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The Appearance of Ulva laetevirens(Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) in the Northeast Coast of the United States of America

Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第5期13卷 865-870页

作者： MAO Yunxiang Jang kyun kim Roderick Wilson Charles Yarish Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut at Stamford Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MOE) College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of China Department of Marine Sciences University of Connecticut at Stamford

Introduced species may outcompete or hybridize with native species, resulting in the loss of native biodiversity or even alteration of ecosystem processes. In this study, we reported an alien distromatic Ulva species, which was found in an embayment(Holly Pond) connected with Long Island Sound, USA. The morphological and anatomical observations in combination with molecular data were used for its identification to species. Anatomy of collected specimens showed that the cell shape in rhizoidal and basal regions was round and the marginal teeth along the basal and median region were not found. These characteristics were primarily identical to the diagnostic characteristics of Ulva laetevirens Areschoug(Chlorophyta). The plastid-encoding tufA and nucleus-encoding ITS1 were used for its molecular identification. Phylogenetic analysis for the tufA gene placed the specimens from Holly Pond in a well-supported clade along with published sequences of U. laetevirens identified early without any sequence divergence. In ITS tree, the sample also formed well-supported clades with the sequences of U. laetevirens with an estimated sequence divergence among the taxa in these clades as low as 1%. These findings confirmed the morpho-anatomical conclusion. Native to Australia, this species was reported in several countries along the Mediterranean coast after the late of 1990 s. This is the first time that U. laetevirens is found in the northeast coast of United States and the second record for Atlantic North America.

关键词：石莼海岸东北绿藻序列差异外观生态系统过程系统发育分析

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Highly Concentrated,Conductive,Defect-free Graphene Ink for Screen-Printed Sensor Application

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第6期13卷 17-30页

作者： Dong Seok kim Jae-Min Jeong Hong Jun Park Yeong kyun kim Kyoung G.Lee Bong Gill Choi Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National UniversitySamcheokGangwon-do 25913Republic of Korea Resources Utilization Research Center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Center for Nano Bio Development National Nanofab CenterDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Conductive inks based on graphene materials have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of printed and flexible ***,the application of graphene fillers is limited by their restricted mass production and the low concentration of their *** this study,a highly concentrated and conductive ink based on defect-free graphene was developed by a scalable fluid dynamics process.A high shear exfoliation and mixing process enabled the production of graphene at a high concentration of 47.5 mg mL^(−1)for graphene *** screen-printed graphene conductor exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 1.49×10^(4)S m^(−1)and maintains high conductivity under mechanical bending,compressing,and fatigue *** on the as-prepared graphene ink,a printed electrochemical sodium ion(Na^(+))sensor that shows high potentiometric sensing performance was ***,by integrating a wireless electronic module,a prototype Na^(+)-sensing watch is demonstrated for the real-time monitoring of the sodium ion concentration in human sweat during the indoor exercise of a *** scalable and efficient procedure for the preparation of graphene ink presented in this work is very promising for the low-cost,reproducible,and large-scale printing of flexible and wearable electronic devices.

关键词： Graphene ink Fluid dynamics Screen printing Ion sensor Real-time monitoring

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On extensions of matrix rings with skew Hochschild 2-cocycles

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2016年第4期11卷 869-900页

作者： Chan Yong HONG Nam kyun kim Tai Keun KWAK Yang LEE Department of Mathematics and Research Institute for Basic Sciences Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea School of Basic Sciences Hanbat National University Daejeon 34158 Korea Department of Mathematics Daejin University Pocheon 11159 Korea Department of Mathematics Pusan National University Pusan 46241 Korea

We study structures of endomorphisms and introduce a skew Hochschild 2-cocycles related to Hochschild 2-cocycle. We moreover define skew Hochschild extensions equipped with skew Hochschild 2-cocycles, and then we examine uniquely clean, Abelian, directly finite, symmetric, and reversible ring properties of skew Hochschild extensions and related ring systems. The results obtained here provide various kinds of examples of such rings. Especially, we give an answer negatively to the question of H. Lin and C. Xi for the corresponding Hochschild extensions of reversible （or semicommutative） rings. Finally, we establish three kinds of Hochschild extensions with Hochschild 2-cocycles and skew Hochschild 2-cocycles.

关键词： Skew Hochschild extensions matrix rings skew triangular matrix rings (uniquely) clean rings symmetric rings

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Properties of Ultra-Thin Hafnium Oxide and Interfacial Layer Deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition

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Journal of Rare Earths 2004年第Z2期22卷 21-25页

作者： Taeho Lee Young-Bae kim kyung-Il Hong Duck-kyun Choi Jinho Ahn Department of Material Science&Engineering Hanyang University17 Haengdang-dongSeongdong-guSeoul 133-791Korea Department of Ceramic Engineering Hanyang University17 Haengdang-dongSeongdong-guSeoul 133-791Korea

Ultra-thin hafnium-oxide gate dielectric films deposited by atomic layer deposition technique using HfCl4 and H2O precursor on a hydrogen-terminated Si substrate were investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that the interface layer is Hf-silicate rather than phase separated Hf-silicide and silicon oxide structure. The Hf-silicate interfacial layer partially changes into SiOx after high temperature annealing, resulting in a complex HfO2-silicate-SiOx dielectric structure. Electrical measurements confirms that HfO2 on Si is stable up to 700 ℃ for 30 s under N2 ambient.

关键词： atomic layer deposition high-k dielectric HfO2 interface thermal stability

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Comparative clinical study of conjunctival toxicities of newer generation fluoroquinolones without the influence of preservatives

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第6期8卷 1220-1223页

作者： Han Sang Park Jun Hun Lee Hong kyun kim Nune Eye Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Kyungpook National University School of Medicine

AIMTo compare the conjunctival epithelial toxicities of three newer-generation fluoroquinolones without *** a prospective, randomized, double blind comparative study, 47 eyes of 47 patients with a primary pterygium were enrolled, and divided randomly into three groups (levofloxacin 0.5%, gatifloxacin 0.3%, and moxifloxacin 0.5%). After pterygium surgery with the same conjunctival autograft technique, each patient maintained a regimen with a randomly assigned fluoroquinolone eye drop. Patients were examined every other day after surgery until the epithelium had completely healed. Photos were taken and used to measure the area of residual epithelial defects. Conjunctival healing time and speed (initial defect area/healing time (mm2/d) compared in each group using Kruskal-Wallis *** were no significant differences in mean age, gender, and conjunctival defect size of the donor site between these groups. However, the mean of conjunctival healing time and speed were statistically different in each group. The mean of conjunctival epithelial healing time was 8.93±2.69d (levofloxacin group), 10.31±2.96d (gatifloxacin group), and 13.50±4.10d (moxifloxacin group), P=0.006. The mean conjuctival epithelial healing speed was 6.18±1.39 mm2/d (levofloxacin group), 5.52±1.68 mm2/d (gatifloxacin group), and 4.40±1.30 mm2/d (moxifloxacin group), P=0. *** the influence of preservatives, levofloxacin and gatifloxacin might be less toxic to the regeneration of conjunctival epithelial cells and cause a faster conjunctival wound healing relative to moxifloxacin.

关键词： conjunctival epithelial toxicity fluoroquinolone preservatives pterygium

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Comprehensive analysis of coding and non-coding RNA transcriptomes related to hypoxic adaptation in Tibetan chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1309-1322页

作者： Ying Zhang Woyu Su Bo Zhang Yao Ling Woo kyun kim Hao Zhang National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Plateau Animal Genetic Resources CenterChina Agricultural UniversityNo.2 Yuanmingyuan West RdHaidian DistrictBeijing 100193China Department of Poultry Science University of Georgia303 Poultry Science BuildingAthensGA 30602USA

Background:Tibetan chickens,a unique native breed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China,possess a suite of adaptive features that enable them to tolerate the high-altitude hypoxic *** evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)and microRNAs(miRNAs)play roles in the hypoxic adaptation of high-altitude animals,although their exact involvement remains ***:This study aimed to elucidate the global landscape of mRNAs,lncRNAs,and miRNAs using transcriptome sequencing to construct a regulatory network of competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs)and thus provide insights into the hypoxic adaptation of Tibetan chicken *** total,354 differentially expressed genes(DE genes),389 differentially expressed lncRNAs(DE lncRNAs),and 73 differentially expressed miRNAs(DE miRNAs)were identified between Tibetan chickens(TC)and control Chahua chickens(CH).GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that several important DE miRNAs and their target DE lncRNAs and DE genes are involved in angiogenesis(including blood vessel development and blood circulation)and energy metabolism(including glucose,carbohydrate,and lipid metabolism).The ceRNA network was then constructed with the predicted DE gene-DE miRNA-DE lncRNA interactions,which further revealed the regulatory roles of these differentially expressed RNAs during hypoxic adaptation of Tibetan ***:Analysis of transcriptomic data revealed several key candidate ceRNAs that may play high-priority roles in the hypoxic adaptation of Tibetan chickens by regulating angiogenesis and energy *** results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of hypoxic adaptation regulatory networks from the perspective of coding and non-coding RNAs.

关键词： ceRNA Hypoxic adaptation Non-coding RNA Tibetan chicken Transcriptome

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A Mathematical Model for the Deficiency-Excess Mechanism of Yin-Yang in Five Viscera

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第2期20卷 155-160页

作者： Jinhyun kim Miyoung Song Jungim Kang Sang-kyun kim Changseok kim Hyunchul Jang Sang-Hee Lee Informatics Development & Management Group Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Division of Fusion and Convergence of MathematicalSciences National Institute for Mathematical Sciences

To raise traditional medicine to a higher level of scientific research, a mathematical model has been proposed using symbolic notations and operators to describe several disease symptoms generally recognized in traditional medicine. Even though this model to a certain degree offers a mathematical approach to identify the relationships between yin-yang and the five viscera, it is not an efficient means of explaining the pathology in traditional medicine due to its use of superfluous notations and definitions. In this paper, we introduce two concise operators, a self-development operator and an action operator： the former describes the effect of a viscus in the unbalanced state on other viscera： the latter explains the engendering and restraining relationships between the two viscera. These tools are useful to elucidate the interactions among the states of the five viscera based on yin-yang and the five elements theory. Our mathematical model with these two operators facilitates description for the scheme of deficiency-excess of yin-yang in the five viscera. Accordingly, we have mathematically refined the existing results and shown clinical applications as well.

关键词： deficiency-excess mechanism yin-yang theory engendering and the restraining operators

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Clonal evolution of hepatitis B virus polymerase gene mutations during lamivudine-adefovir combination treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第44期18卷 6437-6446页

作者： Soon Young Ko Byung Kook kim So Young Kwon kyun-Hwan kim Jeong Han kim Won Hyeok Choe Chang Hong Lee Department of Internal Medicine Konkuk University School of MedicineSeoul 143-729South Korea Department of Pharmacology Konkuk University School of MedicineSeoul 143-729South Korea

AIM:To identify hepatitis B virus polymerase gene mutations during antiviral therapy using lamivudineadefovir sequential monotherapy followed by lamivudine-adefovir combination ***:The patient cohort included four adult chronic hepatitis B patients who had undergone sequential monotherapy,first with lamivudine(LMV) and then,after developing viral breakthrough,with adefovir(ADV) *** of the patients had non-response or viral breakthrough after LMV-ADV sequential monotherapy,which resulted in the switching of their antiviral regimen to LMV-ADV combination *** serum samples from the four patients who showed non-response to rescue LMV-ADV combination therapy were collected sequentially at a time before the antiviral treatment and then during the LMV monotherapy,ADV monotherapy,and LMV-ADV combination *** the genotypic analysis,the whole 1310-bp polymerase gene region was amplified,cloned and ***:All patients had been previously treated with 100 mg of LMV once daily for a 15-to 26-mo *** emergence of resistance mutations to LMV,such as rtM204V/I and/or rtL180M,were found in all *** antiviral regimens were switched to ADV monotherapy as the second line *** patients had viral breakthrough or non-response after the LMV-ADV sequential ***-resistant mutations were detected after 13 to 19 mo of LMV-ADV sequential *** rtA181V/T mutations were predominantly identified during the ADV treatment in the LMV-resistant ***-seven of 38 clones were combined with an amino acid change at rt181;three clones had mutations in rt236 and one clone had a combined *** rtA181V/T mutations were not suppressed by the LMV-ADV combination ***-nine of 64 clones showed an rtA181V/T mutation and six clones showed combined mutations in rt181 and *** in rt204 re-emerged during the combination *** rt181 and rt204 mutations did not co-exist in one clon

关键词：联合治疗阿德福韦酯聚合酶基因基因突变拉米夫定肝炎病毒克隆 B型

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Selecting and applying quantification models for ecosystem services to forest ecosystems in South Korea

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1373-1384页

作者： Hyun-Ah Choi Woo-kyun Lee Cholho Song Nicklas Forsell Seongwoo Jeon Joon Soon kim So Ra kim Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea Ecosystems Services and Management Program International Institute for Applied Systems AnalysisSchlossplatz 1 2361 Laxenburg Austria Department of Forest Management Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea Korea Forest Conservation Association 186 Dongjak-daeroSeocho-gu Seoul 06559 Republic of Korea

There is growing interest in using ecosystem services to aid development of management strategies that target sustainability and enhance ecosystem support to humans. Challenges remain in the search for methods and indicators that can quantify ecosystem services using metrics that are meaningful in light of their high priorities. We developed a framework to link ecosystems to human wellbeing based on a stepwise approach. We evaluated prospective models in terms of their capacity to quantify national ecosystem services of forests. The most applicable models were subsequently used to quantify ecosystem services. The Korea Forest Research Institute model sat- isfied all criteria in its first practical use. A total of 12 key ecosystem services were identified. For our case study, we quantified four ecosystem functions, viz. water storage capacity in forest soil for water storage service, reduced suspended sediment for water purification service, reduced soil erosion for landslide prevention service, and reduced sediment yield for sediment regulation service. Water storage capacity in forest soil was estimated at 2142 t/ha, and reduced suspended sediment was estimated at 608 kg/ ha. Reduced soil erosion was estimated at 77 m^3/ha, and reduced sediment yield was estimated at 285 m^3/ha. These results were similar to those reported by previous studies. Mapped results revealed hotspots of ecosystem services around protected areas that were particularly rich in bio- diversity. In addition, the proposed framework illustrated that quantification of ecosystem services could be sup- ported by the spatial flow of ecosystem services. However, our approach did not address challenges faced when quantifying connections between ecosystem indicators and actual benefits of services described.

关键词： Classification Ecosystem services Quantification Stepwise approach

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New botanical drug, HL tablet, reduces hepatic fat as measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A placebo-controlled, randomized, phase Ⅱ trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第32期23卷 5977-5985页

作者： Jae Yoon Jeong Joo Hyun Sohn Yang Hyun Baek Yong kyun Cho Yongsoo kim Hyeonjin kim Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University Guri HospitalHanyang University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Dong-A University HospitalDong-A University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Kangbuk Samsung HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Radiology Hanyang University Guri HospitalHanyang University College of Medicine Department of Radiology Seoul National University Hospital

AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of HL tablet extracted from magnolia officinalis for treating patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Seventy-four patients with NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasonography were randomly assigned to 3 groups given high dose(400 mg) HL tablet, low dose(133.4 mg) HL tablet and placebo, respectively, daily for 12 wk. The primary endpoint was post-treatment change of hepatic fat content(HFC) measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Secondary endpoints included changes of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase(ALT), cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance, and body mass index(BMI).RESULTS The mean HFC of the high dose HL group, but not of the low dose group, declined significantly after 12 wk of treatment(high dose vs placebo, P = 0.033; low dose vs placebo, P = 0.386). The mean changes of HFC from baseline at week 12 were-1.7% ± 3.1% in the high dose group(P = 0.018),-1.21% ± 4.97% in the low dose group(P = 0.254) and 0.61% ± 3.87% in the placebo group(relative changes compared to baseline, high dose were:-12.1% ± 23.5%, low dose:-3.2% ± 32.0%, and placebo: 7.6% ± 44.0%). Serum ALT levels also tended to decrease in the groups receiving HL tablet while other factors were unaffected. There were no moderate or severe treatment-related safety issues during the *** HL tablet is effective in reducing HFC without any negative lipid profiles, BMI changes and adverse effects.

关键词： Botanical drug Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Randomized controlled trial Magnolia officinali

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