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Neuroprotective effects of G9a inhibition through modulation of peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor gamma-dependent pathways by miR-128

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2532-2542页

作者： Aina Bellver-sanchis Pedro AAvila-lópez Iva Tic David Valle-García Marta Ribalta-Vilella luis labrador Deb Ranjan Banerjee Ana Guerrero Gemma Casadesus Coralie Poulard Mercè Pallàs Christian Grinán-Ferré Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry Institut de Neurociències-Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Institute of Biotechnology National Autonomous University of MexicoCuernavacaMexico Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Health Science Center-University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology DurgapurM G AvenueDurgapurWest BengalIndia Cancer Research Cancer lyon Universitéde LyonLyonFrance Inserm U1052 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance CNRs UMR5286 Centre de Recherche en Cancérlogie de LyonLyonFrance Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain Neuroimmunology Department National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery“Manuel Velasco Suárez”Mexico CityMexico

Dysregulation of G9a,a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase,has been observed in Alzheimer’s disease and has been correlated with increased levels of chronic inflammation and oxidative ***,microRNAs are involved in many biological processes and diseases playing a key role in pathogenesis,especially in multifactorial diseases such as Alzheimer’s ***,our aim has been to provide partial insights into the interconnection between G9a,microRNAs,oxidative stress,and *** better understand the biology of G9a,we compared the global microRNA expression between senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8(sAMP8)control mice and sAMP8 treated with G9a inhibitor *** found a downregulation of miR-128 after a G9a inhibition treatment,which interestingly binds to the 3′untranslated region(3′-UTR)of peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor γ(PPARG)***,Pparg gene expression levels were higher in the sAMP8 group treated with G9a inhibitor than in the sAMP8 control *** also observed modulation of oxidative stress responses might be mainly driven Pparg after G9a *** confirm these antioxidant effects,we treated primary neuron cell cultures with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidative *** this setting,treatment with G9a inhibitor increases both cell survival and antioxidant ***,up-regulation of PPARγby G9a inhibitor could also increase the expression of genes involved in DNA damage responses and *** addition,we also described that the PPARγ/AMPK axis partially explains the regulation of autophagy markers ***,PPARγ/GADD45αpotentially contributes to enhancing synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis after G9a ***,we propose that pharmacological inhibition of G9a leads to a neuroprotective effect that could be due,at least in part,by the modulation of PPARγ-dependent pathways by miR-128.

关键词： aging cognitive decline epigenetics G9a inhibition microRNAs miR-128 peroxisome-proliferator activator receptorγ(PPARγ) PPARG sAMP8

A seed and soil model of loneliness in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2575-2576页

作者： Hannah l.Apostolou Ian M.McDonough Department of Psychology The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA Department of Psychology Binghamton UniversityBinghamtonNYUSA

loneliness is classically defined as a result of perceiving a discrepancy between the desired quantity and quality of one's social life and actual social relationships(Perlman and Peplau,1984).lifespan research has indicated older adults are among the highest risk for experiencing loneliness because their social network size decreases more frequently than that of younger adults.

关键词： Alzheimer younger soil

Missed Pancreaticobiliary Malignancy: The Flaw of the Expedited Cholecystectomy

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surgical science 2024年第7期15卷 451-464页

作者： Dylan s. Goto larissa Fujii-lau linda l. Wong Department of surgery John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Honolulu HI USA Department of Medicine John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Honolulu HI USA

Background: Early cholecystectomy has been recommended for patients with acute cholecystitis and gallstone pancreatitis. However, patients with pancreaticobiliary malignancy may present acutely with similar symptoms. We hypothesize that the diagnoses of these malignancies may potentially be delayed as an unintended consequence of expedited cholecystectomies. This study reviews a cohort of patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) to identify those who underwent a separate cholecystectomy before their PD. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 162 PDs performed between 2012 and 2022. Data collected included: demographics, disease etiology and the presence of cholelithiasis. We identified patients who had a previous cholecystectomy and the time elapsed before PD as well as procedures done during the interval. We reported detailed case summaries on those patients who had a cholecystectomy within 1 year of PD. Results: In the entire cohort, mean age was 65 years, 54% were males, and 83% had a malignant reason for PD. Thirty-one patients had cholelithiasis with 23 (14%) patients having had previous cholecystectomy. six patients had cholecystectomy within 1 year of PD. They had the following malignancies: ampullary—3, pancreas—1, cholangiocarcinoma—1 and neuroendocrine—1. Four of these patients had expedited cholecystectomy on their index hospital admission and were later found to have a periampullary malignancy with further work up. Conclusions: Pancreaticobiliary malignancies can be difficult to diagnose, and surgeons should not overlook these potential diagnoses when considering expedited cholecystectomy. Future studies in large cohorts are needed to identify high risk candidates who should undergo more detailed testing to exclude malignancy before proceeding with cholecystectomy.

关键词： Cholecystectomy Periampullary Malignancy Pancreas Malignancy Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Monte Carlo simulations of Doping Properties of a spin-3/2 Ising Nanotube

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2024年第3期14卷 51-65页

作者： sènan Ida Valérie Hontinfinde Noèl Odjo Joèl Kple Ansèlme Kpadonou Félix Hontinfinde Ecole Nationale suprieure de Gnie Mathmatique et Modlisation (ENsGMM) UNSTIM Abomey Benin Facult des sciences et Techniques Universit dAbomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Institut de Mathmatique et de sciences Physiques Universit dAbomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Ecole Normale suprieure UNSTIM Natitingou Benin

The effect of spin-1 impurities doping on the magnetic properties of a spin-3/2 Ising nanotube is investigated using Monte Carlo simulations within the Blume-Emery-Griffiths model in the presence of an external magnetic field. The thermal behaviors of the order parameters and different macroscopic instabilities as well as the hysteretic behavior of the material are examined in great detail as a function of the dopant density. It is found that the impurities concentration affects all the system magnetic properties generating for some specific values, compensation points and multi-cycle hysteresis. Doping conditions where the saturation/remanent magnetization and coercive field of the investigated material can be modified for permanent or soft magnets synthesis purpose are discussed.

关键词： Doped Ising Nanotube Monte Carlo simulations Compensation Point Phase Transitions Coercive Field

A study of the Comets with large Perihelion Distances C/2019 l3(ATlAs)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 199-213页

作者： Alberto s.Betzler Centro de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Energia e sustentabilidade Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da BahiaFeira de SantanaBahia44.085-132Brazil

This work analyzes the photometric data of the Oort spike comets C/2019 l3(ATlAs)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)obtained between 2016 and 2023 by the ATlAs network and the Belgian Olmen *** comets Palomar and ATlAs have a typical and unusually high activity level,respectively,based on the Afρparameter corrected to phase angle zero at *** absolute magnitude of comets ATlAs and Palomar in the o-band is 4.71±0.05 and 4.16±0.02 *** cometary activity of comets ATlAs and Palomar probably began at r>13 au before perihelion and will end at r>14 au after perihelion,which means that they could remain active until the second half of *** nucleus of comet ATlAs has a minimum radius of 7.9 km,and the nucleus of comet Palomar could be a little *** c-o colors of the comets ATlAs and Palomar are redder and bluer,respectively,at perihelion than the solar twin YBP *** comets showed a bluish trend in the coma color with decreasing heliocentric *** Palomar probably had two outbursts after its perihelion,each releasing about 10^(8)kg of *** slopes of the photometric profile of the comae of these comets were between 1and 1.5,indicating a steady state during the observation campaign.

关键词： individual C/2019 l3(ATlAs) C/2019 O3(Palomar) techniques:photometric methods:data analysis

localized-states quantum confinement induced by roughness in CdMnTe/CdTe heterostructures grown on si(111) substrates

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Journal of semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 28-35页

作者： leonarde N.Rodrigues Wesley F.Inoch Marcos l.F.Gomes Odilon D.D.Couto Jr. Bráulio s.Archanjo sukarno O.Ferreira Physics Department Federal University of ViçosaViçosa36570-900Minas GeraisBrazil Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin Universidade Estadual de CampinasCampinas13083-859São PauloBrazil National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology(Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division(DIMAT)Xerém2525-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil

This work shows that despite a lattice mismatch of almost 20%, CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructures grown directly on si(111) have surprisingly good optical emission properties. The investigated structures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy, macro-and micro-photoluminescence. low temperature macro-photoluminescence experiments indicate three emission bands which depend on the CdTe layer thickness and have different confinement characteristics. Temperature measurements reveal that the lower energy emission band (at 1.48 eV)is associated to defects and bound exciton states, while the main emission at 1.61 eV has a weak 2D character and the higher energy one at 1.71 eV has a well-defined (zero-dimensional, 0D) 0D nature. Micro-photoluminescence measurements show the existence of sharp and strongly circularly polarized (up to 40%) emission lines which can be related to the presence of Mn in the heterostructure. This result opens the possibility of producing photon sources with the typical spin control of the diluted magnetic semiconductors using the low-cost silicon technology.

关键词： CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructure CdTe/CdMnTe quantum emitters quantum dot-like emission silicon(111)substrate

Unsynchronized butyrophilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell killing

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying liu Feng Tian Ying Yu Pengfei Yuan shuaixin Gao Thomas s.Fulford Adam P.Uldrich Catherine C.l Wong Wensheng Wei Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina Center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Cancer Immunology Program Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia state Key laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are specialized effector cells that have gained prominence as immunotherapy agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered pyrophosphate *** our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells,we performed a comprehensive genome-scale CRIsPR screening of cancer *** found that four molecules belonging to the butyrophilin(BTN)family,specifically BTN2A1,BTN3A1,BTN3A2,and BTN3A3,are critically important and play unique,nonoverlapping roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by primary Vγ9Vδ2 T *** coordinated function of these BTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene expression,which was regulated by IFN-γsignaling and the RFX ***,an enzyme called QPCTl was shown to play a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these BTN proteins and was found to be a crucial factor in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell killing of cancer *** our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escape Vγ9Vδ2 T ***,our findings shed light on the importance of the harmonized expression and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： Butyrophilin Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell Cancer-specific immune evasion Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like Pyrophosphate metabolite Immunotherapy

Explainable Conformer Network for Detection of COVID-19 Pneumonia from Chest CT scan: From Concepts toward Clinical Explainability

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1171-1187页

作者： Mohamed Abdel-Basset Hossam Hawash Mohamed Abouhawwash s.s.Askar Alshaimaa A.Tantawy Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The early implementation of treatment therapies necessitates the swift and precise identification of COVID-19 pneumonia by the analysis of chest CT *** study aims to investigate the indispensable need for precise and interpretable diagnostic tools for improving clinical decision-making for COVID-19 *** paper proposes a novel deep learning approach,called Conformer Network,for explainable discrimination of viral pneumonia depending on the lung Region of Infections(ROI)within a single modality radiographic CT ***,an efficient U-shaped transformer network is integrated for lung image ***,a robust transfer learning technique is introduced to design a robust feature extractor based on pre-trained lightweight Big Transfer(BiT-l)and finetuned on medical data to effectively learn the patterns of infection in the input ***,this work presents a visual explanation method to guarantee clinical explainability for decisions made by Conformer *** evaluation of real-world CT data demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of ourmodel outperforms cutting-edge studies with statistical *** Conformer Network achieves 97.40% of detection accuracy under cross-validation *** model not only achieves high sensitivity and specificity but also affords visualizations of salient features contributing to each classification decision,enhancing the overall transparency and trustworthiness of our *** findings provide obvious implications for the ability of our model to empower clinical staff by generating transparent intuitions about the features driving diagnostic decisions.

关键词： Deep learning COVID-19 multi-modal medical image fusion diagnostic image fusion

Optimizing Average Electric Power During the Charging of lithium-Ion Batteries Through the Taguchi Method

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 152-166页

作者： Mohd H.s.Alrashdan Department of Electrical Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMaan 71110Jordan

In recent times, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used owing to their high energy density, extended cycle lifespan, and minimal self-discharge rate. The design of high-speed rechargeable lithium-ion batteries faces a significant challenge owing to the need to increase average electric power during charging. This challenge results from the direct influence of the power level on the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the battery electrodes. In this study, the Taguchi optimization method was used to enhance the average electric power during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries. The Taguchi technique is a statistical strategy that facilitates the systematic and efficient evaluation of numerous experimental variables. The proposed method involved varying seven input factors, including positive electrode thickness, positive electrode material, positive electrode active material volume fraction, negative electrode active material volume fraction, separator thickness, positive current collector thickness, and negative current collector thickness. Three levels were assigned to each control factor to identify the optimal conditions and maximize the average electric power during charging. Moreover, a variance assessment analysis was conducted to validate the results obtained from the Taguchi analysis. The results revealed that the Taguchi method was an eff ective approach for optimizing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries. This indicates that the positive electrode material, followed by the separator thickness and the negative electrode active material volume fraction, was key factors significantly infl uencing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries response. The identification of optimal conditions resulted in the improved performance of lithium-ion batteries, extending their potential in various applications. Particularly, lithium-ion batteries with average electric power of 16 W and 17

关键词： lithium-ion batteries Average electric power during charging Taguchi method COMsOl Multiphysics software C rate l27 orthogonal array