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Correlation between breast cancer and lifestyle within the Gulf Cooperation Council countries:A systematic review

World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第4期11卷 217-242页

作者： Lara Theresa Annette Tanner kwok leung cheung School of Medicine University of NottinghamDerby DE223DTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND In the six Gulf Cooperation Council countries(GCCCs),Bahrain,Saudi Arabia,Kuwait,Oman,Qatar and the United Arab Emirates,breast cancer(BC)is the greatest cause of cancer incidence and *** and physical inactivity are established risk factors for BC globally and appear to be more of a problem in high income countries like the *** To determine whether obesity and physical inactivity are associated with BC incidence in the GCCCs using the United Kingdom as a *** This systematic review was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines.A cancer registry and a statistical data search was done to identify the BC incidence over the past two decades and the prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in the ***,a systematic search of the databases,MEDLINE,Web of Science,and PubMed between 1999 and 2019 was performed to determine whether obesity and physical inactivity are risk factors for BC in the *** papers were critically appraised according to their research methods and were assessed for quality and risk of *** BC was the top malignancy in each GCC *** tended to be diagnosed with BC at a younger age than women in the United *** greatest 10-year increase in BC incidence was seen in Saudi Arabia(54.2%),,approximately seven times the rate of increase seen in the United Kingdom(7.6%).The prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity was greater in all the GCCCs in comparison to the United Kingdom.A total of 155 full studies were reviewed of which 17 were *** those,eight looked at the prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in the Gulf States and nine looked at these as risk factors for *** one study found an association between BC and obesity(odds ratio=2.29).No studies looked solely at the link between physical inactivity and *** The prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity was high within the GCCCs,but the majority of the included studies found no po

关键词： Breast cancer Obesity Physical inactivity Females Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

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The decision-making process for senior cancer patients: treatment allocation of older women with operable breast cancer in the UK

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2015年第4期12卷 308-315页

作者： Jenna L.Morgan Paul Richards Osama Zaman Sue Ward Karen Collins Thompson Robinson kwok-leung cheung Riccardo A.Audisio Malcolm W.Reed Lynda Wyld on behalf of the Bridging the Age Gap in Breast Cancer Trial Management Team Academic Unit of Surgical Oncology University of Sheffield Medical School Health Economics and Decision Science School for Health and Related Research University of Sheffield Center for Health and Social Care Research Sheffield Hallam University Collegiate Crescent Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester School of Medicine University of Nottingham Royal Derby Hospital Center Department of Surgery University of Liverpool St Helens Teaching Hospital Brighton and Sussex Medical School University of Sussex

Objective: Up to 40% of women over 70 years with primary operable breast cancer in the UK are treated with primary endocrine therapy(PET) as an alternative to surgery. A variety of factors are important in determining treatment for older breast cancer patients. This study aimed to identify the patient and tumor factors associated with treatment allocation in this ***: Prospectively collected data on treatment received(surgery vs. PET) were analysed with multivariable logistic regression using the variables age, modified Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI), activities of daily living(ADL) score, Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) score, HER2 status, tumour size, grade and nodal status. Results: Data were available for 1,122 cancers in 1,098 patients recruited between February 2013 and June 2015 from 51 UK hospitals. About 78% of the population were treated surgically, with the remainder being treated with PET. Increasing patient age at diagnosis, increasing CCI score, large tumor size(5 cm or more) and dependence in one or more ADL categories were all strongly associated with non-surgical treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion: Increasing comorbidity, large tumor size and reduced functional ability are associated with reduced likelihood of surgical treatment of breast cancer in older patients. However, age itself remains a significant factor for non-surgical treatment; reinforcing the need for evidence-based guidelines.

关键词： Frail elderly breast neoplasms decision-making

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The interplay of host genetic factors and Epstein-Barr virus in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 556-568页

作者： Maria Li Lung Arthur kwok leung cheung Josephine Mun Yee Ko Hong Lok Lung Yue Cheng Wei Dai Department of Clinical Oncology and Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research University of Hong Kong

The interplay between host cell genetics and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection contributes to the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). Understanding the host genetic and epigenetic alterations and the influence of EBV on cell signaling and host gene regulation will aid in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of NPC and provide useful biomarkers and targets for diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we provide an update of the oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes associated with NPC, as well as genes associated with NPC risk including those involved in carcinogen detoxification and DNA repair. We also describe the importance of host genetics that govern the human leukocyte antigen(HLA) complex and immune responses, and we describe the impact of EBV infection on host cell signaling changes and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. High-power genomic sequencing approaches are needed to elucidate the genetic basis for inherited susceptibility to NPC and to identify the genes and pathways driving its molecular pathogenesis.

关键词： EB病毒遗传因素鼻咽癌宿主人类白细胞抗原细胞遗传学基因调控细胞信号

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A Registry-Based Observational Study on the Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in Hong Kong,China

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第3期6卷 156-163页

作者： Hillary HY leung Teresa WL Ma Florrie NY Yu Meliza CW Kong Tsz Kin Lo Pauline PL So Wing-Cheong leung Wendy Shu Ka Wang cheung Sakita Moungmaithong Chi Chiu Wang Liona C.Poon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of HongKongHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology United Christian HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Princess Margaret HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Tuen Mun HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Kwong Wah HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Mary HospitalHong Kong 999077China

Objective:To report the clinical maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),along with any associated pregnancy complications,in Hong Kong,China,and to assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on these ***:This prospective registry-based observational study included pregnant women who were recruited through convenient sampling and had a laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection with a cycle threshold(Ct)value result available on admission to eight local hospitals in Hong Kong,*** on clinical symptoms,laboratory results,medical treatments,delivery timing and mode,and pregnancy complications were extracted from the Hospital Authority’s electronic medical record ***,fetal,and pregnancy outcomes were compared between unvaccinated pregnant women with COVID-19 and those who had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine before *** continuous variables and categorical variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Pearson’s chi-squared test respectively.A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically ***:A total of 164 pregnant women were included,of whom 78(47.56%)were ***-19 was diagnosed before 28 weeks’gestation in 30(18.29%),while 134(81.71%)were diagnosed at or after 28 weeks’***-two(37.80%)women received at least one dose of COVID-19 *** were no significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups in the time interval between COVID-19 diagnosis and delivery,the Ct value,and the gestational age at infection onset or delivery(P>0.05).The majority of women were symptomatic at diagnosis regardless of vaccination status 55(88.71%)in vaccinated group vs.78(76.47%)in unvaccinated group(P=0.052).Symptoms did not significantly differ between groups except for cough(62.90%vs.47.06%,P=0.049).The overall rate of severe COVID-19 in pregnant women was *** t

关键词： COVID-19 Maternal outcomes Fetal outcomes Pregnancy complications Severe COVID-19

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Magnetic activity of the spotted dwarf AP149 in the α Persei open cluster

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第3期10卷 253-265页

作者： Xiang-Song Fang Sheng-Hong Gu Sze-leung cheung Ho-Keung Hui Chi-Tai kwok Kam-cheung leung National Astronomical Observatories / Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre Sik Sik Yuen Hong Kong China Hong Kong Astronomical Society Hong Kong China

The simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations of the spotted G dwarf AP149 in the young open cluster α Persei are analyzed here. We reconstruct the observed light curves with a two-starspot model by means of a light curve modeling technique, and find that the active regions shift oppositely along longitude on a time scale of one day. Combining with the observational data obtained by other groups, we discuss the evolution of spotted regions in the photosphere, and find that its starspots evolve not only on a short time scale but also on a long time scale. The pure chromospheric emissions for Ca IIHK and Hβ lines are derived by using the spectral subtraction technique. The variation of Ca IIHK lines＇ excess emission is spatially correlated to the starspot regions. There is no clear rotational modulation for the Hβ line＇s excess emission, probably due to the contamination of prominence emission.

关键词： stars: activity -- stars: late-type -- stars: spots -- stars: individual AP149

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Monitoring interannual dynamics of desertification in Minqin County,China,using dense Landsat time series

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第8期13卷 886-898页

作者： Xiaolin Zhu kwok Huen leung Wing Sze Li Lek Kin cheung The Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute ShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China

Minqin County in northwestern China is highly affected by *** have been initiated in recent decades to combat desertification in *** assess the effectiveness of these campaigns,this study used a dense Landsat time series from 1987 to 2017 to investigate the interannual dynamics of vegetation coverage and greenness over the past 31 ***,this study applied an advanced technology to reconstruct a high-quality Landsat annual time ***,one image in the vegetation-peak season was selected as the base image in each year,and then problematic pixels were interpolated by the neighborhood similar pixel interpolator using ancillary images in the same ***,the land cover map and the enhanced vegetation index(EVI)were derived from all reconstructed ***,the change of vegetation coverage and EVI values over the 31 years were *** results show that the total vegetation coverage and greenness increased during the 31 *** this change trend to other factors suggests that vegetation in Minqin County is highly affected by agriculture and groundwater supply rather than by *** mitigate desertification in a sustainable way,agriculture should be well managed to avoid overconsumption of natural resources such as underground water.

关键词： Minqin County desertification agriculture Landsat time series vegetation cover

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Genomics-driven derivatization of the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoid variecolin:Creation of an unnatural analogue with improved anticancer properties

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 421-432页

作者： Dexiu Yan Jemma Arakelyan Teng Wan Ritvik Raina Tsz Ki Chan Dohyun Ahn Vladimir Kushnarev Tsz Kiu cheung Ho Ching Chan Inseo Choi Pui Yi Ho Feijun Hu Yujeong Kim Hill Lam Lau Ying Lo Law Chi Seng leung Chun Yin Tong Kai Kap Wong Wing Lam Yim Nikolay S.Karnaukhov Richard Y.C.Kong Maria V.Babak Yudai Matsuda Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina iGEM Team“VarieCure” City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Moscow Clinical Research Center Named After A.S.Loginov Moscow 111123Russian Federation

A biosynthetic gene cluster for the bioactive fungal sesterterpenoids variecolin(1)and variecolactone(2)was identified in Aspergillus aculeatus ATCC *** production of 1 and 2 was achieved in Aspergillus oryzae by expressing the sesterterpene synthase VrcA and the cytochrome P450 ***,the replacement of VrcB with homologous P450s from other fungal terpenoid pathways yielded three new variecolin analogues(5-7).Analysis of the compounds’anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo revealed that although 5 and 1 had comparable activities,5 was associated with significantly reduced toxic side effects in cancer-bearing mice,indicating its potentially broader therapeutic *** study describes the first tests of variecolin and its analogues in animals and demonstrates the utility of synthetic biology for creating molecules with improved biological activities.

关键词： Animal studies Anticancer properties Biosynthesis Natural products Sesterterpenoids Synthetic biology Terpene synthases Variecolin

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A newly discovered active contact binary in the field of NGC 1348

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第1期12卷 93-103页

作者： Xiang-Song Fang Sheng-Hong Gu Ho-Keung Hui Chi-Tai kwok Bill Yeung Kam-cheung leung National Astronomical Observatories / Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011 China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Hokoon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre Sik Sik-Yuen Hong Kong China Hong Kong Astronomical Society Hong Kong China

We present a CCD photometry study of a newly discovered active eclipsing binary in the field of open cluster NGC 1348 based on the first time-series photometric observation. From the minimum times, we determined an orbital period of P = 0.691363 d. Among our datasets, the BV（.RI）c light curves obtained in November 2008 were analyzed using the Wilson-Devinney light curve modeling tech- nique. Because of the uncertainty of the membership of this binary in open cluster NGC 1348, we have analyzed the photometric data in two cases with different primary effective temperatures： Case A （T1 = 7750K） and Case B （T1 = 5250K）. Our anal- yses reveal that, for Case A, it is a deep （f 〉 70%）, very low mass ratio （q - 0.096） binary system, indicating that it is now in the late evolution stage of a contact binary; while for Case B, it is a red system with extraordinarily long orbital period with respect to the period-color relation for normal contact binaries, which suggests that this binary has evolved off the main sequence. The well known O＇Connell effect （e.g., AB 0.03 mag） was found in the dataset obtained in November 2008, which could be due to the existence of starspots on the components, therefore the corresponding spot properties （for Case A： hot spot; for Case B： dark spot） were determined using the Wilson-Devinney code. With the purpose of analyzing the dark spot activity for Case B, we compared the light curves derived in different observing runs, and found that a slight change appeared from November to December, 2008, which indicates the evolution of spot activity on at least one component over a time scale of about one month.

关键词： stars: binaries: close -- stars: binaries: eclipsing -- stars: spots

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胆道纤维化的发生发展与治疗

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中华消化外科杂志 2024年第7期23卷 989-1000页

作者：赵进玉林延延岳平姚佳米宁宁李麻图付文康高龙 Azumi Suzuki Peng F Wong Kiyohito Tanaka Rungsun Rerknimitr Henrik H Junger Tan T cheung Emmanuel Melloul Nicolas Demartines Joseph W leung 袁金秋 Hans J Schlitt 孟文勃兰州大学第一临床医学院兰州730030 兰州大学第一医院普通外科兰州730030 浜松医学中心消化科日本浜松432-8002 詹姆斯库克大学医院血管外科英国米德尔斯堡TS43BW 京都第二红十字医院消化科日本京都602-8031 朱拉隆功国王纪念医院胃肠内镜卓越中心泰国曼谷10330 雷根斯堡大学医学中心外科德国雷根斯堡93053 香港大学外科学系中国香港999077 洛桑大学医院内脏外科瑞士洛桑CH-1015 加州大学戴维斯分校医学中心和萨克拉门托退伍军人医学中心胃肠肝病科美国萨克拉门托95817 中山大学附属第七医院临床研究中心深圳518107

胆道纤维化(BF)是病理性胆道损伤修复的结果,主要表现为胆管壁的增厚硬化和管腔的进行性狭窄,最终可能导致胆道梗阻、胆汁性肝硬化、肝衰竭、肝胆恶性肿瘤等严重不良结局。目前的研究将BF描述为某些胆管病的病理特征,对其病因、病理生... 详细信息

胆道纤维化(BF)是病理性胆道损伤修复的结果,主要表现为胆管壁的增厚硬化和管腔的进行性狭窄,最终可能导致胆道梗阻、胆汁性肝硬化、肝衰竭、肝胆恶性肿瘤等严重不良结局。目前的研究将BF描述为某些胆管病的病理特征,对其病因、病理生理、分子机制和治疗缺乏系统总结。BF是胆道系统普遍存在但容易被忽略的疾病状态,可能通过病理性胆道损伤后的异常修复机制促进肝胆疾病的发生和进展,笔者结合国内外最新研究进展,综述BF的概念、临床表现、病因、发病机制和治疗策略,为临床医师提供参考。

关键词：胆道疾病纤维化胆管反应病因信号通路治疗

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Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on novel oral anticoagulants:Risk,prevention and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第11期23卷 1954-1963页

作者： Ka-Shing cheung Wai K leung Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina

Novel oral anticoagulants(NOACs), which include direct thrombin inhibitor(dabigatran) and direct factor Xa inhibitors(rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban), are gaining popularity in the prevention of embolic stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation as well as in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism. However, similar to traditional anticoagulants, NOACs have the side effects of bleeding, including gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB). Results from both randomized clinical trials and observations studies suggest that high-dose dabigatran(150 mg b.i.d), rivaroxaban and high-dose edoxaban(60 mg daily) are associated with a higher risk of GIB compared with warfarin. Other risk factors of NOAC-related GIB include concomitant use of ulcerogenic agents, older age, renal impairment, Helicobacter pylori infection and a past history of GIB. Prevention of NOAC-related GIB includes proper patient selection, using a lower dose of certain NOACs and in patients with renal impairment, correction of modifiable risk factors, and prescription of gastroprotective agents. Overt GIB can be managed by withholding NOACs followed by delayed endoscopic treatment. In severe bleeding, additional measures include administration of activated charcoal, use of specific reversal agents such as idarucizumab for dabigatran and andexanent alfa for factor Xa inhibitors, and urgent endoscopic management.

关键词： Warfarin Endoscopy Apixaban Edoxaban Gastrointestinal bleeding Dabigatran Rivaroxaban Novel anticoagulants

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