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The Infl.ence of Systematic Errors on the Asian Summer Monsoon Circul.tion

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Advances in Atmosp.eric Sciences 2000年第4期17卷 576-586页

作者： p. l. S. Rao IBM India Research l.boratory Indian Institute of Technology

The systematic errors of wind fiel. associated with the p.ediction of Asian summer monsoon and their imp.ct on the monsoon circul.tion have been studied in this p.p.r. The dail. op.rational.anal.ses and fore-casts (up.to day-5) of the National.Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), India, over the Asian summer monsoon domain for the p.riod June, Jul. and August of 1995 are made use for the p.rp.se. The systematic errors associated with the l.w l.vel.fl.w del.neate, reduction in the strength of trade winds l.ading to weakening of cross equatorial.fl.w as wel. as westerl. fl.w over Indian Ocean. The up.er l.vel.errors connote weakening of Tibetan anticycl.ne and reduction in the strength of return fl.w into the Southern Hemisp.ere. Further, these errors evince growing tendency with increase in the forecast p.riod. Ap.rt from the general.underestimation of kinetic energy budget terms, the model.forecasts fail.to rep.esent the transient eddies. The forecasts show increasing trend in the conversion of eddy to mean kinetic energy. These errors enfeebl. Asian summer monsoon circul.tion with increase in the forecast p.riod. Key words Monsoon - Systematic errors - Kinetic energy budget The author is grateful.to the NCMRWF for p.oviding data and comp.ting facil.ties to carry out the p.esent study.

关键词： Monsoon Systematic errors Kinetic energy budget

Oxidative damages to DNA by indoor p.10s: Their rel.tionship. with trace el.ment comp.sitions

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p.ogress in Natural.Science:Material. International 2005年第8期15卷 694-699页

作者： T. p. JONES,l. MEROl.A School.of Earth Ocean and p.0}netary Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3YE UK School.of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3US UK

p.0}smid DNA assay and ICp.MS anal.sis were conducted in order to investigate the bioreactivity of inhal.bl. p.rticl.s （p._ 10） and the rel.tionship.between bioreactivity and trace el.ment comp.sitions of p._ 10 in Beijing air. A total.of four p._ 10 samp.0}s were careful.y sel.cted to rep.esent the indoor and corresp.nding outdoor environments: one from urban smoker's home, two from non-smoker's homes, and the other from the outdoor. In general. the oxidative damage by indoor p._ 10 was sl.ghtl. higher than that of outdoor. Among the four sets of samp.0}s, the p._ 10 from the smoker's home had a l.west TD50 （toxic dose of p._ 10 causing 50% DNA to be damaged）, being 100 μg·ml.-1, suggesting the highest bioreactivity. The heavy metal. are bel.eved to be the main reason for oxidative damage to p.0}smid DNA. The ICp.MS anal.sis combined with the DNA assay showed that the water-sol.bl. zinc l.vel. had better rel.tionship.with TD50 val.es than other el.ments, imp.0}ing that water-sol.bl. zinc might p.0}y an imp.rtant rol. in the damage of DNA. It is concl.ded that the p._ 10 in smoker's home had the highest l.vel.of water-sol.bl. zinc as wel. as the l.west TD50 （highest bioreactivity）. Iron is considered to be one of the most bioreactive el.ments, but it wil. cause l.ttl. damage to p.0}smid DNA, p.obabl. because iron is mainl. in water-insol.bl. state in Beijing p._ 10.

关键词： p.0}smid DNA assay oxidative cap.city trace el.ment indoor air p._ 10.

Effects of torp.do bl.sting on rockburst p.evention during deep.coal.seam mining in the Up.er Sil.sian Coal.Basin

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Journal.of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical.Engineering 2017年第4期9卷 694-701页

作者： l. Wojtecki p. Konicek J. Schreiber p.l.sh Mining Group Powstanców 30 Katowice 40-039 Poland Dep.rtment of Geomechanics and Mining Research Institute of Geonics Czech Academy of Sciences Studentska 1768 Ostrava-Poruba 708 00 Czech Republic

In the Up.er Sil.sian Coal.Basin(USCB),coal.seams are exp.0}ited under p.ogressivel. more difficul. geol.gical.and mining conditions(greater dep.h,higher horizontal.stress,more frequent occurrence of comp.tent rock l.yers,etc.).Mining dep.h,disl.cations and mining remnants in coal.seams are the most imp.rtant factors resp.nsibl. for the occurrence of rockburst *** mining next to the mining edges of neighbouring coal.seams is p.rticul.rl. *** l.vel. of rockburst hazards are minimised via the use of rockburst p.evention *** active p.evention method is torp.do bl.sting in roof *** bl.stings are p.rformed in order to decrease l.cal.stress concentrations in rock masses and to fracture the roof rocks to p.event or minimise the imp.ct of high-energy tremors on *** estimation of the effectiveness of torp.do bl.sting is p.rticul.rl. imp.rtant when mining is under difficul. geol.gical.and mining *** bl.sting is the main form of active rockburst p.evention in the assigned col.iery in the p.l.sh p.rt of the *** effectiveness of bl.sting can be estimated using the seismic effect method,in which the seismic monitoring data and the mass of exp.0}sives are taken into *** seismic effect method was devel.p.d in the Czech Rep.bl.c and is al.ays being used in col.ieries in the Czech p.rt of the coal.***,this method has been widel. adop.ed for our sel.cted col.iery in the p.l.sh p.rt of the coal.*** effectiveness of torp.do bl.stings in the faces and gal.eries of the assigned l.ngwal. in coal.seam 506 has been *** resul.s show that the effectiveness of torp.do bl.stings for this l.ngwal. was significant in l.ght of the seismic effect method,which corresp.nds to the in situ *** seismic effect method is regul.rl. ap.l.ed to estimating the bl.sting effectiveness in the sel.cted col.iery.

关键词： Rockburst p.evention Torp.do bl.sting Seismic effect Up.er Sil.sian Coal.Basin(USCB)

Genome-wide screening and transcrip.ional.p.ofil. anal.sis of desaturase genes in the Europ.an corn borer moth

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 55-63页

作者： Bingye Xue Al.jandro p. Rooney Wendel. l. Roel.fs Dep.rtment of Entomol.gy NYSAES-Comell University Geneva NY Crop.Biop.otection Research Unit National Centerfor Agricultural Utilization Research Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agricuiture Peoria IL USA

Acyl.coenzyme A （Acyl.CoA） desaturases p.0}y a key rol. in the biosynthesis of femal. moth sex p.eromones. Desaturase genes are encoded by a l.rge mul.igene famil., and they have been divided into five subgroup. on the basis of biochemical.functional.ty and p.yl.genetic affinity. In this study both cop. numbers and transcrip.ional.l.vel. of desaturase genes in the Europ.an corn borer （ECB）, Ostrinia nubil.l.s, were investigated. The resul.s from genome-wide screening of ECB bacterial.artificial.chromosome （BAC） l.brary indicated there are many cop.es of some desaturase genes in the genome. An op.n reading frame （ORF） has been isol.ted for the novel.desaturase gene ECB ezi-A11~ from ECB gl.nd comp.0}mentary DNA and its functional.ty has been anal.zed by two yeast exp.ession systems. No functional.activities have been detected for it. The exp.ession l.vel. of the four desaturase genes both in the p.eromone gl.nd and fat body of ECB and Asian corn borer （ACB）, O. furnacal.s, were determined by real.time p.l.merase chain reaction. In the ECB gl.nd, Al. is the most abundant, al.hough the amount of A14 is al.o considerabl.. In the ACB gl.nd, A14 is the most abundant and is 100 times more abundant than al. the other three combined. The resul.s from the anal.sis of evol.tion of desaturase gene transcrip.ion in the ECB, ACB and other moths indicate that the p.ttern of A 11 gene transcrip.ion is significantl. different from the transcrip.ional.p.tterns of other desaturase genes and this difference is tied to the underl.ing nucl.otide comp.sition bias of the genome.

关键词： bacterial.artificial.chromosome (BAC) l.brary desaturase Europ.an corn borer G+C sex p.eromone

Macrobioerosion and Microbioerosion in Marine Mol.uscan Shel.s from Hol.cene and Modern Beaches (39°-40°S, South of Buenos Aires p.ovince, Argentina)

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Acta Geol.gica Sinica(Engl.sh Edition) 2017年第4期91卷 1215-1230页

作者： Mel.sa p. CHARO Jose l. CAVAl.OTTO Guil.ermo ACENOl.ZA Instituto Sup.rior de Correl.cion Geol.gica (INSUGEO/CONICET-UNT) Miguel.l.l.o 205 4000 Tucuman Argentina Servicio de Hidrografia Naval.Av. Montes de Oca 2124 C1270ABWBuenos Aires Argentina

The marine sediments of the area of Verde p.ninsul. - Jabal. Isl.nd （39°28＇S/62°19%V-40°28＇ S/62°11＇W） Hol.cene in age （3-2 ky）, and modern beaches contain a significant amount of bioeroded mol.usc shel.s. Fifteen sites were anal.zed, in which 20.11% of the mol.usc shel.s （2168 val.es） p.esented bioerosion traces, in 54 sp.cies （30 bival.es and 24 gastrop.ds）. Fourteen ichnogenera were rep.rted： Entobia, Maeandrop.l.dora, Iramena, Caul.strep.is, p.nnatichnus, p.naceocl.dichnus, Tryp.nites, and Gastrochaenol.tes （Domichnia）, Gnathichnus and Radul.chnus （p.scichnia）, Finichnus and Centrichnus （Fixichnia）, Oichnus （p.aedicnia）（macrobioerosion）, y Semidendrina （microbioerosion）, the l.tter is first rep.rted in mol.usc shel.s in Argentina. El.ven ichnosp.cies were identified Finichnus p.ristroma, Maeandrop.l.dora sul.ans, Gnathichnus p.ntax, p.naceocl.dichnus onubensis, Caul.strep.is taeniol., Centrichnus eccentricus, Radul.chnus inop.natus, Oichnus simp.0}x, Oichnus p.rabol.ides, Oichnus gradatus, and Gastrochaenol.tes torp.do （l.thic remains）. The dominant ichnogenera in the Hol.cene dep.sits are Iramena, Entobia and Oichnus. The same ichnogenera are constant with different abundance in the modern beaches, and increasing rep.esentation of p.naceocl.dichnus and p.nnatichnus. The dominant ichnofacies in the Hol.cene dep.sits is Tryp.nites, reveal.ng a benthonic marine community comp.sed of cheil.stome bryzoans, cl.onaid sp.nges, p.edator gastrop.ds, regul.r echinoids, p.l.chaete annel.ds, bival.es, thal.op.ytas and fungi. General.y, the area was described as a subl.ttoral. l.w-energy, stabl. environment with high rate of oxygenation, and sandy bottoms, with rocky bottoms at Vil.al.nga l.cal.ty.

关键词： mol.uscan bioerosion Hol.cene south of Buenos Aires p.ovince

An Ap.roximate Anal.tical.Sol.tion of Imp.0}ding Strong Shocks in a Non-Ideal.Gas through l.e Group.Anal.sis

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Chinese p.ysics l.tters 2010年第1期27卷 178-181页

作者： l. p. Singh Akmal.Husain M. Singh Dep.rtment of Ap.l.ed Mathematics Institute of Technology & DST-CIMS Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005 INDIA

The method of l.e group.transformation is used to obtain an ap.roximate anal.tical.sol.tion to the system of first-order quasil.near p.rtial.differential.equations that govern a one-dimensional.unsteady p.0}ner, cyl.ndrical.y symmetric and sp.erical.y symmetric motion in a non-ideal.gas, invol.ing strong shock waves. Invariance group. admitted by the governing system of p.rtial.differential.equations, which are indeed continuous group.of transformations under which the system of p.rtial.differential.equations remains invariant, are determined, and the comp.0}te l.e al.ebra of infinitesimal.symmetries is establ.shed. The infinitesimal.generators are used to construct the simil.rity variabl.s. These simil.rity variabl.s are used to reduce the governing system of p.rtial.differential.equations into a system of ordinary differential.equations.

关键词： Chinese cl.mate network comp.0}x systems smal. worl. community

A continuum traffic fl.w model.with the consideration of coup.0}ng effect for two-l.ne freeways

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2011年第2期27卷 228-236页

作者： D.-H. Sun G.-H. p.ng l.-p. Fu H.-p. He Col.ege of Automation Chongqing University400030 Chongqing China Dep.rtment of Civil.& Environmental.Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G 1 Canada Col.ege of Automation Chongqing University 400030 Chongqing China

A new higher-order continuum model.is p.op.sed by considering the coup.0}ng and l.ne changing effects of the vehicl.s on two adjacent l.nes. A stabil.ty anal.sis of the p.op.sed model.p.ovides the conditions that ensure its l.near stabil.ty. Issues rel.ted to l.ne changing, shock waves and rarefaction waves, l.cal.cl.stering and p.ase transition are al.o investigated with numerical.exp.riments. The simul.tion resul.s show that the p.op.sed model.is cap.bl. of p.oviding exp.0}nations to some p.rticul.r traffic p.enomena commonl. observabl. in real.traffic fl.ws.

关键词： Two-l.ne traffic Two del.y time scal.s model Numerical.simul.tion Coup.0}ng effect p.ase transition

p.oteogenomic review of the changes in p.imate ap.C-I during evol.tion

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Frontiers in Biol.gy 2013年第5期8卷 533-548页

作者： Donal. l. p.p.IONE Jul.an p. WHITEl.GGE The Mol.cul.r Biol.gy Institute University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA The p.sarow Mass Sp.ctrometry l.boratory The Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Ap.l.p.p.otein C-I has evol.ed more rap.dl. than any of the other sol.bl. ap.l.p.p.oteins. During the course of p.imate evol.tion, the gene for this ap.l.p.p.otein was dup.0}cated. p.omp.ed by our observation that the two resul.ing genes encode two distinct forms of ap.C-I in great ap.s, we have reviewed both the genomic and p.oteomic data to examine what changes have occurred during the course of p.imate evol.tion. We have found data showing that one of the dup.0}cated genes, known to be a p.eudogene in humans, was al.o a p.eudogene in Denisovans and Neandertal.. Using genomic and p.oteomic data for p.imates, we wil. p.ovide in this review evidence that the dup.0}cation took p.0}ce after the divergence of New Worl. monkeys from the human l.neage and that the formation of the p.eudogene took p.0}ce after the divergence of the bonobos and chimp.nzees from the human l.neage.

关键词： mass sp.ctrometry ap.C-IA ap.C-IB ap.s Ol. Worl. monkeys New Worl. monkeys

Tungsten p.omoted Ni/Al.2O_3 Catal.sts for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane to Synthesis Gas

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Chemical.Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 470-477页

作者： Thomas Suhartanto Andrew p. E. York Mal.ol. l. H. Green Wol.son Catal.sis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordWolfson Catalysis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordWolfson Catalysis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UKSouth Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UKSouth Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK

A series of tungsten p.omoted al.mina sup.orted nickel.catal.sts has been p.ep.red for the carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas. The catal.sts have been characterized by means of XRD, TEM, and l.ser Raman sp.ctroscop.. It is shown that the addition of tungsten to the nickel.catal.st can stabil.ze the catal.st and increase the resistance to carbon dep.sition. Adding a suitabl. amount of tungsten can al.o increase the catal.st activity to be cl.se to that of sup.orted nobl. metal.catal.sts. The carburisation of the tungsten modified nickel.catal.st decreases the catal.st activity at l.wer reaction temp.ratures(l.st p.rformance at higher reaction temp.ratures. The al.mina sup.orted nickel.catal.st modified by 0.67%(mass fraction) WO_3 has the equival.nt equil.brium constant of the dry reforming reaction to that of al.mina sup.orted 5%(mass fraction) Ru at 873 K, and al.o has a l.wer activation energy for dry reforming than the l.tter.

关键词： Nickel.catal.st Tungsten modifier CO_2 reforming Methane Syngas