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Vegetation dynamics at the southern edge of the Siberian mountain taiga

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第2期22卷 451-465页

作者： iM Sergei T KHARUK Viacheslav i PETROV il'ya A SHUSHPANOV Alexander S DViNSKAYA Maria l ONDAR Sergei O V.N.Sukachev institute of Forest Krasnoyarsk Science Centre of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of ScienceKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia institute of Ecology and Geography Institute of Space and Information TechnologiesSiberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660041Russia laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecology Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia institute of Space Research and High Technologies Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and TechnologyKrasnoyarsk 660014Russia Department of Biology and Ecology Tuvan State UniversityKyzyl 667000Russia

The growth,survival,and mortality of conifer species in response to the hydrothermal regime have received considerable *** is expected that the highest sensitivity of trees to the warming-drying climate will occur mainly at the edges of the species *** focused on the responses to climate change of the drought-resistant larch(larix sibirica)and the moisture-sensitive Siberian pine(Pinus sibirica)along the elevation gradient in the Tannu-Ola Ridge,the southern margin where those two species coexist in Siberia by using satellite data(MODiS,landsat,and microwave),the indexes of gross(GPP)and net(NPP)primary productivity,and tree radial growth index(Gi).We found that since the warming restart in the 2000s,the area of larch-dominated forests increased by~150%while the area of pine-dominated forests decreased by~10%.The Siberian pine has retreated at low elevations(increased its area at higher *** contrast,the area of larch stands increased in both the uphill and downhill ***(Betula spp.)also increased its area at low elevations(about+120%).Since 2001,the forested area increased by~5%.A shrubification,i.e.,an increase in the area of shrubs,was observed at high *** uphill rate of timberline and shrubline migration was about 0.3 m/*** the 2000s,vegetation NPP has increased by 13%.A notable correlation between NPP and the Gi of larch and pine was found(r=0.5-0.7).At lower elevations,NPP positively correlated with precipitation and soil moisture,while air temperature and VPD(vapor pressure deficit)increase inhibited *** high elevations,the effects of these variables on productivity *** continuous decline of the Siberian pine forest indicates an inevitable retreat of this species at low elevations and its replacement by larch and birch.

关键词： Trees range changes Mountain taiga Siberian larch Siberian pine Timberline Shrubification Tree uphill migration Forest population dynamics Ecological resilience Habitat suitability

Morphology and phylogeny of two species of Bathypathes from the tropical western Pacific,with description of a new species

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2025年第1期43卷 248-260页

作者： Ting lÜ Zifeng ZHAN Kuidong XU laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and ConservationInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The black coral genus Bathypathes Brook,1889 represents a relatively diverse and ecologically important assemblage comprising the deep-sea hard substrate *** phylogenetic investigations have revealed the polyphyletic nature of Bathypathes,urging further morphological analysis to understand its *** combing morphological and molecular data,we describe Bathypathes multifurcata *** report *** Molodtsova,Opresko&Wagner,2022based on the specimens collected from the tropical western *** phylogenetic topology reconstructed using nuclear iTS1-5.8S-iTS2 and three mitochondrial fragments suggests the separation of Bathypathes into four *** analysis of morphological characters,particularly the colony branch and pinnule patterns also roughly classify Bathypathes into four morphological groups A–*** A is characterized by the unbranched colony and the subopposite arrangement of *** contrast to Group A,Groups B–D have the alternately arranged *** these,Group C exhibits a distinctly long unpinnulated stem compared to Groups B and *** B has unbranched colony,relatively short unpinnulated stem,and spines on pinnules have blunt *** Group D,large colonies(higher than 40 cm)have one or a few branches,small colonies(less than 40 cm)are unbranched,and spines on pinnules have acute *** data particularly those species without sequences are necessary to verify the classification of these groups.

关键词： Antipatharia black coral taxonomy phylogeny seamount western Pacific

Magnetosymbiosis discovery:new perspectives in magnetotaxis research

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2025年第1期43卷 177-186页

作者： Caroline l.MONTEil Christopher T.lEFEVRE Aix-Marseille Université CEACNRSInstitute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-MarseilleSaint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115France

Magnetotactic bacteria have been the only known magnetoreceptive microorganisms for *** if the existence of magnetotactic protists was suggested in 1986,this is only 30 years later that magnetotaxis was extended to the domain of Eukaryota,thanks to the characterization of magnetotactic symbiotic assemblies composed of a flagellated protist and bacteria biomineralizing magnetic *** mutualistic ectosymbiosis relies on a collective magnetotaxis coupled to a hydrogen-based *** new form of cooperation challenges our view of magnetic biomineralization in prokaryotes and magnetoreception in *** this review,we present how magnetosymbiosis was discovered and how cooperation ***,we discuss the future research and the new perspectives such discovery brought to the field of magnetotaxis.

关键词： magnetotaxis biomineralization symbiosis magnetotactic

Beginning from the end:the presynaptic terminal as a pathomechanism hub in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3217-3218页

作者： laura Huggon Emma l.Clayton UK Dementia Research institute at King’s College london LondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology&NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:Frontotemporal dementia(F T D)and amyo t rophic lateral sclerosis(AlS)are neurodegenerative diseases with significant overlapping *** these neurodegenerative diseases affect different neuronal populations(with FTD affecting neurons of the frontal and temporal lobes,and AlS affecting upper and lower motor neurons),these two diseases are complexly *** and AlS exist on a disease spectrum,with shared genetic causes,clinical presentations,and pathologies.

关键词： diseases amyotrophic sclerosis

Seismites of the late Triassic lockatong Formation,Pennsylvania,USA:implications for Newark Basin border fault movement

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第1期14卷 1-14页

作者： Edward l.Simpson Michael C.Wizevich David l.Fillmore Department of Physical Sciences Kutztown University of Pennsylvania Department of Earth and Space Sciences Central Connecticut State University

Numerous soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS) within thin-bedded, heterolithic lacustrine shoreline deposits of the Upper Triassic Tumble Falls Member, lockatong Formation of eastern Pennsylvania, demonstrate liquefaction, fluidization and shearing features processes affecting sediment. This study employs thin-section analysis of SSDS to interpret them as probable seismites from the Triassic-Jurassic Newark Basin. Sedimentary structures include right-lateral offset of desiccation cracks and ichnofossils, thrust,reverse, and normal faults with mm-scale offsets, horsts and grabens, lateral spreads, and single and complex multiple networks of dikes and sills and associated sedimentary volcanoes, thin mudflows on a paleosurface linked to sediment dikes, load and flame structures, ball and pillow structures, recumbent folds, and incipient breccias. Dike fill consists of mudstone, angular sedimentary clasts, sandstone margins with mudstone cores,and plastically deformed sediment fill. The SSDS indicate that late Triassic lacustrine shoreline sediments were subjected to forces, probably compressive with a minimal shear component reflected in the offset of the dikes and ichnofossils, that induced liquefaction followed by fluidization and vertical movement of *** forces that altered sediment vertical stability, leading to deformation of the sediment included gravitationally unstable density gradients, vertical shear stress, and gravitational body forces. SSDS can be induced by seismic and aseismic processes. However, this unique combination of forces and resulting sedimentary structures indicate an origin by earthquake activity, likely produced by the nearby, active Newark Basin border fault system. The lockatong Formation SSDS seismites improve our understanding via thin section analysis of the rheology and preservation potential of SSDS in lacustrine shoreline deposits, critical for the geologic history of Newark Basin, as well as the refinement for paleos

关键词： Seismites Triassic lockatong Formation lacustrine Soft-sediment deformation structures

Force and impulse multi-sensor based on flexible gate dielectric field effect transistor

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 214-220页

作者： Chao Tan Junling lü Chunchi Zhang Dong liang lei Yang Zegao Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China The 54th Research institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Shijiazhuang 050081China

Nowadays,force sensors play an important role in industrial production,electronic information,medical health,and many other ***-dimensional material-based filed effect transistor(2D-FET)sensors are competitive with nano-level size,lower power consumption,and accurate ***,few of them has the capability of impulse detection which is a path function,expressing the cumulative effect of the force on the particle over a period of *** we fabricated the flexible polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)gate dielectric MoS_(2)-FET for force and impulse sensor *** systematically investigated the responses of the sensor to constant force and varying forces,and achieved the conversion factors of the drain current signals(i_(ds))to the detected impulse(i).The applied force was detected and recorded by i_(ds)with a low power consumption of~30 *** sensitivity of the device can reach~8000%and the 4×1 sensor array is able to detect and locate the normal force applied on ***,there was almost no performance loss for the device as left in the air for two months.

关键词： flexible gate dielectric transistor force sensor impulse sensor force sensor array

Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

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international Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong Hou Shuo Zhang Jie Dang Jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTiR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy

Effects of application date and rate of foliar-applied glyphosate on pine seedlings in Turkey

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第3期29卷 583-591页

作者： Mehmet Can cap Derya Essn Department of Forest Engineering Faculty of ForestryDüzce UniversityKonuralp Yerleskesi81620 DüzceTurkey

Glyphosate is the herbicide most extensively used for site preparation and conifer release. it is a broadspectrum herbicide and therefore crop safety is a critical issue. This study assessed the early effects of 14 different treatments, including no weed control, manual weed control, and 12 foliar-applied herbicide treatments at low,intermediate, high, and highest application rates and application timing on glyphosate phytotoxicity of containerized seedlings of Austrian pine(Pinus nigra ***.), Scots pine(P. sylvestris l.) and maritime pine(*** Aiton), conifer species widely used for afforestation and supplementary plantings in Turkish forestry. in general, Scots pine seedlings were tolerant to glyphosate compared to the other species. Glyphosate phytotoxicity varied significantly according to the time and rate of application. Seedlings were relatively tolerant to glyphosate in April whereas they were intolerant in May. The highest herbicide rate(1.2% v:v) was consistently phytotoxic to all species. Moreover, the effect of herbicide rate on seedling survival and growth varied significantly according to application date(i.e., application rate 9 date interaction). Seedlings appeared tolerant to glyphosate at low and intermediate rates(0.2, 0.4% v:v) between midspring and mid-summer, whereas they demonstrated significant sensitivity to the highest rate across all time periods. Glyphosate at the high rate(0.8% v:v) was particularly more phytotoxic when applied in May. Application of glyphosate at rates up to 0.8% could be recommended for weed control without significant pine damage in midspring when the needles presumably have a dense leaf epicuticular wax layer limiting herbicide *** of 0.8 and 1.2% v:v are not recommended during May–June.

关键词： Application date and rate Glyphosate screening Pines Seedling tolerance

Plant Cell Wall-like Soft Materials:Micro-and Nanoengineering,Properties,and Applications

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Nano-Micro letters 2025年第5期17卷 37-77页

作者： Roya Koshani Mica l.Pitcher Jingyi Yu Christine l.Mahajan Seong H.Kim Amir Sheikhi Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Biology The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Materials Research institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Huck institutes of the life Sciences The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Neurosurgery College of MedicineThe Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA

Plant cell wall(CW)-like soft materials,referred to as artificial CWs,are composites of assembled polymers containing micro-/nanoparticles or fibers/fibrils that are designed to mimic the composition,structure,and mechanics of plant ***-like materials have recently emerged to test hypotheses pertaining to the intricate structure–property relationships of native plant CWs or to fabricate functional ***,research on plant CWs and CW-like materials is reviewed by distilling key studies on biomimetic composites primarily composed of plant polysaccharides,including cellulose,pectin,and hemicellulose,as well as organic polymers like ***-and nanofabrication of plant CW-like composites,characterization techniques,and in silico studies are reviewed,with a brief overview of current and potential ***-/nanofabrication approaches include bacterial growth and impregnation,layer-by-layer assembly,film casting,3-dimensional templating microcapsules,and particle *** characterization techniques are necessary for the comprehensive mechanical,chemical,morphological,and structural analyses of plant CWs and CW-like ***-like materials demonstrate versatility in real-life applications,including biomass conversion,pulp and paper,food science,construction,catalysis,and reaction *** review seeks to facilitate the rational design and thorough characterization of plant CW-mimetic materials,with the goal of advancing the development of innovative soft materials and elucidating the complex structure–property relationships inherent in native CWs.

关键词： Synthetic plants Biomimicry Acellular wall Composites living materials Soft matter