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Resistance to Aspergillus flavus in maize and peanut:Molecular biology, breeding, environmental stress,and future perspectives

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The Crop Journal 2015年第3期3卷 229-237页

作者： Jake C.Fountain Pawan khera liming Yang Spurthi N.Nayak Brian T.Scully Robert D.lee Zhi-Yuan Chen Robert C.kemerait Rajeev k.Varshney Baozhu Guo Department of Plant Pathology University of Georgia Tifton GA USA International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad Telangana India USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Tifton GA USA Huaiyin Normal University School of Life Sciences USDA-ARS US Horticultural Laboratory Fort Pierce FL USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton GA USA Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA USA

The colonization of maize(Zea mays l.) and peanut(Arachis hypogaea l.) by the fungal pathogen Aspergillus flavus results in the contamination of kernels with carcinogenic mycotoxins known as aflatoxins leading to economic losses and potential health threats to humans. The regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis in various Aspergillus spp. has been extensively studied, and has been shown to be related to oxidative stress responses. Given that environmental stresses such as drought and heat stress result in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) within host plant tissues, host-derived ROS may play an important role in cross-kingdom communication between host plants and A. flavus. Recent technological advances in plant breeding have provided the tools necessary to study and apply knowledge derived from metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic studies in the context of productive breeding populations. Here, we review the current understanding of the potential roles of environmental stress, ROS, and aflatoxin in the interaction between *** and its host plants, and the current status in molecular breeding and marker discovery for resistance to A. flavus colonization and aflatoxin contamination in maize and peanut. We will also propose future directions and a working model for continuing research efforts linking environmental stress tolerance and aflatoxin contamination resistance in maize and peanut.

关键词： Host resistance Molecular breeding Aflatoxin contamination Reactive oxygen species ROS

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肾炎:大鼠靶向氧化铁颗粒的MR分子成像

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国际医学放射学杂志 2010年第4期 375-375页

作者： N.J.Serkova B.Renner BA.larsenv C.R.Stoldt k.M.Hasebroock E.l.Bradshaw-pierce 高飞 Department of Medicine University of Colorado-Denver School of Medicine1775 N Aurora CtM20-3103AuroraCO 80045

目的通过超顺磁性氧化铁颗粒(SPIO)靶向狼疮肾炎大鼠模型的C3补体激活物,确定T2W MRI对无创性肾炎定量的可靠性。材料与方法该研究获美国科罗拉多州-丹佛动物保护和使用委员会通过

关键词：大鼠 SPIO 肾炎肾疾病 MR 靶向氧化铁颗粒

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喷物干燥动物血浆粉和免疫球蛋白对早期断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

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饲料工业 2005年第24期26卷 60-60页

作者： J. l. pierce G. l. Cromwell M. D. lindemann l. E. Russell E. M. Weaver

进行了5个试验来评估喷物干燥猪血浆粉（SDPIP）、喷物干燥牛血浆粉（SDBP）和它们不同的分子组分对大约14～21d断奶仔猪的影响。另外，对SDPP和SDBP中含有不同水平免疫球蛋白（IgG）的组分效果进行评估。在试验1中，评估了添加喷物干... 详细信息

进行了5个试验来评估喷物干燥猪血浆粉（SDPIP）、喷物干燥牛血浆粉（SDBP）和它们不同的分子组分对大约14～21d断奶仔猪的影响。另外，对SDPP和SDBP中含有不同水平免疫球蛋白（IgG）的组分效果进行评估。在试验1中，评估了添加喷物干燥猪血浆粉和它的3个组分（富含IgG、白蛋白、低分子量物质）的日粮。在第1周里，饲喂SDPP日粮的猪的生长速度比对照组快肽0．05）、采食量大。富含IgG组分组的日粮对猪提高了平均日增重和日采食量，与饲喂SDPP的相似。富含白蛋白组分的日粮对猪的生长速度没有影响，但含低分子量组分日粮降低试验猪的采食量和生长速度。在试验2和试验3中，

关键词：早期断奶仔猪免疫球蛋白生长性能血浆粉干燥低分子量物质蛋白组分动物 SDPP 日采食量

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Small RNA Profiling Reveals Phosphorus Deficiency as a Contributing Factor in Symptom Expression for Citrus Huanglongbing Disease

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 301-310页

作者： Hongwei Zhao Ruobai Sun Ute Albrecht Chellappan Padmanabhan Airong Wanga Michael D. Coffey Thomas Girke Zonghua Wang Timothy J. Close Mikeal Roose Raymond k. Yokomi Svetlana Folimonova Georgios Vidalakis Robert Rouse kim D. Bowman Hailing Jin Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Institute for Integrative Genome Biology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Present address: Department of Plant Pathology College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA US Horticultural Research laboratory US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service 2001 South Rock Road Fort Pierce FL 34945 USA Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002-China San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Research Center US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service 9611 S. Riverbend Ave Parlier CA 93648 USA Citrus Research and Education Center University of Florida 700 Experiment Station Road Lake Alfred FL 33850 USA University of Florida 2685 State Road29 North immokaleel FL 34142 USA

Huanglongbing （HlB） is a devastating citrus disease that is associated with bacteria of the genus ＇Candidatus liberibacter＇（Ca. l.）. Powerful diagnostic tools and management strategies are desired to control HlB. Host small RNAs （sRNA） play a vital role in regulating host responses to pathogen infection and are used as early diagnostic markers for many human diseases, including cancers. To determine whether citrus sRNAs regulate host responses to HlB, sRNAs were profiled from Citrus sinensis 10 and 14 weeks post grafting with Ca. l. asiaticus （las）-positive or healthy tissue. Ten new microRNAs （miRNAs）, 76 conserved miRNAs, and many small interfering RNAs （siRNAs） were discovered. Several miRNAs and siRNAs were highly induced by las infection, and can be potentially developed into early diagnosis markers of HlB. miR399, which is induced by phosphorus starvation in other plant species, was induced specifically by infection of las but not Spiroplasma citri that causes citrus stubborn--a disease with symptoms similar to HlB. We found a 35% reduction of phosphorus in las-positive citrus trees compared to healthy trees. Applying phosphorus oxyanion solutions to HlB-positive sweet orange trees reduced HlB symptom severity and significantly improved fruit production during a 3-year field trial in south-west Florida. Our molecular, physiological, and field data suggest that phosphorus deficiency is linked to HlB disease symptomology.

关键词： Huanglongbing small RNA miRNA399 disease diagnosis phosphorus deficiency.

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语言指示符号的类型归属问题探析

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广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2017年第4期53卷 15-21页

作者：吕军伟广西大学文学院广西南宁530004

指示类符号的类型归属问题一直是符号类型学的核心分歧之一。然而对于语言指示符号,无论是皮尔斯符号学还是索绪尔符号学皆未给予足够重视。皮尔斯将语言/非语言指示混为一谈,致使其符号分类体系前后矛盾。借助叶姆斯列夫双平面分节思想... 详细信息

指示类符号的类型归属问题一直是符号类型学的核心分歧之一。然而对于语言指示符号,无论是皮尔斯符号学还是索绪尔符号学皆未给予足够重视。皮尔斯将语言/非语言指示混为一谈,致使其符号分类体系前后矛盾。借助叶姆斯列夫双平面分节思想,语言指示符号得以明确区分。指示与指称是语言符号表意的两种基本途径,与指称符号相比,指示符号之特性在于其现实双重关联性及功能化作用。

关键词：符号类型指示符号双平面分节双重关联

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Oxygen availability,rather than ammonia,plays an important role in niche differentiation between comammox Nitrospira and canonical ammonia oxidizers in a neutral purple paddy soil

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Pedosphere 2023年第2期33卷 381-384页

作者： Shuling WANG Zhihui WANG Yongpeng ZHAO Alan lWRIGHT Xianjun JIANG College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715(China) Indian River Research&Education Center University of FloridaFort Pierce FL 34945(USA)

Dear Editor,Nitrification,the only process linking the oxidation and reduction of N in natural ecosystems,plays a vital role in maintaining global N *** oxidation is the first and rate-limiting step of aerobic nitrifi... 详细信息

关键词： paddy soil ammonia

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织物的评定

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江苏丝绸 1992年第5期 39-43页

作者： R.l.Shishoo 虞洋

服装厂是把平幅织物加工成适合人体体型的外套、在生产成衣过程中,加工方法与织物物理机械性能有关。最初客观评价织物机械性能是由皮尔斯(pierce)在织物弯曲和压缩下完成的。但是这种早期的评价方法仅在50～60年代末期由瑞典纺研所(TE... 详细信息

服装厂是把平幅织物加工成适合人体体型的外套、在生产成衣过程中,加工方法与织物物理机械性能有关。最初客观评价织物机械性能是由皮尔斯(pierce)在织物弯曲和压缩下完成的。但是这种早期的评价方法仅在50～60年代末期由瑞典纺研所(TEFO)所用,包括低应力的机械性能,如弯曲、皱折、拉伸、剪切和

关键词：织物成衣弹性恢复 CMA 机械性能力学性质服装厂加工厂线缝面料悬垂系数客观测量机械参数

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Commercial production and horticultural utilization of biodegradable wastes

Commercial production and horticultural utilization of biode...

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International Symposium on Green Technology and Ecosystem Health

作者： P.J.Stoffella D.A.Graetz Z.l.He A.Beany University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural SciencesIndian River Research and Education CenterFort Pierce Department of Soil and Water Science Institute of Food and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Florida

＜正＞landfill sites within the USA have been mandated by Federal and State statues to reduce their waste stream so that their life span can be ultimately extended. This is primarily accomplished through recycling eff... 详细信息

关键词： biodegradable wastes compost horticultural utilization

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Carbon Dioxide Concentrations and light levels on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Juvenile Cacao Genotypes

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第5期12卷 818-839页

作者： Virupax C. Baligar Marshall k. Elson Alex-Alan F. Almeida Quintino R. de Araujo Dario Ahnert Zhenli He USDA-ARS-Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Beltsville USA Department of Biological Science State University of Santa Cruz Ilhéus Brazil Indian River Research and Education Center IFAS University of Florida Fort Pierce USA

In many countries cacao (Theobroma cacao l.) is invariably grown as an understory crop in agroforestry types of cropping systems and subjected to low levels photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) due to presence of... 详细信息

In many countries cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is invariably grown as an understory crop in agroforestry types of cropping systems and subjected to low levels photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) due to presence of large number of upper story shade trees with poorly managed canopy structure. In recent years carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is steadily increasing and it is unclear what impact this will have on performance of cacao grown under shade of upper story shade trees. A climatically controlled greenhouse experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effects of ambient and elevated carbon dioxide (400 and 700 μmol·mol-1) and three levels of PPFD (100, 200, and 400 μmol·m-2·s-1) on growth, and macro- and micronutrient use efficiency of three genetically contrasting cacao genotypes (CCN 51, VB 1117 and NO 81). Intraspecific variations were observed in cacao genotypes for growth parameters at ambient to elevated carbon dioxide and low to adequate levels of PPFD. With the exceptions of total root length and leaf area, irrespective of carbon dioxide and PPFD levels, all three genotypes showed significant differences in all the growth parameters. For all the cacao genotypes, increasing PPFD from 100 to 400 μmol·m-2·s-1 and carbon dioxide from 400 to 700 μmol·mol-1le="font-family:Verdana;">

关键词： Relative Growth Rate Net Assimilation Rate Mineral Nutrient Influx and Transport Mineral Nutrient Uptake Efficiency

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功能障碍性分娩与子宫肌层乳酸酸中毒

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 21-21页

作者： Quenby S. pierce S.J. Brigham S. Wray S. 李跃萍 Dr.Department of Obstetrics Liverpool Women's Hospital Crown Street Liverpool L87SS United Kingdom

OBJECTIVE: Inefficient uterine contractions are the most common cause of poor progress in labor. The global increase in cesarean delivery rate is a cause of considerable concern, and the greatest reason for increase is the result of failure to progress in labor. Following in vitro studies that showed acidification could depress uterine contraction, we hypothesized that it could contribute to dysfunctional labors. METHODS: A blood sample was taken from the lower segment of the uterus from women having a cesarean delivery, either electively or as a result of dysfunctional labor, and from those having a normal labor. This blood sample was analyzed for pH, O2 saturation, and lactate levels. Contraction was recorded in myometrial strips, taken from women having elective cesarean delivery, at the pH of normally and dysfunctionally contracting uteri. RESUlTS: The pH of myometrial capillary blood from women having a dysfunctional labor was significantly lower (7.35) than that from women having elective cesarean delivery (7.49) or cesarean delivery with normal contractions, with (7.47) or without (7.48) oxytocin (P l labor had higher capillary lactate and lower capillary O2 saturation. Furthermore, in vitro, reducing the pH value from 7.5 to 7.3 changes regular uterine contractions to irregular ones of reduced amplitude. CONClUSIONS: Myometrial lactic acidosis and a small decrease in O2 saturation may be contributing factors to dysfunctional labor. Our data may also account for the ineffectiveness in management of dysfunctional labor with oxytocin. Oxytocin with a background of lactate acidosis may not be successful.

关键词：功能障碍性乳酸酸中毒子宫肌层选择性剖宫产乳酸盐氧饱和度子宫收缩无效性下段酸性环境

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