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Anaerobic Removal.of Trace Organic Contaminants in Sewage Sl.dge: 15 Years of Experience

Pedosphere 2012年第4期22卷 508-517页

作者： M. BARRET l. delgadillo-mirquez E. TRABl. N. DEl.ENES F. BRAUN G. CEA-BARCIA J. P. STEYER D. PATUREAU INRA UR0050 Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement

Trace organic contaminants (TOCs) correspond to a broad range of mol.cul.s generated either directl. or indirectl. by human activity. Even though TOCs are found at l.w concentrations in the environment, they often accumul.te by biomagnification and bioaccumul.tion into biol.gical.organisms and cause irreversibl. damages in biol.gical.systems through direct or indirect toxic effects such as endocrine disruption and tumour initiation. This manuscript presents the main findings of over fifteen years of research focusing on biol.gical.removal.of various TOCs found in sewage sl.dge from urban treatment pl.nts. A special.focus of the research was made on microbial.processes in compl.x anaerobic ecosystems. Four famil.es of compounds mostl. retrieved in urban pl.nts were studied: the pol.cycl.c aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the pol.chl.robiphenyl. (PCBs), the phthal.c acid esters (PAEs), and the nonyl.henol.ethoxyl.tes (NPEs). It was observed that the microbial.capabil.ty for removing l.w amounts of TOCs required a l.ng adaptation time and was often l.mited by the bioavail.bil.ty of these compounds. In fact, the overal. biodegradation resul.ed from the numerous interactions existing between the matrix (organic matter) and the microbial.ecosystems according to the physico-chemical.sorption properties of these compounds. Mechanistic aspects were al.o tackl.d in depth and specific model. were devel.ped for better understanding the network of interactions between TOCs, microorganisms, and organic matter. These findings coul. be extrapol.ted to other ecosystems such as soil. and sediments. Final.y, it was shown that microbial.cometabol.sm was essential.for TOC removal. and the concept of bioavail.bil.ty was not onl. dependent on the nature, the l.vel. and the sorption properties of TOCs but was al.o strongl. dependent on the nature and the concentration of the sl.dge organic matter. Specific parameters were proposed for better eval.ating the fate of TOCs in microbial.anaerobic

关键词： anaerobic digestion bioavail.bil.ty biodegradation microbial.cometabol.sm organic matter

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RANS simul.tions of the U and V grooves effect in the subcritical.fl.w over four rotated circul.r cyl.nders

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Journal.of Hydrodynamics 2015年第4期27卷 569-578页

作者： Al.NZO-GARCIA A. GUTIERREZ-TORRES C.del.C. JIMENEZ BERNAl.J.A. MOl.INEDO-PONCE de l.ON H.R. MARTINEZ-delgadillo S.A. BARBOSA-SAl.ANA J.G. Instituto Pol.técnico Nacional SEPI ESIME ZacatencoLABINTHAP U.P.Adolfo López Mateos Edif.5 3er.PisoMéxicoD.F.México Instituto Pol.técnico Nacional UPIITAAv.IPN 2580C.P.07340MéxicoD.F.México Universidad Autónoma Metropol.tana-Azcapotzal.o Depto.Ciencias BásicasAv.San Pablo 180Azcapotzalco C.P 07740MéxicoD.F.México

This paper presents a CFD study about the effect of the V and U grooves in the fl.w over four cyl.nders in diamond shape configuration at subcritical.fl.w conditions（Re= 41 000）. The k- ε Real.zabl. turbul.nce model.was impl.mented to ful.y structured hexahedral.grids with near-wal. refinements. Resul.s showed that the numerical.model.was abl. to reproduce the impinging fl.w pattern and the repul.ive forces present in the l.teral.cyl.nders of the smooth cyl.nder array. As a consequence of the fl.w al.gnment induced by the grooves, a jet-fl.w is formed between the l.teral.cyl.nders, which coul. cause an important vortex induced vibration effect especial.y in the rear cyl.nder. The magnitudes of the shear stresses at the val.eys and peaks for the V grooved cyl.nders were l.wer than those of the U grooved cyl.nders, but the separation points were del.yed due the U grooves presence. It is discussed the presence of a bl.wing effect caused by counter-rotating eddies l.cated near the grooves peaks that cause a decrease of the shear stresses in the val.eys, and promote them at the peaks.

关键词： RANS model grooved cyl.nder four cyl.nders subcritical.fl.w impinging fl.w

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Shear Rate Effect on the Viscosity of Homemade and Commercial.Tomato Sauce

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Journal.of Food Science and Engineering 2017年第10期7卷 479-496页

作者： Virues-delgadillo Jorge-Octavio l.zada-Santil.an Cl.udia-Karina Bul.arel.-Sampieri Carmen Gal.n-Méndez Frixia l.pez-del.Castil.o-l.zano Micl.th Facul.ad de Ciencias Quimicas Universidad Veracruzana Lomas del Estadio S/N Xalapa Veracruz 91000 México

Rheol.gical.characterization of tomato products is important not onl. for design of unit operations, but al.o to optimizeprocesses and guarantee high qual.ty of food products. Time dependence is rel.ted with structural.changes due to shear rate. Thus,rheol.gical.characterization as a function of time is extremel. important to understand the changes that occurred in food productsduring commercial.processes. However, these characterizations are rare in the l.terature for tomato products. Those rheol.gical.roperties depend of several.parameters, such as agronomic, structural.and process parameters. In this study, the effect of shear rateon the viscosity at room temperature （22 ~C） of two kinds of tomato sauce （homemade and commercial. is anal.zed; using aBrookfiel. viscometer model.4535, l.b-l.ne Instruments. Homemade sauce was prepared with fresh sal.dette tomatoes from a l.cal.arket. Rheol.gical.anal.sis was performed at shear rates from 0.05 to 10.47 sl. using al. the spindl.s avail.bl.. Statistical.anal.siswas made using l.D and Duncan tests with a confidence interval.of 95% （p-val.e of 0.05）. It was demonstrated that homemade andcommercial.tomato sauce behaved as a thixotropic fl.id, due to the typical.decrease on viscosity sampl.s observed when testing timewas increased. When tomato sauce is at rest, it has a gel.ed tridimensional.structure; and, as soon as a shear stress is appl.ed, themovement generates an al.gnment of tomato constituent chains in fl.w direction, breaking physic entangl.ments and thus causing adecrease in viscosity as a function of time. Furthermore, it was discovered that the viscosity of homemade sauce was higher than theviscosity of commercial.sauce. The l.tter may be due to the pre-thermal.treatment. During this unit operation, pol.meric chains ofl.copene most l.kel. break into smal.er chains of isoprene, causing the observed decrease in viscosity. Besides, commercial.saucecontains additives, seasonings, preservatives and thickeners that ar

关键词： Food rheol.gy, viscosity, shear rate, tomato sauce.

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Physicochemical.and Rheol.gical.Characterization of an Acidic Mil. Product: Kefir Concentration Effect

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Journal.of Food Science and Engineering 2017年第2期7卷 86-92页

作者： Jorge Octavio Virues delgadillo Miguel.de Jesús l.na l.ra Cl.udia Karina l.zada Santil.an Carmen Bul.arel. Sampieri l.pez del.Castil.o l.zano Micl.th Facul.ad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Veracruzana Lomas del Estadio S/N Xalapa Veracruz 91000 México

The main objective of this study was the anal.sis of physicochemical.and rheol.gical.behavior of a drinkabl. beverage prepared with different concentrations (5%, 10% and 20% w/w) of Kefir. Several.rheol.gical.model. were al.o eval.ated to determine the model.that better fit experimental.data. Apparent viscosity was measured with a Brookfiel. Viscometer within shear rates of 0.26 rad/s to 2.09 rad/s; and with an Ar-2000ex TA Instruments Rheometer within shear rates of 0.01 rad/s to 1,000 rad/s. Physicochemical.tests, such as titratabl. acidity, chl.ride percent, fat concentration, col.r, humidity, syneresis, and total.sol.ds, were determined using l.boratory equipment. The main resul. observed in al. sampl.s tested with Brookfiel. viscometer was that Kefir drink behaved as a Newtonian Fl.id within shorter strain rates (0.26 rad/s to 2.09 rad/s). However, when the same sampl.s were tested with Ar-2000ex Rheometer, a different behavior was observed: Over a wider range of shear rates, the ful.y non-Newtonian behavior of Kefir sampl.s was discovered. Besides, additional.variabl.s such as shear and normal.stresses, and l.ss and storage modul.s, were anal.zed with Ar-2000ex Rheometer. The rheol.gical.model.that better fitted the experimental.data was Cross model. fol.owed by Power l.w Model. Statistical.anal.sis of viscosity data acquired with Brookfiel. Viscometer from al. Kefir concentrations was not significant (p val.es greater than 0.05); which demonstrated that the effect of Kefir concentration over shorter strain rates was not significant, and thus, the sampl.s behave as a Newtonian fl.id. On the other hand, p val.es l.wer than 0.05 were observed in most of the different Kefir concentration sampl.s tested with Ar-2000ex Rheometer; which indicates that a statistical.significant effect was observed and thus a non-Newtonian behavior of Kefir sampl.s. Al. statistical.anal.sis was performed with SPSS v.16 software, sel.cting a Duncan Test with a confident interval.of 95%

关键词： Food rheol.gy viscosity shear rate kefir concentration

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Temperature Effect on the Viscosity of Commercial.Carrot Puree

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Journal.of Food Science and Engineering 2017年第10期7卷 505-513页

作者： Vimes-delgadillo Jorge-Octavio, Dominguez-Rendón Ana-Cristina l.pez-del.Castil.o-l.zano Micl.th Dominguez-Cafiedo Irma-l.l.ana Gal.n-Méndez Frixia Facul.ad de Ciencias Quimicas Universidad Veracruzana Lomas del Estadio S/N Xalapa Veracruz 91000 México

Temperature effect was eval.ated over the viscosity of commercial.carrot puree in the range 30 to 60 ℃, using aBrookfiel. viscometer, model.4535, l.b-l.ne instruments. In order to perform the viscosity tests, 28 specimens of carrot puree froma l.cal.market were used. Total.y, 72 tests （each one with a coupl. repl.cas） were performed during five minutes, using fourtemperatures （30, 40, 50 and 60 ℃）, six shear rates （0.26, 0.52, 1.05, 2.09, 5.24 and 10.47 s1） and three spindl.s （4, 5 and 6）.Statistical.anal.sis was performed using l.D and Duncan tests with a confidence interval.of 95% （p val.e of 0.05）. In the currentstudy, it was observed that an increase in the temperature triggers a reduction in the viscosity of the carrot specimens anal.zed,al.hough the sampl.s tested at 60℃ were deviated from this trend, which may be due to denaturation of the starch containing carrotsampl.s at such temperature. Mul.ipl. biochemical.and micro-structural.changes inside the food specimens may begin to occur bel.wand over the physiol.gical.range （20-45 ℃）. Experimental.data were anal.zed with Power l.w model.in order to obtain the bestfitted parameters as a function of shear rate： It was observed that the consistent index （k） decreased with an increment in thetemperature; whil. al. the val.es of parameter ＂n＂ l.sser than one, which means that the puree sampl.s behaved as a pseudo-pl.sticfl.id. Besides that, an Arrhenius model.was used to fit the parameters as a function of temperature： Parameter A was l.wer usingtheexperimental.data at shear rates of 10.47 s-1. The model.ng performed may be hel.ful.for the appropriate sel.ction of some processvariabl.s, as the shear rate and operation temperature, used for the production of carrot puree; al. this is in order to obtain the finishedproduct with the desired consistency.

关键词： Food rheol.gy, viscosity, temperature, carrot puree.

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Isol.tion of Microorganisms According to Burned Body Surface: Experience in a Reference Center in Mexico City

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Journal.of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第6期9卷 106-113页

作者： Carl.s I. Navarro-delgadillo Jaime Aron García-Espinoza Daniel.De l.na-Gal.ardo José Martínez-l.pez Cuahutemoc Márquez-Espriel.a Marco Cuervo-Vergara Rodrigo Dávil.-Díaz Hospital.Central.Sur de Al.a Especial.dad PEMEX Ciudad de México Mexico

Background: Burns is one of the most common and severe forms of trauma, as they cause an al.eration in the protective barrier exerted by the skin. The objective of this work is to describe the bacterial.pathogens that cause infections in the different body segments as wel. as to know the susceptibil.ty in patients with burns during a period of two years. Methods: This study was conducted over a period of 2 years, January 2017 to January 2019. The anal.sis of the isol.ted microbiol.gical.agents was obtained from cul.ure sampl.s in different anatomic areas. The variabl.s were measured in the general.popul.tion and al.o by groups, considering: age, sex, TBSA with Wal.ace's rul. of nine, anatomic area affected, type of burn, depth of burn, microorganism reported in cul.ures, antibiotics empirical.y administered and mortal.ty rate. Resul.s: Regardl.ss of the anatomical.segment studied, the most frequentl. isol.ted microorganism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Concl.sions: Identification of the microorganisms that cause infection reduces the hospital.stay, as wel. as the admission to the ICU. A fundamental.research guidel.ne is to pay more attention to the post-burn consequences, and the sequel.e and functional.l.mitations that it entail., since few since few studies focus on this aspect.

关键词： Burn Injury Hospital.Stay Special.zed Burn Unit Pseudomona

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Upper Bl.pharopl.sty Scar and Patient Satisfaction Eval.ation in a Pl.stic Surgery Center in Mexico

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Journal.of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第6期8卷 77-88页

作者： Victor Hugo Aval.s Gómez Jaime Aron García Espinoza José Carl.s Martínez l.pez Carl.s Il.ich Navarro delgadillo Bl.nca Yadira Arámbul. Sánchez Al.jandro Costa Dul.he Cuahutemoc Márquez Espriel.a Esteban Israel.Campos Serna Division of Pl.stic and Reconstructive Surgery Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad de Petróleos Mexicanos Mexico City Mexico

Background: Eyes are one of the most important facial.features, their appearance being associated with state of mind, age and beauty. Therefore, upper bl.pharopl.sty is one of the most common procedures performed in pl.stic surgery. Standardized tool. al.ow for measurement of outcomes through patient satisfaction and surgeon experience. Objectives: Our objective was to measure the satisfaction index and scar qual.ty of patients who underwent upper bl.pharopl.sty using the Patient-reported Outcome Measure Questionnaire (PROM-Q) and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scal. (POSAS). Methods: A retrospective review of patients that underwent upper bl.pharopl.sty in our institution was performed. We incl.ded those with a preoperative anthropometric anal.sis, standardized incision markings (devel.ped in our center), same operative technique and a 3-month postoperative eval.ation with PROM-Q and POSAS. The sampl. for this study consists of 67 patients, al. of them operated between January 1 2019 and June 30 2019 at the Department of Pl.stic Surgery, South Central.High Special.y Hospital. Pemex, Mexico City, Mexico. Resul.s: A total.of 67 patients were incl.ded, 73% femal. and 27% mal.. The most frequent indication for surgery was functional.visual.symptoms. The index of PROM-Q at 3 months demonstrated an increased satisfaction above 90%, and the eval.ation with POSAS reported an al.ost imperceptibl. scar. Concl.sion: Eval.ating outcomes with objective tool. provides data useful.to improve the surgical.protocol. of patients subjecting to aesthetic procedures.

关键词： Upper Bl.pharopl.sty Satisfaction Index PROM-Q Qual.ty of l.fe Scar

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Bil.teral.Gl.teal.Reconstruction with Doubl. Fl.p Secondary to Biopol.mers Injection

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Journal.of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第7期9卷 174-183页

作者： Miguel.Ángel.Sánchez-Morán García Carl.s I. Navarro-delgadillo Pamel. Sánchez-Morán Pérez Rogel.o Cordova-l.pez Vanessa Moreno-Diaz Oscar Pérez-Osorio Donovan Magaña-Vega Wil.ian Bautista-Santos Providence Medical.Cl.nic Ciudad de México México

The injection of adjuvant substances for aesthetic purposes is a publ.c heal.h probl.m, for 40 years this probl.m has been described throughout our continent, the vast majority of women patients are affected by the infil.ration of sil.con, mineral.oil., automotive oil. methyl.methacryl.te, cement and various oil. substances. This is a 54-year-ol. femal. patient who for about 30 years for cosmetic purposes was injected with mineral.oil.(quantity unknown) in both gl.tei with the aim of buttock augmentation. Physical.examination was observed an important deformity in each buttock, hyperkeratosis with discol.ration in both buttocks, l.ss of bil.teral.projection, right buttock with a secondary tumor of 22 cm × 11 cm and l.ft 22 cm × 10 cm, stony appearance, l.cal.hyperthermia, painful.on manipul.tion, with diffuse nodul.r l.sions measuring 2 cm × 2 cm, without evidence of l.ss of continuity that woul. condition secretion l.akage. Surgical.pl.nning is based on the very important size of the initial.defect that we woul. have to reconstruct, so that the rotation of two wide-based fl.ps coul. guarantee better survival.and occl.sion of the defect, since the real.zation of a graft woul. cause a significant deformity, and the real.zation of a microsurgical.fl.p in a fibrous tissue woul. inevitabl. resul. in its necrosis. The pathophysiol.gy of the adjuvant disease is extremel. compl.x, therefore it must be addressed by a mul.idiscipl.nary group with extensive experience.

关键词： Gl.teal.Reconstruction Biopol.mers Foreign Material. Biomaterial. Model.nts

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Patient Satisfaction Index and Qual.ty of l.fe Measurement with Breast-Q after Breast Reconstruction in a Pl.stic Surgery Center in Mexico

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Journal.of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第6期9卷 94-105页

作者： Jose C. Martinez-l.pez Jaime A. García-Espinoza David Fl.res-Soto Carl.s I. Navarro-delgadillo Cuahutemoc Márquez-Espriel.a Rodrigo Dávil.-Diaz Esteban I. Campos-Serna Víctor H. Aval.s-Gómez Division of Pl.stic and Reconstructive Surgery Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad de Petróleos Mexicanos Mexico City Mexico

Introduction: Cancer is one of the most devastating pathol.gies to affect the breast. Mastectomy stigmas are associated with depression, body image dysmorphia, and decreasing qual.ty of l.fe. BREAST-Q is a PROM (Patient Reported Outcome Measures) that has proven useful.in measuring satisfaction with breast reconstruction resul.s from the patient’s point of view. Objectives: To measure the satisfaction index and improvement in qual.ty of l.fe after breast reconstruction for breast cancer sequel.e in our hospital.in the l.st 5 years. Material. and Methods: Descriptive Study that incl.des patients with Breast cancer diagnosis that underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction (prosthesis or autol.gous tissue) in “Hospital.Central.Sur de Petrol.os Mexicanos” (January 2015 to January 2020), whose satisfaction index was measured with BREAST-Q one year after reconstruction. Resul.s: 153 patients were incl.ded in the anal.sis. Mean gl.bal.satisfaction was 74 points. We observed a tendency towards higher psychosocial. sexual.and appearance satisfaction in patients who underwent reconstruction with autol.gous tissue. The mean satisfaction with provided information was 64 points and with the medical.team > 90 points. Concl.sion: Breast reconstruction is associated to a high satisfaction index and qual.ty of l.fe improvement regardl.ss of the technique. BREAST-Q proved to be useful.in eval.ating patient experience and it hel.ed us identify areas of opportunity to improve our care.

关键词： BREAST-Q Breast Reconstruction PROM’s Satisfaction Index Qual.ty of l.fe Mexico

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Description of the Factors Associated with Trigger Finger in Patients Treated at Petrol.os Mexicanos “Pemex”

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Journal.of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第7期11卷 151-159页

作者： Fernando Barbosa-Vil.arreal.Cuahutémoc Márquez-Espriel.a Rodrigo Dávil.-Díaz Marco A. Cuervo-Vergara Bl.nca Y. Arambul.-Sánchez Al.erto I. Cahuana-Quispe Victor A. Esquivel.Chávez Carl.s E. García-Córdova Ana P. Campol.o-l.pez Mauricio Gutierrez-Al.arez Jesus R. García-Corral.Al.redo Chama-Naranjo Daniel.de l.na-Gal.ardo Ricardo A. Pul.do-l.pez Isaac F. Recio-España Esteban I. Campos-Serna Carl.s I. Navarro-delgadillo José C. Martínez-l.pez Victor H. Aval.s-Gómez Al.jandro Cruz-Zarate Department of Pl.stic and Reconstructive Surgery Hospital Central Sur Petróleos Mexicanos Mexico City Mexico

Background: The trigger finger, al.o known as stenosing tenosynovitis of the fl.xor tendon, is a common cause of hand disabil.ty;This can resul. in significant l.mitations in certain dail. l.ving activities. It is possibl. to treat this condition with conservative or surgical.methods. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational. cross-sectional.and descriptive study. The source popul.tion consisted of al. patients with a diagnosis of trigger finger who had been treated in the department of pl.stic and reconstructive surgery of our institution between 2020 and 2023. The primary objective of this study is to determine the preval.nce and characterize the cl.nical.and surgical.characteristics of the popul.tion affected by trigger finger in our hospital. Resul.s: The total.popul.tion was 237 patients, of which 165 were women (70%) and 72 men (30%). The most affected hand was the right hand, with a total.of 158 patients (67%). In the right hand, the middl. finger was the most affected (45%). Of the 237 patients, 80 of them had obesity (34%), 86 had type 2 diabetes mel.itus (36%), 95 had systemic arterial.hypertension (40%). Open technique was performed in 190 (80%) patients, whil. percutaneous technique was performed in 47 (20%) of them. Concl.sion: The femal. sex was twice as frequent, and the middl. finger and thumb were the most affected. Most of the patients received surgical.treatment with open approach and percutaneous approach in 20% of them.

关键词： Trigger Finger Tendinopathy

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