression of the ***,one differential operator is utilized for setting up relations between integrals with higher and usual *** work also concerns the convergent properties of the *** order to study Hadamard principal value and composite formula of this integral,finite and divergent parts will be estimated and *** an application,solvability of the system of integral equations with higher order singularity kernel is discussed.

关键词： Principal value Cauchy–Fantappièintegral piecewise smooth manifold differential operator system of singular integral equation

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A unified approach to output synchronization of heterogeneous multi-agent systems via l2-gain design

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Control Theory and Technology 2017年第4期15卷 340-353页

作者： Shan Zuo Yongduan Song Hamidreza Modares Frank l. lewis Ali Davoudi 1. School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan 611731 China 2. The University of Texas at Arlington Research Institute Fort Worth TX 76118 U.S.A.

In this paper, a unified design procedure is given for output synchronization of heterogeneous multi-agent systems （MAS） on communication graph topologies, using relative output measurements from neighbors. Three different control protocols, namely, full-state feedback, static output-feedback, and dynamic output-feedback, are designed for output synchronization. It is seen that a unified design procedure for heterogeneous MAS can be given by formulation and solution of a suitable local l2-gain design problem. Sufficient conditions are developed in terms of stabilizing the local agents＇ dynamics, satisfying a certain small-gain criterion, and solving the output regulator equations. local design procedures are presented for each agent to guarantee that these sufficient conditions are satisfied. The proposed control protocols require only one copy of the leader＇s dynamics in the compensator, regardless of the dimensions of the outputs. This results in lower-dimensional compensators for systems with high-order outputs, compared to the p-copy internal model approach. All three proposed control protocols are verified using numerical simulations.

关键词： Heterogeneous systems output-feedback output synchronization small-gain theorem

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Association Analysis for Quality Traits in a Diverse Panel of Chinese Sesame(Sesamum indicum l.)Germplasm

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第8期55卷 745-758页

作者： Wenliang Wei Yanxin Zhang Haixia lü Donghua li linhai Wang Xiurong Zhang Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of a sesame （Sesamum indicum l.） panel for association analysis, and investigate the genetic basis of oil content （OC）, protein content, oleic acid concentration, and linoleic acid concentration using association mapping. A panel of 216 sesame accessions was phenotyped in a multi-environment trial and fingerprinted with 608 polymorphic loci produced by 79 primers, including simple sequence repeats （SSRs）, sequence-related amplified polymorphisms （SRAPs）, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms （AFlPs）. Population structure analysis revealed two subgroups in the population. The Q model performed better for its ability to re-identify associations for the four traits at highly significant P-values compared to the other three mixed models. And a total of 35 and 25 associations for the four traits in 2010 and 2011 were identified, respectively, with the Q model after Bonferroni correction. Among those associations, only one for OC was re-identified in two environments, and several markers associated simultaneously with multiple traits were discovered. These results suggest the power and stability of the Q model for association analysis of nutritional traits in this sesame panel for its slight population stratification and familial relationship, which could aid in dissecting complex traits, and could help to develop strategies for improving nutritional quality.

关键词： Association mapping nutritional trait population structure Sesamum indicum l.

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Gaussian Weighted Trajectory Method Ⅳ： No Rainbow Effect in Practice

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2009年第2期22卷 210-214页

作者： l. Bonnet Institut des Sciences Moléulaires Université Bordeaux 1 351 Cours de la Libéation 33405 Talence Cedex France

The Gaussian weighted trajectory method （GWTM） is a practical implementation of classical S matrix theory （CSMT） in the random phase approximation, CSMT being the first and simplest semi-classical approach of molecular collisions, developped in the early seventies. Though very close in spirit to the purely classical description, GWTM accounts to some extent for the quantization of the different degrees-of-freedom involved in the processes. While CSMT may give diverging final state distributions, in relation to the rainbow effect of elastic scattering theory, GWTM has never led to such a mathematical catastrophe. The goal of the present note is to explain this finding.

关键词： Gaussian weighted trajectory method Classical S matrix theory Rainbow effect

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Effect of bias voltage on microstructure of DC magnetron sputtered Al coatings on uranium

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2004年第z1期14卷 247-250页

作者： lü Xue-chao Chinese Acad Engn Phys Mianyang 621900 Peoples R China

The effect of different bias voltages on microstructure of Al coatings on uranium was investigated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray stress analyzer, respectively. The results indicate that the microstructure is influenced strongly by bias voltage. At low bias voltages, especially at -100 V, the structure of Al coatings is more densely packed than that at high bias voltages of -300 V and -400 V, where the structure looks like open dentritic. On the whole, the peak (111) orientation is predominant with the increase of bias voltage, but at -400 V, the diffractive intensity of main peaks (111) and (200) is close to the standard reference. The residual stress on Al coatings surface is small, which has a change from tensile to compressive stress with the increase of bias voltage.

关键词： magnetron sputtering deposition bias voltage coatings microstructure uranium

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