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磁共振波谱在中医药研究中的应用进展

磁共振成像 2024年第4期15卷 229-234页

作者：吴双吕智桢周星辰利涛洪泽孙佳雨吕立江浙江中医药大学附属第三医院(浙江省中山医院)推拿科杭州310005 浙江中医药大学第三临床医学院杭州310053

磁共振波谱(magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS)将磁共振数据应用于测定分子结构的谱学技术,为中医药领域的机制研究和发展提供了创新性的研究手段,有助于深化对中医药理论的现代化理解,推动中医药学科的持续发展。通过MRS技术可以... 详细信息

磁共振波谱(magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS)将磁共振数据应用于测定分子结构的谱学技术,为中医药领域的机制研究和发展提供了创新性的研究手段,有助于深化对中医药理论的现代化理解,推动中医药学科的持续发展。通过MRS技术可以探测脑内代谢物及体外鉴定体液或组织中存在的未知化合物,揭示中医药手段干预下的脑中枢机制。本研究聚焦于MRS技术概述、MRS技术与中医药领域结合的优势、MRS技术在中医药领域的应用研究现状等方面进行总结,并探讨MRS技术在中医药领域应用的既往研究空白与缺陷,以期为研究者提供有益参考。

关键词：磁共振波谱中医药应用研究作用机制磁共振成像脑代谢

live-cell fluorescence imaging of ciliary dynamics

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Biophysics Reports 2021年第2期7卷 101-110页

作者： Quanlong lü Chuanmao Zhang Christopher J.Westlake laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation College of Life Sciences Peking University

The cilium was one of the first organelles observed through a microscope. Motile cilia appear as oscillating cell appendages and have long been recognized to function in cell motility. In contrast, the far more widespread non-motile cilia, termed primary cilia, were thought to be vestigial and largely ignored following their initial description over a century ago. Only in the last two decades has the critical function of primary cilia been elucidated. Primary cilia play essential roles in signal transduction,chemical sensation, mechanosensation and light detection. Various microscopy approaches have been important for characterizing the structure, dynamics and function of the cilia. In this review, we discuss the application of live-cell imaging technologies and their contribution to our current understanding of ciliary processes.

关键词： Cilia Ciliogenesis Ciliary dynamics live-cell fluorescence imaging

loss of mismatch repair signaling impairs the WNT–bone morphogenetic protein crosstalk and the colonic homeostasis

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第6期12卷 410-423页

作者： Katrine Nørgaard Carolin Müller Nadja Christensen María l.Chiloeches Cesilie l.Madsen Sabine S.Nielsen Tine E.Thingholm Antoaneta Belcheva Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Southern DenmarkCampusvej 555230 Odense MDenmark Department of Molecular Medicine University of Southern DenmarkJ.B.Winsløws Vej 255230 Odense MDenmark

The fine balance between proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis in the colonic epithelium is tightly controlled by the interplay between WNT,Notch,and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)*** these complex networks coordinate the colonic homeostasis,especially if cancer predisposing mutations such as mutations in the DNA mismatch repair(MMR)are present,is *** of the MMR system has long been linked to colorectal cancer;however,little is known about its role in the regulation of the colonic *** has been shown that loss of MMR promotes the proliferation of colon epithelial cells that renders them highly susceptible to *** mechanism through which MMR mediates this effect,yet,remains to be *** an MMR-deficient mouse model,we show that increased methylation of Dickkopf1 impacts its expression,and consequently,the ability to negatively regulate WNT *** a result,excessive levels of activeβ-catenin promote strong crypt progenitor-like phenotype and abnormal *** these settings,the development and function of the goblet cells are ***-deficient mice have fewer goblet cells with enlarged mucin-loaded *** further show that MMR inactivation impacts the WNT–BMP signaling crosstalk.

关键词： MMR colonic epithelium WNT BMP crypt homeostasis

Camera traps reveal the natural corridors used by mammalian species in eastern Mexico

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 711-722页

作者： Jonathan O.Huerta‑Rodríguez Octavio C.Rosas‑Rosas lauro lópez‑Mata Josél.Alcántara‑Carbajal luis A.Tarango‑Arámbula Programa de Recursos Genéticos y Productividad‑Ganadería Colegio de Post‑graduadosCampus MontecilloTexcocoMexico Programa de Innovación en Manejo de Recursos Naturales Colegio de PostgraduadosCampus San Luis PotosíSan Luis PotosíMexico Programa de Dinámica y Conservación de Bosques y Selvas Macroecología y BiodiversidadColegio de PostgraduadosCampus MontecilloTexcocoMexico

Background:Habitat loss and fragmentation in the Sierra Madre Oriental(SMO)ecological corridor have negative impacts on the movement and distribution of mammalian species that are of great ecological and evolutionary *** of the SMO ecological corridor that is located in the state of Hidalgo is less studied despite being a potential dispersal route for *** objectives of this study were to evaluate the presence and activity of terrestrial mammals in the riparian and non‑riparian zones of ***:Camera traps detected 15 mammalian species(i.e.,14 native and 1 domestic)in the non‑riparian zone,and 12 mammalian species in the riparian zone(i.e.,10 wild and 2 domestic).The riparian corridor was mainly used by opportunistic medium‑sized carnivores,while large carnivores and their potential prey were more frequent in the non‑riparian ***:Our findings suggest terrestrial mammals avoid the use of natural corridors due to the presence of domestic dogs,cattle and humans and look for new dispersal routes to move through their habitat and find the resources they need to *** though some species can use disturbed corridors to move and find resources,they will change their activity patterns to avoid contact with humans and potential threats like *** is,therefore,crucial to identify not one,but several corridors that must be preserved to improve the connectivity of terrestrial mammals in disturbed landscapes.

关键词： Activity Jaguar Cattle Detectability Dog Herbivore Disturbance Prey Relative abundance

Assessment of the crucial factors influencing the responses of ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions to controlled release nitrogen fertilizer: A meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第11期22卷 3549-3559页

作者： lü Hui-dan WANG Xi-ya PAN Zhao-long ZHAO Shi-cheng State Key laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable land in Northern China/Key laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China

Reducing ammonia(NH3) and nitrous oxide(N2O) emissions have great effects on mitigating nitrogen(N) nutrient loss and greenhouse gas emissions. Controlled release urea(CRU) can control the N release rate, which reduces reactive N loss and increases nitrogen use efficiency relative to conventional urea(CU). However, the crucial factors influencing the responses of NH3and N2O emissions to CRU relative to CU are still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the responses of NH3and N2O emissions to CRU based on collected field data with a meta-analysis. CRU reduced the NH3and N2O emissions by 32.7 and 25.0% compared with CU, respectively. According to subgroup analysis, CRU presented better mitigation of NH3and N2O emissions in soils with pH 6.5–7.5(–47.9 and –23.7%) relative to either pH7.5(–29.3 and –17.3%), and in the rice season(–34.8 and –29.1%) relative to the wheat season(–19.8 and –22.8%). The responses of NH3and N2O emissions to CRU increased from rainfed(–30.5 and –17.0%) to irrigated(–32.5 and –22.9%), and then to paddy(–34.8 and –29.1%) systems. In addition, the response of N2O emission mitigation increased with increases in soil total nitrogen(TN);however, soil TN did not significantly affect the response of NH3volatilization. The reduction in NH3emission was greater in sandy-textured soil(–57.7%) relative to loam-textured(–32.9%) and clay-textured(–32.3%) soils, whereas soil texture did not affect N2O emission. Overall, CRU was a good option for reducing the NH3and N2O emissions relative to CU in agricultural production. This analysis improves our understanding of the crucial environmental and management factors influencing the mitigation of NH3and N2O emissions under CRU application, and these site-specific factors should be considered when applying CRU to reduce reactive N loss and increase NUE.

关键词： controlled release urea NH volatilization N O emission environmental factor management practice

江汉平原典型种植模式稻田土壤中农药残留特征

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植物保护 2024年第4期50卷 295-301页

作者：常向前张舒刘冬碧赵越王佐乾杨小林夏颖吕亮湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室武汉430064

在江汉平原中稻-油菜/小麦轮作田、一季中稻田及再生稻田3种种植模式稻田采集土壤样品86个。调查了土壤样品中滴滴涕(DDTs,包括o,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDE、p,p′-DDD)、六六六(HCHs,包括α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH)、甲胺... 详细信息

在江汉平原中稻-油菜/小麦轮作田、一季中稻田及再生稻田3种种植模式稻田采集土壤样品86个。调查了土壤样品中滴滴涕(DDTs,包括o,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDE、p,p′-DDD)、六六六(HCHs,包括α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH)、甲胺磷、甲基对硫磷、氧乐果、乐果、敌敌畏、乙酰甲胺磷、毒死蜱、氯虫苯甲酰胺、吡蚜酮、吡虫啉、啶虫脒、三环唑、戊唑醇、氰氟草酯、二氯喹啉酸、乙草胺及异丙甲草胺等25种农药及其代谢产物的残留。结果表明,检出率最高的3种农药为当前常用杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺(87.21%),杀菌剂三环唑(91.86%)及戊唑醇(72.09%),其残留均值分别为0.0397、0.0734 mg/kg及0.0276 mg/kg;已经禁用的有机氯农药滴滴涕(o,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDE、p,p′-DDD)仍能检出,检出率为36.05%~66.28%。3种模式田块中检出的滴滴涕主要来源于历史上滴滴涕的使用。杀虫剂吡蚜酮及杀菌剂三环唑在再生稻田的残留量均值显著高于中稻-油菜/小麦轮作田及一季中稻田;但其他农药在不同种植模式稻田中的残留没有显著差异。本研究为江汉平原农药残留的治理及农药的合理使用提供了参考信息。

关键词：江汉平原中稻-油菜/小麦轮作一季中稻再生稻稻田农药残留

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The fouling properties of SiO2-CaO-P2O5 system in high-temperature rotary kiln phosphoric acid process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第7期28卷 1824-1831页

作者： Pan Wu li lü Siyang Tang Changjun liu Hairong Yue Wei Jiang Bin liang low-carbon Technology and Chemical Reaction Engineering laboratory School of Chemical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Institute of New Energy and low-Carbon Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610207China

Kiln phosphoric acid(KPA)technology could produce P2O5 with high purity and has been applied in thermal phosphoric acid industry;however the formation of fouling in the high-temperature rotary kiln restricts the stable and long-term *** this paper,the reaction of phosphate ores with gaseous P2O5 was investigated in a high-temperature reactor,and the Ca O-SiO2-P2O5 ternary phase diagram was analyzed to understand the fouling formation *** results showed that the low-melting-point products,such as Ca(PO3)2and Ca2P2O7,are responsible for the fouling in the KPA *** addition,a small amount of impurities,e.g.,aluminum and iron,could facilitate the generation of the low-melting-point products and cause serious *** on the high-temperature SiO2-P2O5 and CaO-SiO2-P2O5 phase diagram analysis,the control of Si/Ca molar ratio(e.g.,Si/Ca=2.0)was found to avoid fouling formation in the *** results could provide the operation parameters of reaction temperature and feeds composition to suppress the fouling in the kiln reactor for the phosphoric acid production in industry.

关键词： Thermal phosphoric acid Kiln technology Fouling formation Phase diagram analysis

On the origin of microbial magnetoreception

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 472-479页

作者： Wei lin Joseph l.Kirschvink Greig A.Paterson Dennis A.Bazylinski Yongxin Pan Key laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutions of Earth Science Chinese Academy of Sciences France-China Joint laboratory for Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicellular Organisms Chinese Academy of Sciences Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Earth-life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Earth Ocean and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool School of life Sciences University of Nevada at Las Vegas College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A broad range of organisms, from prokaryotes to higher animals, have the ability to sense and utilize Earth’s geomagnetic field—a behavior known as magnetoreception. Although our knowledge of the physiological mechanisms of magnetoreception has increased substantially over recent decades, the origin of this behavior remains a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. Despite this, there is growing evidence that magnetic iron mineral biosynthesis by prokaryotes may represent the earliest form of biogenic magnetic sensors on Earth. Here, we integrate new data from microbiology, geology and nanotechnology, and propose that initial biomineralization of intracellular iron nanoparticles in early life evolved as a mechanism for mitigating the toxicity of reactive oxygen species(ROS), as ultraviolet radiation and free-iron-generated ROS would have been a major environmental challenge for life on early Earth. This iron-based system could have later been co-opted as a magnetic sensor for magnetoreception in microorganisms, suggesting an origin of microbial magnetoreception as the result of the evolutionary process of exaptation.

关键词： magnetoreception biomineralization magnetotactic bacteria exaptation

Shielding AZ91D-1%Ca from corrosion through ultrasound melt treatment:A study for stent design

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第8期11卷 2901-2915页

作者： I.V.Gomes M.Pacheco M.Nienaber S.C.Neves D.Mei A.Barros R.l.Reis J.l.Alves H.Puga CMEMS–UMinho University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal lABBElS–Associate laboratory BragaGuimarãesPortugal B's Research Group-Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAvepark-Parque de Ciência e TecnologiaBarco GuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate laboratory BragaGuimarãesPortugal Institute of Material and Process Design Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502Germany School of Materials Science and Engineering&Henan Key laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Magnesium-based materials show great potential for producing biodegradable stents,but their high corrosion rates are a *** study investigates whether ultrasound melt treatment can change the corrosion response of an extruded AZ91D-1.0%Ca(wt.%)in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution by tailoring the intermetallics'morphology in the as-extruded *** results showed that the wires from ultrasound-treated ingots corroded faster than non-treated ones in immersion for up to 6 *** trend shifted for longer periods,and ultrasound-treated material showed lower corrosion rates and uniform corrosion,while the non-treated material displayed localized corrosion *** testing of the wires demonstrated that immersion in EBSS lowered the tensile strength and elongation at fracture due to material degradation,regardless of the processing ***,this decline was sharper in the non-treated *** findings suggest that ultrasound melt processing can be a promising method for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium-based materials,paving the way for their use in manufacturing biodegradable stents.

关键词： Magnesium Ultrasound treatment Stent Corrosion Mechanical properties