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Design and operando/in situ characterization of precious-metal-free electrocatalysts for alkaline water splitting

Carbon Energy 2020年第4期2卷 582-613页

作者： Tingwen Zhao Yuan Wang Siva Karuturi kylie catchpole Qiang Zhang Chuan Zhao School of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceThe University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Research School of Electrical Energy and Materials EngineeringThe Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Electrochemical water splitting has attracted considerable attention for the production of hydrogen fuel by using renewable energy ***,the sluggish reaction kinetics make it essential to explore precious-metal-free electrocatalysts with superior activity and long-term *** efforts have been made in exploring electrocatalysts to reduce the energy barriers and improve catalytic *** review summarizes different categories of precious-metal-free electrocatalysts developed in the past 5 years for alkaline water *** design strategies for optimizing the electronic and geometric structures of electrocatalysts with enhanced catalytic performance are discussed,including composition modulation,defect engineering,and structural ***,the advancement of operando/in situ characterization techniques toward the understanding of structural evolution,reaction intermediates,and active sites during the water splitting process are ***,current challenges and future perspectives toward achieving efficient catalyst systems for industrial applications are *** review will provide insights and strategies to the design of precious-metalfree electrocatalysts and inspire future research in alkaline water splitting.

关键词： alkaline water splitting catalysts design electrocatalysts operando/in situ characterization precious-metal-free catalysts

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Highly stable carbon-based perovskite solar cell with a record efficiency of over 18% via hole transport engineering

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第6期35卷 987-993页

作者： Qian-Qian Chu Bin Ding Jun Peng Heping Shen Xiaolei Li Yan Liu Cheng-Xin Li Chang-Jiu Li Guan-Jun Yang Thomas P. White kylie R. catchpole State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 West Xianning RoadXi'an 710049 China Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells show great potential owing to their low-cost production and superior stability in air, compared to their counterparts using metal contacts. The photovoltaic performance of carbon-based PSCs, however, has been progressing slowly in spite of an impressive efficiency when they were first reported. One of the major obstacles is that the hole transport materials developed for stateof-the-art Au-based PSCs are not suitable for carbon-based PSCs. Here, we develop a low-temperature,solution-processed Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)(P3 HT)/graphene composite hole transport layer(HTL), that is compatible with paintable carbon-electrodes to produce state-of-the-art perovskite devices. Space-charge-limited-current measurements reveal that the as-prepared P3 HT/graphene composite exhibits outstanding charge mobility and thermal tolerance, with hole mobility increasing from8.3 × 10^-3 cm^2 V-1 s-1(as-deposited) to 1.2 × 10^-2 cm2 V^-1 s^-1(after annealing at 100°C)-two orders of magnitude larger than pure P3 HT. The improved charge transport and extraction provided by the composite HTL provides a significant efficiency improvement compared to cells with a pure P3 HT HTL. As a result, we report carbon-based solar cells with a record efficiency of 17.8%(certified by Newport);and the first perovskite cells to be certified under the stabilized testing protocol. The outstanding device stability is demonstrated by only 3% drop after storage in ambient conditions(humidity: ca. 50%) for 1680 h(nonencapsulated), and retention of ca. 89% of their original output under continuous 1-Sun illumination at room-temperature for 600 h(encapsulated) in a nitrogen environment.

关键词： Planar carbon-based perovskite solar cells Hole transport engineering Recorded efficiency Excellent moisture and light stability

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