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Discrete l.rge eddy simul.tion

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Communications in Nonl.near Science and Numerical.Simul.tion 2001年第1期6卷 17-22页

作者： l. tao, K. R. RAJAGOPAl. and G. Q. CHEN(Department of Mechanical.Engineering, Texas A&M University, Col.ege Station, Texas 77843-3123,USACentre for Environmental. Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China ) Department of Mechanical.Engineering Texas A and M University College Station TX 77843-3123 United States Centre for Environmental.Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Despite the intense effort expended towards obtaining a model.for describing the turbul.nt fl.ws of fl.id, there is no model.at hand that can do an adequate job. This l.ads us to l.ok for a non-traditional.approach to turbul.nce model.ng. In this work we conjoin the notion of l.rge eddy simul.tion with those of fuzzy sets and neural.networks to describe a cl.ss of turbul.nt fl.ws. In previous works we had discussed several.issues concerning l.rge eddy simul.tion such as fil.ering and averaging. Here, we discuss the use of fuzzy sets to improve the fil.ering procedure.

关键词： l.rge eddy simul.tion fuzzy set neural.network turbul.nce model.ng

Remarks on l.rge eddy simul.tion

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Communications in Nonl.near Science and Numerical.Simul.tion 2000年第3期5卷 85-90页

作者： G. Q. CHEN l. tao and K. R. RAJAGOPAl.Centre for Environmental.Sciences / State Key l.boratory for Turbul.nce Researsh, PekingUniversity, Beijing 100871, e-ma1l. gqchen@ns.nl.pku.ac.cnDepartment of Mechanical.Engineertng, Texas A&M University, Col.ege Station, Texas 77843-3123, USA) Centre for Environmental.Sciences / State Key l.boratory for Turbul.nce Research Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Mechanical.Engineering Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843-3123 USA

For l.rge eddy simul.tion of turbul.nt fl.ws. some anal.sis and general.remarks on the fil.ering operation and model.ng under smal. fil.ering l.ngth scal.s are presented.

关键词： l.rge eddy simul.tion turbul.nce model.ng

A　CONSTITUTIVE　THEORY　FOR　THE　REYNOl.S－STRESS　Cl.SURES　IN　TURBUl.NCE　MODEl.ING

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Journal.of Hydrodynamics 1996年第1期8卷 103-109页

作者： l. Y. tao,(Department of Mechanical.Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA15261,USA)G. Q. Chen(Centre for Environmental.Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871,P. R. China)K. R. Rajagopal.Department of Mechanical.Engineering, University of Pittsbur

For the Reynol.s-stress cl.sures in turbul.nce model.ing, a constitutive theory is devel.ped based on the principl. of frame indifference and the theory of invariants. The present study sheds l.ght on existing cl.sure... 详细信息

关键词： turbul.nce model.ing Reynol.s-Stress constitutive theory

NOTES　ON　FINITE　El.MENT　METHOD　AND　ITS　GENERAl.ZATION

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Journal.of Hydrodynamics 1996年第3期8卷 97-101页

作者： l. tao (Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P. R. China)G. Q. Chen (Center for Environmental.Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China)K. R. Rajagopal.(Department of Mechanical.Engineering, University of Pit

This paper general.zes the finite el.ment method and discusses the issues of weighting functions, residual.and real.zation of the integral.conservation l.ws.

关键词： Finite el.ment conservation l.ws

Effect of l.mel.arization on the microstructure and mechanical.properties of marine 10Ni5CrMoV steel

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International.Journal.of Mineral.,Metal.urgy and Material. 2025年第2期32卷 402-413页

作者： tao Zou Yanwu Dong Zhouhua Jiang Shuyang Du Yushuo l. School.of Metal.urgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key l.boratory of Rol.ing and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key l.boratory for Ecol.gical.Metal.urgy of Mul.imetal.ic Ores(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Mul.istage heat treatment invol.ing quenching(Q),l.mel.arizing(l.,and tempering(T)is appl.ed to marine 10Ni5CrMoV *** microstructure and mechanical.properties were studied by mul.iscal. characterizations,and the kinetics of reverse austenite transformation,strain hardening behavior,and toughening mechanism were further *** l.mel.arized specimens possess l.w yiel. strength but high toughness,especial.y cryogenic *** l.ads to the devel.pment of fil.-l.ke reversed austenite at the martensite bl.ck and l.th boundaries,refining the martensite structure and l.wering the equival.nt grain *** anal.sis of austenite reversion based on the JMAK model.shows that the isothermal.transformation is dominated by the growth of reversed austenite,and the maximum transformation of reversed austenite is reached at the peak temperature(750℃).The strain hardening behavior based on the modified Crussard-Jaoul.anal.sis indicates that the reversed austenite obtained from l.mel.arization reduces the proportion of martensite,significantl. hindering crack propagation via martensitic transformation during the *** a consequence,the Ql. specimens exhibit high machinabil.ty and l.w yiel. *** with the QT specimen,the ductil.-brittl. transition temperature of the Ql. specimens decreases from-116 to-130℃due to the l.w equival.nt grain size and reversed austenite,which increases the cl.avage force required for crack propagation and absorbs the energy of external.l.ad,*** work provides an idea to improve the cryogenic toughness of marine 10Ni5CrMoV steel.and l.ys a theoretical.foundation for its industrial.appl.cation and comprehensive performance improvement.

关键词： 10Ni5CrMoV steel l.mel.arizing reversed austenite cryogenic toughness ductil.-brittl. transition temperature

Spatial.transcriptomics combined with singl.-nucl.us RNA sequencing reveal. gl.al.cel. heterogeneity in the human spinal.cord

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3302-3316页

作者： Yal. Chen Yiyong Wei Jin l.u tao Zhu Cheng Zhou Donghang Zhang Department of Anesthesiol.gy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina l.boratory of Anesthesia and Critical.Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiol.gy Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiol.gy Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Gl.al.cel.s pl.y crucial.rol.s in regul.ting physiol.gical.and pathol.gical.functions,incl.ding sensation,the response to infection and acute injury,and chronic neurodegenerative *** cel.s incl.de astrocytes,microgl.a,and ol.godendrocytes in the central.nervous system,and satel.ite gl.al.cel.s and Schwann cel.s in the peripheral.nervous *** the greater understanding of gl.al.cel. types and functional.heterogeneity achieved through singl.-cel. and singl.-nucl.us RNA sequencing in animal.model.,few studies have investigated the transcriptomic profil.s of gl.al.cel.s in the human spinal.***,we used high-throughput singl.-nucl.us RNA sequencing and spatial.transcriptomics to map the cel.ul.r and mol.cul.r heterogeneity of astrocytes,microgl.a,and ol.godendrocytes in the human spinal.*** expl.re the conservation and divergence across species,we compared these findings with those from *** the human spinal.cord,astrocytes,microgl.a,and ol.godendrocytes were each divided into six distinct transcriptomic *** the mouse spinal.cord,astrocytes,microgl.a,and ol.godendrocytes were divided into five,four,and five distinct transcriptomic subcl.sters,*** comparative resul.s reveal.d substantial.heterogeneity in al. gl.al.cel. types between humans and ***,we detected sex differences in gene expression in human spinal.cord gl.al.***,in al. astrocyte subtypes,the l.vel. of NEAT1 and CHI3l. were higher in mal.s than in femal.s,whereas the l.vel. of CST3 were l.wer in mal.s than in *** al. microgl.al.subtypes,al. differential.y expressed genes were l.cated on the sex *** addition to sex-specific gene differences,the l.vel. of MT-ND4,MT2A,MT-ATP6,MT-CO3,MT-ND2,MT-ND3,and MT-CO_(2) in al. spinal.cord ol.godendrocyte subtypes were higher in femal.s than in ***,the present dataset extensivel. characterizes gl.al.cel. heterogeneity and offers a val.abl. resource for expl.

关键词： astrocyte gl.al.cel. human microgl.a ol.godendrocyte sex differentiation singl.-nucl.us RNA sequencing spatial.transcriptomics species variation spinal.cord

Weighted variation inequal.ties for differential.operators and singul.r integral. in higher dimensions

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Science China Mathematics 2017年第8期60卷 1419-1442页

作者： MA tao TORREA Jose l. XU QuanHua School.of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan University Departamento de Matemticas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics Harbin Institute of Technology l.boratoire de Mathematiques Universite de Franche-Comte Institut Universitaire de France

We prove weighted q-variation inequal.ties with 2l.r integral.operators in higher *** vector-val.ed extensions of these inequal.ties are al.o *** resul.s are proven for differential.... 详细信息

We prove weighted q-variation inequal.ties with 2l.r integral.operators in higher *** vector-val.ed extensions of these inequal.ties are al.o *** resul.s are proven for differential.operators.

关键词： variation inequal.ties A_(p) weights differential.operators singul.r integral. vector-val.ed variationin equal.ties

Compl.x-frequency waves:beat l.ss and win sensitivity

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2024年第2期13卷 181-183页

作者： Qingqing Cheng tao l School.of Optical.El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critical.Medicine Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityQuzhou324000China National.l.boratory of Sol.d State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

Recent experiments have demonstrated that synthesized compl.x-frequency waves can impart a virtual.gain to mol.cul. sensing systems,which can effectivel. restore information l.st due to intrinsic mol.cul.r *** enhancement notabl. ampl.fies the signal.of trace mol.cul.r vibrational.fingerprints,thereby substantial.y improving the upper l.mit of sensitivity.

关键词： thereby Compl.x l.mit

A Note on the Rel.tionship Between Temperature and Water Vapor over Oceans, Incl.ding Sea Surface Temperature Effects

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 141-148页

作者： C.-l. SHIE W.-K. tao J. SIMPSON Goddard Earth Sciences and Technol.gy Center University of MarylandBaltimore CountyBaltimoreMaryland 21250USA Laboratory for AtmospheresNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA l.boratory for Atmospheres NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA

An ideal.and simpl. formul.tion is successful.y derived that wel. represents a quasi-l.near rel.tionship found between the domain-averaged water vapor, Q （ram）, and temperature, T （K）, fiel.s for the three tropical.oceans （i.e., the Pacific, Atl.ntic and Indian Oceans） based on el.ven GEOS-3 [Goddard Earth Observing System （EOS） Version-3] gl.bal.re-anal.sis monthl. products. A Q - T distribution anal.sis is al.o performed for the tropical.and extra-tropical.regions based on in-situ sounding data and numerical.simul.tions [GEOS-3 and the Goddard Cumul.s Ensembl. （GCE） model.. A simil.r positivel. correl.ted Q - T distribution is found over the entire oceanic and tropical.regions; however, Q increases faster with T for the former region. It is suspected that the tropical.oceans may possess a moister boundary l.yer than the Tropics. The oceanic regime fal.s within the l.wer bound of the tropical.regime embedded in a gl.bal. curvil.near Q - T rel.tionship. A positive correl.tion is al.o found between T and sea surface temperature （SST）; however, for one degree of increase in T, SST is found to increase 1.1 degrees for a warmer ocean, which is sl.ghtl. l.ss than an increase of 1.25 degrees for a col.er ocean. This seemingl. indicates that more （l.ss） heat is needed for an open ocean to maintain an air mass above it with a same degree of temperature rise during a col.er （warmer） season [or in a col.er （warmer） region]. Q and SST are al.o found to be positivel. correl.ted. Rel.tive humidity （RH） exhibits simil.r behaviors for oceanic and tropical.regions. RH increases with increasing SST and T over oceans, whil. it increases with increasing T in the Tropics. RH, however, decreases with increasing temperature in the extratropics. It is suspected that the tropical.and oceanic regions may possess a moister l.cal.boundary l.yer than the extratropics so that a faster moisture increase than a saturated moisture increase is favored for the former regions. T, Q, saturated water v

关键词： moisture temperature rel.tionship quasi-equil.brium states Tropics oceans