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Modulation doping of p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)toward improving thermoelectric performance

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 71-79页

作者： Khak ho Lim Mingquan Li yu Zhang yue Wu Qimin Zhou Qingyue Wang Xuan Yang Pingwei Liu Wen-Jun Wang Ka Wai Wong Ka Ming Ng yu Liu Andreu Cabot Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou 324000China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310007China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Ostia Technologies Limited United Kingdom Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 23Barcelona 08010Spain Catalonia Energy Research Institute-IREC Sant Adria del BesosBarcelona 08930Spain

The commercial viability of thermoelectric(TE)devices relies heavily on two factors:cost reduction and efficiency *** this study,we first produce p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(16-x)(x=0,3,4)using a low-temperature bottom-up approach and demonstrate Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)to show the best TE performance among the three tested ***,the TE energy conversion efficiency of Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)is further enhanced by optimizing its electronic band structure through the incorporation of small amounts of *** an optimal Te content of 5 mol%,more than a twofold increase in the TE figure of merit(zT)is *** gain insight into the mechanism of improvement on the transport properties of the mate-rial,we compare the interphase transport mechanism by incorporating nanodomains of different metals(Ag and Cu)into the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** improved electrical conductivity obtained with Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te nanocomposites is attributed to a charge flooding of the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** contrast,excessive down-ward band-bending at the interphases of Ag/Cu metal-semiconductor drastically reduces the electrical ***,a weighted mobility(μw)analysis shows a dominant thermal activation of carri-ers in Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te *** this material,a strong decrease in lattice thermal conductivity is also found,which is associated with a phonon-carrier scattering *** work shows the impor-tance of proper band-engineering in TE nanocomposites to decouple electrical and thermal transport to enhance TE performance,and the efficacy ofμw for electrical and thermal transport analysis.

关键词： Modulation doping Thermoelectric Interphase transport Charge flooding Phonon-carrier scattering

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The mediatory role of water quality on the association between extreme precipitation events and infectious diarrhea in the Yangtze River Basin,China

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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 495-504页

作者： Junfeng yu Liang Zhao Xin-Zhong Liang Hung Chak ho Masahiro Hashizume Cunrui Huang School of Public Health Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China The State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Department of Public and International Affairs City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Healthy China Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Extreme precipitation is exacerbating the burden of infectious diarrhea in the context of climate change,it is necessary to identify the critical and easy-to-intervene intermediate factors for public health *** quality may be the most important mediator,while relevant empirical evidence is *** study aimed to examine the role of water quality in the process of infectious diarrhea caused by extreme *** infectious diarrhea cases,meteorological factors and water quality data in Yangtze River Basin in China between October 29,2007 to February 19,2017 were ***-stage statistical models were used to estimate city-specific extreme precipitation,water quality and infectious diarrhea relationships that were pooled to derive regional estimates.A causal mediation analysis was used to assess the mediation effect of water *** Yangtze River Basin,extreme precipitation events had a significant impact on infectious diarrhea(Incidence Rate Ratios[IRR]:1.027,95%Confidence Interval[CI]:1.013~1.041).After extreme precipitation events,the dissolved oxygen(DO)in surface water decreased(-0.123 mg/L,95%CI:-0.159 mg/L~-0.086 mg/L),while the un-ionized ammonia(NH(3)-N)increased(0.004 mg/L,95%CI:0.001 mg/L~0.006 mg/L).The combined overall effect of DO and NH(3)-N on infectious diarrhea showed that both low and high concentrations were associated with an increased risk of infectious *** causal mediation analysis showed that the mediation proportion of the two water quality indexes(DO and NH(3)-N)is 70.54%(Phose that take into account more direct and easy-to-intervene water quality indicators should be encouraged by future policies.

关键词： Extreme precipitation Infectious diarrhea Water quality Dissolved oxygen Un-ionized ammonia Mediation analysis

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CD200Rhigghh neutrophils with dysfunctional autophagy establish systemic immunosuppression by increasing regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 349-361页

作者： Ye Seon Kim yu Sun Jeong Geon ho Bae Ji Hyeon Kang Mingyu Lee Brian A.Zabel Yoe-Sik Bae Department of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of Health Science and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research Veterans Affairs HospitalPalo AltoCA94304USA

Distinct neutrophil populations arise during certain pathological *** generation of dysfunctional neutrophils during sepsis and their contribution to septicemia-related systemic immune suppression remain *** this study,using an experimental sepsis model that features immunosuppression,we identified a novel population of pathogenic CD200R^(high) neutrophils that are generated during the initial stages of sepsis and contribute to systemic immune suppression by enhancing regulatory T(T_(reg))*** to their CD200R^(low)counterparts,sepsis-generated CD200Rhigh neutrophils exhibit impaired autophagy and dysfunction,with reduced chemotactic migration,superoxide anion production,and TNF-α*** soluble CD200 blocks autophagy and neutrophil maturation in the bone marrow during experimental sepsis,and recombinant CD200 treatment in vitro can induce neutrophil dysfunction similar to that observed in CD200R^(high) *** administration of anα-CD200R antibody effectively reversed neutrophil dysfunction by enhancing autophagy and protecting against a secondary infection challenge,leading to increased *** analysis revealed that CD200R^(high) neutrophils expressed high levels of Igf1,which elicits the generation of Treg cells,while the administration of anα-CD200R antibody inhibited Treg cell generation in a secondary infection *** together,our findings revealed a novel CD200R^(high) neutrophil population that mediates the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced systemic immunosuppression by generating Treg cells.

关键词： Sepsis Neutrophils CD200R Autophagy IGF-1 Regulatory T cells

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Artificial optoelectronic synapse based on spatiotemporal irradiation to source-sharing circuitry of synaptic phototransistors

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InfoMat 2024年第2期6卷 131-141页

作者： Seungho Song Changsoon Choi Jongtae Ahn Je-Jun Lee Jisu Jang Byoung-Soo yu Jung Pyo hong Yong-Sang Ryu Yong-hoon Kim Do kyung Hwang Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices Post-Silicon Semiconductor InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Center for Spintronics Post-Silicon Semiconductor InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea Division of Nanoscience&Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology(UST)SeoulRepublic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

To overcome the intrinsic inefficiency of the von Neumann architecture,neuromorphic devices that perform analog vector–matrix multiplication have been highlighted for achieving power-and time-efficient data *** particular,artificial synapses,of which conductance should be programmed to represent the synaptic weights of the artificial neural network,have been intensively researched to realize neuromorphic ***,inspired by excitatory and inhibitory synapses,we develop an artificial optoelectronic synapse that shows both potentiation and depression characteristics triggered only by optical *** design of the artificial optoelectronic synapse,in which excitatory and inhibitory synaptic phototransistors are serially connected,enables these characteristics by spatiotemporally irradiating the phototransistor channels with optical ***,a negative synaptic weight can be realized without the need for electronic components such as *** such attributes,the artificial optoelectronic synapse is demonstrated to classify three digits with a high recognition rate(98.3%)and perform image preprocessing via analog vector-matrix multiplication.

关键词： amorphous oxide semiconductor analog processing artificial synapse neuromorphic optoelectronics

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Vertical plane depth-resolved surface potential and carrier separation characteristics in flexible CZTSSe solar cells with over 12% efficiency

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 36-52页

作者： Dae-ho Son Ha kyung Park Dae-Hwan Kim Jin-Kyu Kang Shi-Joon Sung Dae-Kue Hwang Jaebaek Lee Dong-Hwan Jeon yunae Cho William Jo Taeseon Lee Junho Kim Sang-hoon Nam Kee-Jeong Yang Division of Energy Technology DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Research Center for Thin Film Solar Cells DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Incheon National UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe)solar cells have resource distribution and economic *** main cause of their low efficiency is carrier loss resulting from recombination of photo-generated electron and *** overcome this,it is important to understand their electron-hole behavior *** determine the carrier separation characteristics,we measured the surface potential and the local current in terms of the absorber *** elemental variation in the intragrains(IGs)and at the grain boundaries(GBs)caused a band edge shift and bandgap(Eg)*** the absorber surface and subsurface,an upward Ec and Ev band bending structure was observed at the GBs,and the carrier separation was *** the absorber center,both upward Ec and Ev and downward Ec-upward Ev band bending structures were observed at the GBs,and the carrier separation was *** improve the carrier separation and suppress carrier recombination,an upward Ec and Ev band bending structure at the GBs is desirable.

关键词： carrier separation CZTSSe flexible solar cell local current surface potential

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Supramolecular Manipulation of Intracellular Acidic Vesicles to Improve Cellular Self-Repair and Self-Defense

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1487-1498页

作者： Ziyi Wang Chen Sun yu Dong yuan-Fu Ding Chen Zhao Ian Wa ho Jiahong Lu Ruibing Wang State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao 999078China

Lysosomes are the“cell stomach”that digests various species including macromolecules and pathogens for self-repair and self-defense upon fusion with endosomes,autophagosomes,and ***,artificially manipulating intracellular vesicles could potentially promote lysosome-mediated intracellular digestion for disease prevention and ***,a supramolecular strategy to efficiently tether and fuse acidic vesicles(i.e.,lysosomes,late endosomes,autolysosomes,and phagosomes)has been developed for the first time to enhance the digestion of cellular wastes and foreign matter,including pathogens.A linear polyethylene glycol(PEG)derivative dually tagged with morpholine(MOR)and adamantane(ADA)on the opposite side,namely,MOR-PEG-ADA,was designed to target intracellular acidic vesicles via MOR and to decorate their surfaces with ***,the addition of cucurbit[7]uril(CB[7])grafted hyaluronic acid(HA)induced supramolecular tethering and fusion of acidic vesicles via strong host-guest interactions between CB[7]of CB[7]-HA and ADA residing on the surface of acidic *** a proof-ofconcept,the overall cellular metabolism,including endogenous autophagy and the exogenous endocytosis and phagocytosis,was effectively upregulated,demonstrating that supramolecular regulation of the dynamics of intracellular acidic vesicles may promote the lysosome’s digestion to significantly improve cellular self-repair and self-defense.

关键词： supramolecular chemistry organelle regulation intracellular acidic vesicles lysosomes selfdefense self-repair

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RSPSSL:A novel high-fidelity Raman spectral preprocessing scheme to enhance biomedical applications and chemical resolution visualization

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 366-386页

作者： Jiaqi Hu Gina Jinna Chen Chenlong Xue Pei Liang Yanqun Xiang Chuanlun Zhang Xiaokeng Chi Guoying Liu Yanfang Ye Dongyu Cui De Zhang Xiaojun yu hong Dang Wen Zhang Junfan Chen Quan Tang Penglai Guo ho-Pui ho yuchao Li Longqing Cong Perry Ping Shum State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics IntellisenseDepartment of EEESouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China College of Optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangzhou 510060China Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Nephrology Chaozhou People’s HospitalChaozhou 521011China Clinical Research Design Division Sun Yatsen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdong 510120China School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072China Department of Biomedical Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation Institute of NanophotonicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China

Raman spectroscopy has tremendous potential for material analysis with its molecular fingerprinting capability in many branches of science and *** is also an emerging omics technique for metabolic profiling to shape precision ***,precisely attributing vibration peaks coupled with specific environmental,instrumental,and specimen noise is *** Raman spectral preprocessing to remove statistical bias noise and sample-related errors should provide a powerful tool for valuable information ***,we propose a novel Raman spectral preprocessing scheme based on self-supervised learning(RSPSSL)with high capacity and spectral *** can preprocess arbitrary Raman spectra without further training at a speed of~1900 spectra per second without human *** experimental data preprocessing trial demonstrated its excellent capacity and signal fidelity with an 88%reduction in root mean square error and a 60%reduction in infinite norm(L__(∞))compared to established *** this advantage,it remarkably enhanced various biomedical applications with a 400%accuracy elevation(ΔAUC)in cancer diagnosis,an average 38%(few-shot)and 242%accuracy improvement in paraquat concentration prediction,and unsealed the chemical resolution of biomedical hyperspectral images,especially in the spectral fingerprint *** precisely preprocessed various Raman spectra from different spectroscopy devices,laboratories,and diverse *** scheme will enable biomedical mechanism screening with the label-free volumetric molecular imaging tool on organism and disease metabolomics profiling with a scenario of high throughput,cross-device,various analyte complexity,and diverse applications.

关键词： spectral scheme resolution

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Trends in colorectal cancer incidence according to an increase in the number of colonoscopy cases in Korea

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 51-60页

作者： Ga Hee Kim Yeong Chan Lee Tae Jun Kim Sung Noh hong Dong kyung Chang Young-ho Kim Dong-hoon Yang Chang Mo Moon kyunga Kim Hyun Gun Kim Eun-Ran Kim Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505South Korea Department of Digital Health Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and TechnologySungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineEwha Womans UniversitySeoul 07985South Korea Biomedical Statistics Center Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineSeoul 04401South Korea

BACKGROUND The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)and preinvasive CRC(e.g.,early colon cancer and advanced adenoma)is gradually increasing in several *** To evaluate the trend in incidence of CRC and preinvasive CRC according to the increase in the number of colonoscopies performed in *** This retrospective cohort study enrolled Korean patients from 2002 to 2020 to evaluate the incidence of CRC and preinvasive CRC,and assess the numbers of diagnostic colonoscopies and colonoscopic ***-related complications by age group were also *** The incidence of CRC showed a rapid increase,then decreased after 2012 in the 50-75 year-age *** the study period,the rate of incidence of preinvasive CRC increased at a similar level in patients under 50 and 50-75 years of *** 2009,the increase has been rapid,showing a pattern similar to the increase in *** rate of colonoscopic polypectomy in patients aged under 50 was similar to the rate in patients over 75 years of age after *** rate of complications after colonoscopy and related deaths within 3 mo was high for those over 75 years of *** The diagnosis of preinvasive CRC increased with the increase in the number of colonoscopies *** the risk of colonoscopy-related hospitalization and death is high in the elderly,if early lesions at risk of developing CRC are diagnosed and treated under or at the age of 75,colonoscopy-related complications can be reduced for those aged 76 years or over.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Preinvasive colorectal cancer Colorectal polypectomy Colonoscopy

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Apple polyphenol phloretin inhibits type II glucose transporter and enhances anti-HER2 antibody drug binding as an adjuvant treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Han-Sheng Chang Tzu-Chun Cheng Shih-Hsin Tu Pei-Han Liao yu-Ching Lee Chi-Tang ho Min-Hsiung Pan Li-Ching Chen yuan-Soon ho Department of Biological Science & Technology College of Life Sciences China Medical University Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Life Sciences China Medical University Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine Taipei Medical University Department of Food Science Rutgers University New Jersey USA Institute of Food Sciences and Technology Taiwan University

This study presents novel findings on the potential of phloretin， an apple polyphenol， to enhance the effectiveness of anti-HER2 antibody therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Our research reveals that phloretin inhibits type II glucose transporter (GLUT2) activity， significantly reducing cancer cell glucose uptake. We confirmed the overexpression of GLUT1 and GLUT2 mRNA in paired human breast tumor tissues， with GLUT2 overexpression associated explicitly with poorer survival rates in breast cancer patients. Treatment with phloretin was observed to increase the interaction between GLUT2 and HER2 proteins， attenuate glycolysis， and enhance the binding affinity of anti-HER2 antibody drugs to target human breast cancer cells. Furthermore， the efficacy of the combination therapy involving phloretin and antibody drugs was reaffirmed in a cell-derived xenograft (CDX) tumor animal model， particularly in suppressing the growth of Trastuzumab-resistant HER2+ breast cancer. These significant findings suggest that targeting GLUT2 activity with phloretin in combination with anti-HER2 antibody drugs may help mitigate the development of drug-resistant breast cancer， offering valuable insights for enhancing tumor treatment strategies and contributing to developing more effective therapies.

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Spontaneous mutations and mutational responses to penicillin treatment in the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae D39

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 198-211页

作者： Wanyue Jiang Tongtong Lin Jiao Pan Caitlyn ERivera Clayton Tincher Yaohai Wang yu Zhang Xiang Gao Yan Wang ho‑Ching T.Tsui Malcolm E.Winkler Michael Lynch hongan Long Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity KLMMEOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA School of Mathematics Science Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266000China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Microbial Technology InstituteSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85281USA

Bacteria with functional DNA repair systems are expected to have low mutation rates due to strong natural selection for genomic ***,our study of the wild-type Streptococcus pneumoniae D39,a pathogen responsible for many common diseases,revealed a high spontaneous mutation rate of 0.02 per genome per cell division in mutation-accumulation(MA)*** rate is orders of magnitude higher than that of other non-mutator bacteria and is characterized by a high mutation bias in the A/T *** high mutation rate may have resulted from a reduction in the overall efficiency of selection,conferred by the tiny effective population size in *** line with this,*** D39 also exhibited the lowest DNA mismatch-repair(MMR)efficiency among *** with the antibiotic penicillin did not elevate the mutation rate,as penicillin did not induce DNA damage and *** lacks a stress response *** findings suggested that the MA results are applicable to within-host scenarios and provide insights into pathogen evolution.

关键词： Neutral evolution Mutation spectrum Antibiotics DNA mismatch repair Oxidative damage repair

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