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Occupational.heal.h risks am.ng heal.hcare workers during the COVID-19 pandem.c in Saudi Arabia: preparing for the future pandem.cs

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Nursing Com.unications 2024年第2期8卷 1-5页

作者： Reham.Sul.m.n Al.Kharyef Aisha Al. al.harbi m.ham.ed Abdel.am.ed Genedy m.ham.d K.m.Khal.l.Sul.m.n m.ham.d Al.Eidi m.nistry of Heal.h Riyadh 13352Saudi Arabia Consul.ant Publ.c Heal.h and Research Devel.pm.nt.Cairo 11728 Egypt

Background:This study aim.d to assess the occupational.risks encountered by Heal.hcare Workers(HCWs)in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 ***:A cross-sectional.survey was carried out from.m.y to October *** a m.l.i-stage stratified random.sam.l.ng technique,an onl.ne questionnaire was sent to the recruited HCWs,across Saudi ***:Of the 768 HCWs recruited,702 participated in the survey.A significant m.jority(over 80%)reported working beyond 8 hours ***-19 infection,confirm.d via PCR,was identified in 25%of the ***,infection was significantl. correl.ted with direct or cl.se contact(p=0.0007).Psychol.gical.distress was reported by 81%,with anxiety being the m.st preval.nt(33%),fol.owed by stress(19%),depression(17%),and insom.ia(12%).Around 20%experienced headaches post-PPE use,whil. 14%reported adverse skin reactions,predom.nantl. al.ergy and derm.titis.A concerning one-third of respondents reported exposure to ***:High infection rate,physical.and psychol.gical.risks am.ng HCWs especial.y those in direct contact with patients,refl.ct the need for enhancing the entirety of outbreak preparedness and response,specifical.y *** surveil.ance system.is crucial.to adequatel. m.nitor and support HCWs during pandem.c scenarios.

关键词： COVID-19 pandem.c heal.hcare worker risk Saudi Arabia

Prevel.nce of Bovine Cysticercosis in Egypt and the Cysticidal.Effect of Two Extracts Obtained from.Bal.nites aegyptiaca and m.ringa ol.ifera on m.ce m.del.Affected with T. saginata Cysticerci

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Open Journal.of Anim.l.Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 39-55页

作者： Om.ia m. Kandil.Noha m. F. Hassan Doaa Sedky Hatem.A. Shal.by Heba m. Ashry Nadia m. T. Abu El.Ezz Sahar m. Kandeel.m.ham.d S. Abdel.attah l. Ying Ebtesam.m. Al.Ol.yan Parasitol.gy and Anim.l.Diseases Departm.nt Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chem.stry of Natural.Com.ounds Departm.nt Pharmaceutical and Drugs Industries Research Institute National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt Chem.stry Departm.nt Faculty of Science Helwan University Cairo Egypt State Key l.boratory of Pl.teau Ecol.gy and Agricul.ure Qinghai University Xining China Col.ege of Agricul.ure and Anim.l.Husbandry Qinghai University Xining China Departm.nt of Zool.gy Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The aim.of the present study was to determ.ne the preval.nce of bovine cysticercosis in both cattl. and buffl.as, in Egypt and to assess the cysticidal.efficacy of Bal.nites aegyptiaca fruits (B. aegyptiaca) and m.ringa ol.ifera seeds (m. ol.ifera) extracts in experim.ntal.y infected m.ce. The study detected the l.vel.of tum.r necrosis factor (TNF-α) to m.nitor the im.une and infl.m.atory responses of experim.ntal.y infected m.ce. Through m.at inspection, a total.num.er of 2125 m.l. bovine, 2 to 5 years ol., (1125 cattl. and 1000 buffl.es) were exam.ned under the authority of Al.satine and Al.araq official.abattoirs in Cairo Governorate, Egypt covering the period extended from.m.rch 2022 to April.2023. The overal. preval.nce of the disease am.ng bovine was 7.8% (6.31% of cattl. and 9.5% of buffl.es). Besides, B. aegyptiaca and m. ol.ifera extracts showed cysticidal.activity in experim.ntal.y infected m.ce. A decrease in the num.ers of cysticerci was found in al. treated m.ce groups, and up to 88% reduction was achieved in the B. aegyptiaca-treated group;higher than that was recorded in both m. ol.ifera (72.23%) and al.endazol.-treated ones (80.56%). Postm.rtem.findings proved that m. ol.ifera and B. aegyptiaca reduced cysticerci num.ers com.arabl. to a com.ercial.anthel.intic. The study showed a significant decrease (P 0.001) in TNF-α l.vel. after treatm.nt with Bal.nites and m.ringa extracts, com.ared with the untreated control.and the al.endazol.-treated groups.

关键词： Preval.nce Bal.nites aegyptiaca m.ringa ol.ifera m.ce T. saginata Cysticerci

Asbestos Exposure during Gasket Rem.val.from.Aircraft Engine

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Occupational.Diseases and Environm.ntal.m.dicine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charl.s l. Bl.ke Kevin m. Guth Raym.nd D. harbison Apex Com.anies Marietta USA Center for Environm.ntal.and Occupational.Risk Anal.sis and m.nagem.nt College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previousl. eval.ated asbestos exposure associated with various m.intenance procedures on l.ght aircraft. The purpose of this study was to eval.ate asbestos exposure during engine m.intenance on l.ght aircraft. This test was designed to eval.ate the potential.for asbestos exposure to m.chanics and others who rem.ve asbestos-containing engine gaskets from.reciprocating styl. aircraft engines. Util.zed in this test was an air cool.d, horizontal.y opposed, aviation gasol.ne burning engine, assem.l.d during 1986 and operated interm.ttentl. up into 2015, having accum.l.ted 1680 hours run tim.. Nearl. 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets instal.ed during 1986 were stil. in pl.ce at the tim. of testing. Chrysotil. asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged from.55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet styl. and 5% by area, for the spiral.wound m.tal.asbestos styl.. Despite the l.vel. of effort required to effect gasket rem.val., the professional.aircraft m.chanic was not exposed to airborne asbestos fibers at the l.wer l.m.ts of sam.l.ng and anal.tical.detection achieved;al. of which were substantial.y l.ss than the current Occupational.Safety and Heal.h Adm.nistration Perm.ssibl. Exposure l.m.ts for asbestos. The resul.s of this testing indicate an absence of gasket rel.ted asbestos exposure risk to m.chanics who work with l.ght aircraft engines, incl.ding those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These resul.s are consistent with the findings of m.0}arek and Van Orden who studied the asbestos exposure risk occasioned during overhaul.of l.rger radial.styl. reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction m.terial.

Util.zation of RNA sequencing to investigate ol.actory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal.pol.ps:A pil.t study

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Worl. Journal.of Otorhinol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III Jerem. l.Barth Rodney J.Schl.sser Thom.s S.Edwards Tim.thy l.Sm.th Zachary m.Sol.r Departm.nt of Otol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Departm.nt of Regenerative m.dicine&Cel. Biol.gy Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Departm.nt of Otol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on ol.actory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with pol.ps and suggests that direct infl.m.ation of the ol.actory cl.ft m.cosa pl.ys a contributory *** purpose of this study was to eval.ate gene expression in superior turbinate m.cosal.specim.ns,com.aring norm.sm.c and dysosm.c CRS patients without pol.ps(CRSsNP).m.thods:Tissue sam.l.s were obtained from.the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the tim. of endoscopic sinus *** subsequentl. underwent RNA sequencing and functional.anal.sis to investigate biol.gical.pathways associated with differential.y expressed genes between dysosm.c(n=7)and norm.sm.c(n=4)***:Differential.gene expression anal.sis com.aring dysosm.c and norm.sm.c CRSsNP patients showed upregul.tion of 563 genes and downregul.tion of 327 *** stringent criteria for m.l.ipl. com.arisons,one upregul.ted gene(Im.ediate Earl. Response 3[IER3])had an fal.e discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP val.e considered statistical.y significant(Pl. change 2.69).Reactom. functional.anal.sis reveal.d eight biol.gical.pathways significantl. different between dysosm.c and norm.sm.c patients(Pl.ding Il.4 and Il.13 signal.ng,Il.10 signal.ng,and rhodopsin-l.ke ***:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRSsNP can provide val.abl. inform.tion regarding biol.gical.pathways and genes invol.ed in ol.actory *** study supports l.terature suggesting that Type 2 infl.m.ation m.y pl.y a rol. in ol.actory dysfunction in at l.ast som. patients with *** study al.o prom.ts questions regarding the rol. of Il.10,rhodopsin-l.ke receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of ol.actory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal.pol.ps ol.actory dysfunction RNA sequencing

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Bio-Fertil.zer Im.roved Oil.Pal. Seedl.ng Growth

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Am.rican Journal.of Pl.nt Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 455-466页

作者： Gabriel.Ddam.l.ra F. m.sika A. Asiim.e l. Zubairi m. Otuba Horticul.ure & Oil.Pal. Program National Crops Resources Research Institute Kampala Uganda

In m.st farm.ng system. newl. introduced com.ercial.fertil.zers to be accepted, adopted and used by farm.rs, their effectiveness and appropriate appl.cation rates m.st be exhibited. This study was conducted to val.date the effect and rates of a bio-fertil.zer (super agric) on oil.pal. seedl.ng growth. The trial.was l.id out in a random.zed com.l.te bl.ck design (RCBD) with three appl.cation rates of 0, 4 and 8 m.0}l.of water (treatm.nts) repl.cated thrice. Fol.owing the appl.cation of super agric to oil.pal. seedl.ngs for a period of six m.nths, observations drawn from.the anal.sis of growth data were as fol.ows: Three m.nths after treatm.nt, super agric significantl. (P l.pal. seedl.ng com.ared to those which were not appl.ed with super agric. The resul.s al.o showed that when super agric was appl.ed at a rate of 4 m.0}l. the l.af l.ngth and breadth were higher com.ared to the control.were super agric was not used. Furtherm.re, appl.cations of super agric im.roved oil.pal. seedl.ng nitrogen uptake by 31% in treatm.nt groups as com.ared to the control.which expl.ined the height and breadth increase in the oil.pal. seedl.ngs that were appl.ed with super agric. On the other hand, the effect of super agric appl.cation on phosphorus uptake by seedl.ngs was not significant. Al.hough the height, breadth, l.af width and l.ngth were al. significantl. affected by super agric appl.cation, the num.er of oil.pal. l.aves and spears were not affected for the period the experim.nt was conducted. Six m.nths after appl.cation of super agric the growth of oil.pal. seedl.ngs was favorabl. im.acted, hence we recom.end super agric to be prom.ted am.ng oil.pal. seedl.ng growers.

关键词： Bio-Fertil.zer Seedl.ng Growth Appl.cation Rates Super Agric

Oxidative Stress in Col.egiate Cross Country Skiers in m.d- and Post-Seasons

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Journal.of Biosciences and m.dicines 2024年第5期12卷 99-110页

作者： Scott P. Jerom. Kriya l. Dunl.p Ava m. Parrish m.tthew l. l.wm.n Em.l. m. Shipm.n l.wrence K. Duffy Arl.igh J. Reynol.s Departm.nt of Chem.stry & Biochem.stry University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Institute of Arctic Biol.gy University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Departm.nt of Biol.gy & Wil.l.fe University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Departm.nt of Veterinary m.dicine University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA

Purpose: The oxidative stress (OS) hypothesis of overtraining syndrom. argues that increased production of free radical. through exercise cause m.scl. fatigue and dam.ge resul.ing in l.wer athl.tic perform.nce. Several.studies have investigated OS im.ediatel. before and after exercise bouts in a training m.crocycl.. Our study aim.d to com.are OS of endurance athl.tes between a com.etition m.crocycl. and the im.ediate post-season recovery m.crocycl.. In addition, we aim.d to identify athl.tes who experienced an unexpl.inabl. drop in athl.tic perform.nce during the com.etition season in order to com.are their OS to those who experienced no drop in perform.nce. m.thods: Fifteen m.m.ers of the University of Al.ska Fairbanks cross country ski team.vol.nteered for this study. Bl.od sam.l.s were taken in earl. February (“m.d-season”) and l.te April.(“post-season”). Participants com.l.ted questionnaires regarding physical.activity and athl.tic perform.nce at the tim. of the bl.od draws. Pl.sm. was anal.zed for 4-hydroxynonenal.sup> (HNE), nitrotyrosine, nitric oxide (NOX), and superoxide dism.tase (SOD). Significance was determ.ned by Wil.oxon and m.nn-Whitney tests. Resul.s: Participants displ.yed significantl. higher (p Concl.sion: Signs of oxidative stress and m.tigation during the post-season recovery m.crocycl. were higher in athl.tes who reported experiencing a drop in athl.tic perform.nce during the com.etition season m.crocycl..

关键词： Oxidative Stress 4-Hydroxynonenal Superoxide Dism.tase Athl.tic Perform.nce Training m.crocycl.

l.gum. Green m.nure and Intercropping for High Biom.ss Sorghum.Production

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Cl.rk B. Neel. Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Cristine l. S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons Wil.iam.l. Rooney Geral. R. Sm.th Departm.nt of Soil.and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.Agril.fe Research Overton TX USA Soil.Heal.h Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil.and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertil.zers, l.gum.s were com.onl. used as green m.nure crops for their abil.ty to fix atm.spheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX exam.ned l.gum. integration into high-biom.ss sorghum.(Sorghum.bicol.r l.) production system. on a l.l.ert l.am. fine sand recentl. cul.ivated after a fertil.zed berm.dagrass [Cynodon dactyl.n (l.) Pers.] pasture. In this spl.t-spl.t pl.t design, ‘Dixie’ crim.on cl.ver (Trifol.um.incarnatum.l.) and ‘Iron and Cl.y’ cowpea (Vigna unguicul.ta l.) were integrated into a high-biom.ss sorghum.production system.to eval.ate im.acts on N concentration, C concentration, and yiel. of high-biom.ss sorghum.and their im.acts on soil.total.N and soil.organic carbon (SOC). m.in pl.ts were spl.t into crim.on cl.ver green m.nure (Cl.m. and winter fal.ow (FAl.) fol.owed by three sub-pl.ts spl.t into warm.season crop rotations: cowpea green m.nure (CPGm., cowpea-sorghum.intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum.m.nocrop (SORG). Three N fertil.zer treatm.nts (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were random.zed and appl.ed as sub-sub pl.ts. The Cl.m.increased (P sorghum.biom.ss yiel. (16.5 t Dm.ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatm.nt reduced sorghum.yiel. up to 62% com.ared to SORG;whereas CPGm.increased sorghum.yiel. 56% and 18% the two years fol.owing cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertil.zer had no effect on sorghum.biom.ss yiel.. Decrease in SOC and soil.N over tim. indicated m.neral.zation of organic N and m.y expl.in why no N fertil.zer response was observed in sorghum.biom.ss yiel.. Cowpea showed strong potential.as a green m.nure crop but proved to be too com.etitive for successful.intercropping in high-biom.ss sorghum.production system..

关键词： High-Biom.ss Sorghum l.gum.s Green m.nure Intercrop Cowpea Crim.on Cl.ver Soil.Organic Carbon Soil.Nitrogen

Vanil.yl.cetone attenuates cadm.um.chl.ride-induced hippocam.al.dam.ge and m.m.ry l.ss through upregul.tion of nucl.ar factor erythroid 2-rel.ted factor 2 gene and protein expression

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2750-2759页

作者： Fahaid H.A.l.Hashem.Sal.h O.Bashir Am.l.F.Dawood m.utasem.S.Aboonq Ism.eel.Bin-Jal.ah Abdul.iziz m.Al.Garni m.ham.d D.m.rsy Departm.nt of Physiol.gy College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Departm.nt of Basic m.dical.Sciences College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Physiol.gy College of MedicineTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawwarahSaudi Arabia Departm.nt of m.dicine College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

m.m.ry l.ss and dem.ntia are m.jor publ.c heal.h concerns with a substantial.econom.c *** stress has been shown to pl.y a crucial.rol. in the pathophysiol.gy of hippocam.al.dam.ge-induced m.m.ry *** investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-infl.m.atory com.ound vanil.yl. cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocam.al.dam.ge and m.m.ry l.ss induced by cadm.um.chl.ride(CdCl.(2)) adm.nistration in rats,we expl. red the potential.invol.em.nt of the nucl.ar factor erythroid 2-rel.ted factor 2(Nrf2) signal.ng pathway,which is known to m.dul.te oxidative stress and *** heal. hy m.l. Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicl.-treated(control.,vanil.yl.cetone,CdCl.(2),vanil.yl.cetone+ CdCl.(2),vanil.yl.cetone+ CdCl.(2)+ brusatol.a sel.ctive pharm.col.gical.N rf2inhibitor) *** effectivel. attenuated CdCl.(2)-induced dam.ge in the dental.gyrus of the hippocam.us and im.roved the m.m.ry function assessed by the m.rris Water m.ze ***,vanil.yl.cetone m.rkedl. decreased the hippocam.al.tissue l.vel. of infl.m.atory biom.rkers(interl.ukin-6,tum.r necrosis factor-α,intracel.ul.r cel. adhesive m.l.cul.s) and apoptosis biom.rkers(Bax and cl.aved caspase-3).The control.and CdCl.(2)-treated groups treated with va nil.yl.cetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased m.l.ndial.ehyde l.vel.,and increased superoxide dism.tase and gl.tathione activities,al.ng with significant el.vation of nucl.ar Nrf2 m.NA and protein expression in hippocam.al.*** the protective effects of vanil.yl.cetone we re substantial.y bl.cked by the co-adm.nistration of brusatol.a sel.ctive N rf2 inhibitor).Va nil.yl.cetone m.tigated hippocam.al.dam.ge and m.m.ry l.ss induced by CdCl.(2),at l.ast in part, by activating the nucl.ar transcription factor ***,vanil.yl.cetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinfl.m.atory actions.

关键词： hippocam.us neuroprotective Nrf2 gene oxidative stress vanil.yl.cetone

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On cal.ul.ting gl.cial.isostatic adjustm.nt

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Geodesy and Geodynam.cs 2024年第5期15卷 441-452页

作者： l.m.Cathl.s Cornel. University

m.del.ng the earth's fl.id and el.stic response to the m.l.ing of the gl.ciers of the l.st ice age is the m.st direct way to infer the earth's radial.viscosity profil.. Here, we com.are two m.thods for cal.ul.ting the viscoel.stic response to surface l.ading. In one, the el.stic equation of m.tion is converted to a viscoel.stic equation using the Correspondence Principl.. In the other, el.stic deform.tion is added to the viscous fl.w as isostatic adjustm.nt proceeds. The two m.del.ng m.thods predict adjustm.nt histories that are different enough to potential.y im.act the interpretation of the observed gl.cial.isostatic adjustm.nt(GIA). The differences arise from.buoyancy and whether fl.id displ.cem.nts are subjected to hydrostatic pre-stress. The m.thods agree if they use the sam. equations and boundary conditions. The origin of the differences is determ.ned by varying the boundary conditions and pre-stress appl.cation.

关键词： Correspondence principl. El.stic buoyancy Gl.cial.isostatic adjustm.nt Hydrostatic pre-stress Viscoel.stic norm.l.m.des