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The Changing Cold Regions Network:Observation,diagnosis and prediction of environmental change in the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Basins,Canada

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第1期58卷 46-60页

作者： Chris M DEBEER Howard S WHEATER William l QUINTON Sean k CAREY Ronald E STEWART Murray D mackay Philip MARSH Global Institute for Water Security University of SaskatchewanNational Hydrology Research Centre Cold Regions Research Centre Wilfrid Laurier University School of Geography and Earth Sciences Mc Master University Department of Environment and Geography University of Manitoba Science and Technology Branch Environment Canada

Climate change is causing rapid and severe changes to many Earth systems and processes,with widespread cryospheric,ecological,and hydrological impacts globally,and especially in high northern *** is of major societal concern and there is an urgent need for improved understanding and predictive tools for environmental *** Changing Cold Regions Network(CCRN)is a Canadian research consortium with a focus to integrate existing and new experimental data with modelling and remote sensing products to understand,diagnose,and predict changing land,water,and climate,and their interactions and feedbacks over the geographic domain of the Mackenzie and Saskatchewan River Basins in *** network operates a set of 14 unique and focused Water,Ecosystem,Cryosphere and Climate(WECC)observatories within this region,which provide opportunities to observe and understand processes and their interaction,as well as develop and test numerical simulation models,and provide validation data for remote sensing *** paper describes this network and its observational,experimental,and modelling *** overview of many of the recent Earth system changes observed across the study region is provided,and some local insights from WECC observatories that may partly explain regional patterns and trends are *** of the model products being developed are discussed,and linkages with the local to international user community are reviewed—In particular,the use of WECC data towards model and remote sensing product calibration and validation is *** future activities and prospects for the network are also presented at the end of the paper.

关键词： climate change cryosphere hydrology atmospheric science ecology modelling Canada

New approaches to characterizing urban air particles in central london

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第3期11卷 367-372页

作者： A.W.mackay X.long N.l.Rose R.W.Battarbee Environmental Change Research Centre University College London26 Bedford WayLondon.WC1H0APUK

Atmospheric particles in central london during July 1996 have been apportioned to sources by two complimentary techniques: (1) morphological characteristics, determined using high power light microscopy; (2) chemical composition determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy. During the study period, the majority of particles were found to be either biological in origin, or from vehicle related combustion processes. Trends in the latter group of particles are explored further. Numbers of particles per cubic metre were determined at an hourly resolution over a period of six days, and were found to be significantly correlated with other traffic pollutants such as benzene and 1,3 butadiene, although there is no relationship with mass of PM10 as measured by a nearby Uk Government monitoring station. We suggest in this paper that numbers of particles from car exhausts are more representative of traffic pollution than current estimates which use monitoring by mass.

关键词： urban air pollution particulates london PM10s high power microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Mechanisms involved in selecting and maintaining neuroblastoma cancer stem cell populations, and perspectives for therapeutic targeting

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第7期13卷 685-736页

作者： Antonietta Rosella Farina lucia Annamaria Cappabianca Veronica Zelli Michela Sebastiano Andrew Reay mackay Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences University of L'AquilaL'Aquila 67100AQItaly

Pediatric neuroblastomas(NBs)are heterogeneous,aggressive,therapy-resistant embryonal tumours that originate from cells of neural crest(NC)origin and in particular neuroblasts committed to the sympathoadrenal progenitor cell *** resistance,post-therapeutic relapse and subsequent metastatic NB progression are driven primarily by cancer stem cell(CSC)-like subpopulations,which through their self-renewing capacity,intermittent and slow cell cycles,drug-resistant and reversibly adaptive plastic phenotypes,represent the most important obstacle to improving therapeutic outcomes in unfavourable *** this review,dedicated to NB CSCs and the prospects for their therapeutic eradication,we initiate with brief descriptions of the unique transient vertebrate embryonic NC structure and salient molecular protagonists involved NC induction,specification,epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migratory behaviour,in order to familiarise the reader with the embryonic cellular and molecular origins and background to *** follow this by introducing NB and the potential NC-derived stem/progenitor cell origins of NBs,before providing a comprehensive review of the salient molecules,signalling pathways,mechanisms,tumour microenvironmental and therapeutic conditions involved in promoting,selecting and maintaining NB CSC subpopulations,and that underpin their therapy-resistant,self-renewing metastatic ***,we review potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects for targeting and eradication of these bastions of NB therapeutic resistance,post-therapeutic relapse and metastatic progression.

关键词： Neural crest Neuroblastoma Cancer stem cells Polyploid giant cancer cells molecular mechanisms Therapeutic targeting Tumour microenvironment

Neutrophils in cancer—unresolved questions

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Science China(life Sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 1829-1841页

作者： Melissa S.F.Ng leonard Tan Quanbo Wang Charles R.mackay lai Guan Ng Singapore Immunology Network(SIgN) A*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)Biopolis 138648Singapore School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong Analysis and Test CenterQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250014China State key laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institute of HematologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China

There is growing recognition that neutrophils play an important role in cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Although they are typically characterized as short-lived effector cells, neutrophils have been shown to acquire immunosuppressive and pro-tumorigenic functions that promote tumor progression and escape. As such, inhibition of their function or depletion of neutrophils are being explored as potential cancer therapies. However, growing evidence of neutrophil diversification in cancer and their potential anti-tumor roles raise many unresolved questions. Here, we review recent advances that address the definition,origin and function of neutrophils in cancer, and elaborate on obstacles that make the study of neutrophils challenging. We envision that this review will provide the groundwork for focused design of therapeutics that will specifically target "tumorreprogrammed" neutrophils while sparing normal neutrophils to improve patient outcomes.

关键词： neutrophils cancer myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs) immunotherapy

Translating current biomedical therapies for long duration,deep space missions

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2019年第4期2卷 259-269页

作者： Sonia Iosim Matthew mackay Craig Westover Christopher E.Mason Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA The WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA

It is been shown that spaceflight-induced molecular,cellular,and physiologic changes cause alterations across many modalities of the human body,including cardiovascular,musculoskeletal,hematological,immunological,ocular,and neurological *** Twin Study,a multi-year,multi-omic study of human response to spaceflight,provided detailed and comprehensive molecular and cellular maps of the human response to radiation,microgravity,isolation,and *** rich data identified epigenetic,gene expression,inflammatory,and metabolic responses to spaceflight,facilitating a better biomedical roadmap of features that should be monitored and safe-guarded in upcoming ***,by exploring new developments in pre-clinical models and clinical trials,we can begin to design potential cellular interventions for exploration-class missions to Mars and potentially *** paper will discuss the overall risks astronauts face during spaceflight,what is currently known about human response to these risks,what pharmaceutical interventions exist for use in space,and which tools of precision medicine and cellular engineering could be applied to aerospace and astronaut medicine.

关键词： NASA spaceflight International Space Station NASA Twin Study multi-scale omics

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γ射线导致大蜡螟不育

核农学通报 1980年第1期 37-39页

作者： D.W.Walker H.Singh k.P.mackay 李元英美国波多黎各大学波多黎各核子中心

大蜡螟（Galleria mellonella l,Pyralidae,lepidoptera）成虫用Coγ射线2万2千拉德或稍低剂量处理即可导致不育。雄虫不育不能恢复。雌虫用6千6百拉德分次照射比1万3千2百拉德一次照射有更好的效果。对于雄虫,分次剂量和一次剂量的效... 详细信息

大蜡螟（Galleria mellonella l,Pyralidae,lepidoptera）成虫用Coγ射线2万2千拉德或稍低剂量处理即可导致不育。雄虫不育不能恢复。雌虫用6千6百拉德分次照射比1万3千2百拉德一次照射有更好的效果。对于雄虫,分次剂量和一次剂量的效果相等。大蜡螟是一种世界性的蜜蜂害虫,它的生活史、习性、行为等已比较清楚。由于它容易饲养,繁殖快,幼虫期短,成虫寿命长,蛹期和成虫期雌雄容易鉴别,所以是很好的实验材料。本研究的目的是解决:1.使雄性成虫不育所需的剂量范围,2.不育雄虫能否恢复生殖能力,3.分次剂量照射是否比一次剂量更有效。

关键词：雌虫受精卵拉德雄虫分次照射剂量用药量 γ射线 γ辐射电磁波

Immune response activation following hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal metastases:A pilot study

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第6期11卷 397-404页

作者： Giammaria Fiorentini Donatella Sarti Alberto Patriti Emilio Eugeni Francesco Guerra Francesco Masedu Andrew Reay mackay Stefano Guadagni Department of Onco-Hematology Azienda Ospedaliera“Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord”Pesaro 61122Italy Department of General Surgery Azienda Ospedaliera“Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord”Pesaro 61122Italy Department of Applied Clinical Sciences and Biotechnology University of L’AquilaL’Aquila 67100Italy

BACkGROUND Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)for peritoneal metastases(PM)is considered to be feasible,safe and to improve *** To investigate whether an immune response is activated following HIPEC for *** Six patients were enrolled in this *** blood samples were obtained from each patient prior to(day 0)and post-procedure(day 30),and used to evaluate the number of CD3+total,CD3+/CD4+T-Helper,CD3+/CD8+cytotoxic T,CD3+/CD56+natural killer and CD19+B lymphocyte numbers,and CD4+:CD8+T lymphocyte *** The total numbers of CD3+,CD3+/CD4+T-Helper,CD3+/CD8+cytotoxic T,CD3+/CD56+natural killer and CD19+B lymphocytes,and CD4+:CD8+lymphocyte ratios were increased in all but one patient 30 d following the cytoreductive surgery-HIPEC procedure,and these increases were significant(P≤0.05)for CD3+/CD4+T Helper and CD3+/CD8+cytotoxic T lymphocyte *** This report provides the first evidence that HIPEC exhibits immunomodulating activity in PM patients,resulting in generalized activation of the adaptive immune ***,the majority of lymphocyte populations increased following HIPEC and continued to be elevated several weeks following the procedure,consistent with a potential authentic immunomodulating effect rather than a normal inflammatory response,to be fully characterised in future studies.

关键词： Immune response Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy Peritoneal metastases Regulatory T lymphocytes Pseudomyxoma peritonei Colorectal cancer

宫内降压药暴露与新生儿结局:一项连锁数据队列研究

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中华高血压杂志 2020年第4期28卷 399-399页

作者：刘青(译) 叶鹏(摘/审校) Fitton CA Fleming M Steiner MFC Aucott l Pell JP mackay DF Mclay JS 不详

妊娠期高血压疾病是母亲和胎儿的重要风险,往往需要降压治疗。描述胎儿宫内接受降压治疗安全性的数据相互矛盾,许多研究都存在重大的方法学缺陷,例如研究设计不当,样本量小,没有未经治疗的对照组。研究者使用2010-2014年在苏格兰出生的2... 详细信息

妊娠期高血压疾病是母亲和胎儿的重要风险,往往需要降压治疗。描述胎儿宫内接受降压治疗安全性的数据相互矛盾,许多研究都存在重大的方法学缺陷,例如研究设计不当,样本量小,没有未经治疗的对照组。研究者使用2010-2014年在苏格兰出生的268711名儿童的医疗记录进行了回顾性队列研究,以评估母亲怀孕期间接受降压药物治疗对胎儿结局的影响。研究者确定了在研究期间出生的265488名符合入选标准的儿童队列,其中2350名在宫内暴露于抗高血压药物治疗,4391名暴露于治疗的晚发型高血压,7971名暴露于在妊娠期未经治疗的高血压。

关键词：医疗记录妊娠期高血压疾病回顾性队列研究降压治疗新生儿结局抗高血压药物晚发型宫内暴露

Search for the rare decays W^(+)→D_(s)^(+)γ and Z→D^(0)γ at lHCb

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第9期47卷 14-26页

作者： R.Aaij A.S.W.Abdelmotteleb C.Abellan Beteta F.Abudinén T.Ackernley B.Adeva M.Adinolfi P.Adlarson H.Afsharnia C.Agapopoulou C.A.Aidala Z.Ajaltouni S.Akar k.Akiba J.Albrecht F.Alessio M.Alexander A.Alfonso Albero Z.Aliouche P.Alvarez Cartelle R.Amalric S.Amato J.l.Amey Y.Amhis l.An l.Anderlini M.Andersson A.Andreianov M.Andreotti D.Andreou D.Ao F.Archilli A.Artamonov M.Artuso E.Aslanides M.Atzeni B.Audurier S.Bachmann M.Bachmayer J.J.Back A.Bailly-reyre P.Baladron Rodriguez V.Balagura W.Baldini J.Baptista de Souza leite M.Barbetti R.J.Barlow S.Barsuk W.Barter M.Bartolini F.Baryshnikov J.M.Basels G.Bassi B.Batsukh A.Battig A.Bay A.Beck M.Becker F.Bedeschi I.B.Bediaga A.Beiter V.Belavin S.Belin V.Bellee k.Belous I.Belov I.Belyaev G.Benane G.Bencivenni E.Ben-Haim A.Berezhnoy *** *** Andres D.Berninghoff H.C.Bernstein C.Bertella A.Bertolin C.Betancourt F.Betti Ia.Bezshyiko S.Bhasin J.Bhom l.Bian M.S.Bieker N.V.Biesuz S.Bifani P.Billoir A.Biolchini M.Birch F.C.R.Bishop A.Bitadze A.Bizzeti M.P.Blago T.Blake F.Blanc J.E.Blank S.Blusk D.Bobulska J.A.Boelhauve O.Boente Garcia T.Boettcher A.Boldyrev C.S.Bolognani R.Bolzonella N.Bondar F.Borgato S.Borghi M.Borsato J.T.Borsuk S.A.Bouchiba T.J.V.Bowcock A.Boyer C.Bozzi M.J.Bradley S.Braun A.Brea Rodriguez J.Brodzicka A.Brossa Gonzalo J.Brown D.Brundu A.Buonaura l.Buonincontri A.T.Burke C.Burr A.Bursche A.Butkevich J.S.Butter J.Buytaert W.Byczynski S.Cadeddu H.Cai R.Calabrese l.Calefice S.Cali R.Calladine M.Calvi M.Calvo Gomez P.Campana D.H.Campora Perez A.F.Campoverde Quezada S.Capelli l.Capriotti A.Carbone G.Carboni R.Cardinale A.Cardini P.Carniti l.Carus A.Casais Vidal R.Caspary G.Casse M.Cattaneo G.Cavallero V.Cavallini S.Celani J.Cerasoli D.Cervenkov A.J.Chadwick M.G.Chapman M.Charles Ph.Charpentier C.A.Chavez Barajas M.Chefdeville C.Chen S.Chen A.Chernov S.Chernyshenko V.Chobanova S.Cholak M.Chrzaszcz A.Chubykin V.Chulikov P.Ciambrone M.F.Cicala X.Cid Vidal G.Ciezarek G.Ciullo P.E.l.Clarke M.Clemencic H.V.Cliff J.Closier J.l.Cobbledick V.Coco J.A.B.Coelho J.Cogan E.Cognera Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas(CBPF) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Center for High Energy Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Institute Of High Energy Physics(IHEP) BeijingChina School of Physics State key laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRSIN2P3-LAPPAnnecyFrance UniversitéClermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3LPCClermont-FerrandFrance Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3CPPMMarseilleFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3IJCLabOrsayFrance laboratoire leprince-Ringuet CNRS/IN2P3Ecole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance lPNHE Sorbonne UniversitéParis Diderot Sorbonne Paris CitéCNRS/IN2P3ParisFrance I.Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Fakultat Physik Technische Universitat DortmundDortmundGermany Max-Planck-Institut für kernphysik(MPIk) HeidelbergGermany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany School of Physics University College DublinDublinIreland INFN Sezione di Bari BariItaly INFN Sezione di Bologna BolognaItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara FerraraItaly INFN Sezione di Firenze FirenzeItaly INFN laboratori Nazionali di Frascati FrascatiItaly INFN Sezione di Genova GenovaItaly INFN Sezione di Milano MilanoItaly INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca MilanoItaly INFN Sezione di Cagliari MonserratoItaly Universitàdegli Studi di Padova Universitàe INFNPadovaPadovaItaly INFN Sezione di Pisa PisaItaly INFN Sezione di Roma la Sapienza RomaItaly INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata RomaItaly Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics AmsterdamNetherlands Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands AGH-University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Scienc

A search for the rare decays W^(+)→D_(s)^(+)γ and Z→D0γis performed using proton-proton collision data collected by the lHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV,corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.0fb−*** significant signal is observed for either decay mode and upper limits on their branching fractions are set using W^(+)→D_(s)^(+)γ and Z→μ+μ−decays as normalization *** upper limits are 6.5×10^(−4) and 2.1×10^(−3) at 95% confidence level for the W^(+)→D_(s)^(+)γ and Z→D^(0)γ decay modes,*** is the first reported search for the Z→D^(0)γ decay,while the upper limit on the W+→D+sγbranching fraction improves upon the previous best limit.

关键词： W/Z boson rare decay upper limit of branching fraction