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Mechanical properties of coppiced and non-coppiced Pterocarpus erinaceus boles and their industrial application

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1973-1980页

作者： Charles Antwi-Boasiako Frederick Amin Anthonio kwasi Frimpong-Mensah Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

Rosewood(Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir.)is valued for flooring,ornaments,musical instruments and furniture-making due to its durability,strength,beauty and acoustic *** coppices easily which could boost its continual *** parallel to grain,Modulus of Elasticity(MOE)and Modulus of Rupture(MOR)within coppiced and non-coppiced boles were *** properties decreased along both types of *** values for the heartwood were also greater than those for the sapwood of each type of ***,MOR and compression for non-coppiced stems were greater than those from the coppiced *** differences were significant(p<0.05).Mechanical properties from the coppiced and non-coppiced boles are *** have strength properties comparable with those of species widely used for railway sleepers,structural supports,flooring,veneer,furniture,cabinetry,truss and mine ***,coppiced wood could supplement non-coppiced wood for industrial applications which require strength.

关键词： Coppicing Wood density Mechanical property Rosewood Structural application

Effects of selective logging on tree diversity and some soil characteristics in a tropical forest in southwest Ghana

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 171-176页

作者： Alex Asase Bismark K.Asiatokor kwasi Ofori-Frimpong Department of Botany University of Ghana Environmental Science Programme University of Ghana Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG)

We investigated the effects of selective logging disturbances on tree diversity and soil characteristics in the Bia Conservation Area in southwest Ghana. The study was conducted in unlogged, 29-35 years post-logged and swamp forests using ten 25 m× 25 m plots. In total, we identified 310 individual trees belonging to 87 species. Mean Shannon-Weiner index was highest in the post-logged forest but there were no significant differences in tree density, dominance, or DBH size class distributions between these forests. Soil physical properties such as pH and bulk density up to 30 cm depth were similar in the two of forests In terms of soil nutrient status, available P, exchangeable K and total N contents were all similar in the unlogged and post-logged forests. Our findings suggest that the effects of logging on tree diversity are compara-tively long-term, in contrast to its short-term effects on some top soil physical and chemical characteristics.

关键词： tropical forest deforestation plant diversity soil propertiesGhana

Occupational Health and Safety Hazards Experienced by Healthcare Workers at Two Hospitals in Suyani, Bono Region, Ghana

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2023年第2期11卷 122-136页

作者： Samuel Yaw Opoku Carlos Yeboah Sabina Ampon-Wireko Richard kwasi Hinneh School of Public Health and Allied Sciences Catholic University of Ghana Sunyani Ghana School of Nursing and Midwifery Catholic University of Ghana Sunyani Ghana

INTRODUCTION Occupational safety and health (OSH) is generally the anticipation, recognition, evaluation, and control of hazards arising in or from the workplace. The study sought to assess and evaluate occupational health and safety hazards experienced among health workers in the Bono region of Ghana. METHODOLOGY The study was descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study. Data was from two hundred (200) health workers and was analyzed using the binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The findings from the study show that risk factors associated with biological hazards were clinical staff [OR = 2.487 (1.146 - 5.397), p = 0.021], poor maintenance of hospital items [OR = 0.446 (0.240 - 0.831), p = 0.011], assault (verbal) abuse [OR = 2.581 (1.317 - 5.059), p = 0.006] and extreme pressure from work [OR = 2.975 (1.519 - 5.829), p = 0.001]. Non-biological hazards were associated with being single [OR = 0.499 (0.263 - 0.947), p = 0.034], being verbally assaulted [OR = 3.581 (1.865 - 6.876), p CONCLUSION Risk factors related with biological hazards include poor maintenance of hospital items and extreme pressure from work whereas non-biological hazards were associated with being single, being verbally assaulted. Clinical healthcare providers are more vulnerable to occupational health and safety hazards. The study recommends the provision of strategic policies to promote and protect the workers’ health based on the development of the epidemiological profile of health, needs to be readjusted and strengthened.

关键词： Occupational Health and Safety Healthcare Hazards Biological Hazards Non-Biological Hazards Nurses Safety Hospital Hazards

Assessment of the determinants that influence the adoption of sustainable soil and water conservation practices in Techiman Municipality of Ghana

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第3期7卷 248-257页

作者： kwasi Adjepong Darkwah Joana Deladem Kwawu Frank Agyire-Tettey Daniel Bruce Sarpong Department of Statistics University of GhanaGhana Department of Economics University of GhanaGhana Department of Economics and Agribusiness University of GhanaGhana

This paper assesses the relationship between farmer characteristics and the degree to which nine soil and water conservation practices (SWCPs) are adopted by 300 maize farmers in Techiman Municipality,*** were surveyed for their adoption of nine SWCPs,and 24 other characteristics including demographics,socio-economic factors,risk factors and costs of *** soil and water conservation practices (SWCPs) in sub-Saharan Africa such as Ghana are important because they have positive effects on yield,increase sustainability of farming,stop degradation and reduce soil *** adoption of sustainable soil and water conservation practices in the agricultural industry of Ghana has been *** study aims to explain differences in farmer adoption of SWCPs,by assessing factors that vary with the number of different SWCPs used by ***,the Poisson model was *** results show that farmer's household size,farm size,access to credit services and formal training of maize farmer have a positive significant association with the number of soil and water conservation practices adopted by maize farmers while distance to nearest output market,distance to input center,access to extension services,and risk of pest and diseases have a negative significant association with the number of soil and water conservation practices adopted by maize farmers at 5% significance *** study concludes that any further research in Techiman Municipality on soil and water conservation practices should acknowledge the mixture of personal and demographic,institutional,socio-economic and risk *** suggests that agricultural polities formulated by the government should be aimed at supporting maize farmers to have access to extension service contact for frequent disseminating of agricultural technology information which is likely to increase the rate of adoption of soil and water conservation practices.

关键词： Sustainable soil and water conservation practices Adoption Correlation Poisson regression

Adoption and Impact of Modern Rice Varieties on Poverty in Eastern India

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Rice science 2020年第1期27卷 56-66页

作者： Richard kwasi BANNOR Gupta Amarnath Krishna KUMAR Helena OPPONG-KYEREMEH Camillus Abawiera WONGNAA Department of Agricultural Economics Agribusiness and ExtensionUniversity of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyaniGhana Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Rice Research Institute Cuttack 753006OrissaIndia Department of Agricultural Economics Agribusiness and ExtensionKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana

The factors affecting the adoption of modern varieties(MVs) of rice and impact on poverty in Odisha, India were discussed. A total of 363 households from Cuttack and Sambalpur districts of Odisha via multistage sampling technique participated in the survey. The Cragg's Double hurdle model was used to model the determinants of adoption and intensity of adoption of MVs of rice, and the propensity score matching was used to analyze the impact of adoption on poverty. The results showed that age, education, risk aversion, land size, yield, perception of MVs as high yielding, resistant to diseases and availability of MVs positively influenced the decision to adopt. However, variables such as household size, experience of a farmer, off-farm job participation, amount of credit received, cost of seeds, insecticides and fertilizers negatively influenced the adoption of MVs. Intensity of adoption of MVs was negatively influenced by experience of a farmer, cost of fertilizer and marketability of MVs, and positively affected by household size, risk aversion, land size, cost of insecticides, perception of MVs as high yielding and availability of MV seeds. Poverty incidence, gap and severity were high among non-adopters to adopters of MVs. After matching adopters and non-adopters of MV groups using four different algorithms of nearest neighbour matching, stratification matching, radius matching and kernel matching, the impact of MV adoption resulted in higher per capita monthly household expenditure by about US$ 52.82 to US$ 63.17.

关键词： rice adoption poverty Cragg's Double hurdle model modern variety

Investigating the Effects of Interface Topology on Flow Development in Rod Bundle Supported by Spacer Grid with Split Mixing Vane Using STAR-CCM+

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2022年第11期10卷 45-67页

作者： Vincent Yao Agbodemegbe Edward Shitsi Felix Ameyaw Henry Cecil Odoi Isaac kwasi Baidoo School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana National Nuclear Research Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana Nuclear Power Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana

Flow development downstream of a spacer grid is dependent on the upstream conditions and the imposed interface topology, especially at inlet and outlet boundaries. In STAR-CCM+, all interfaces fall into two groups, direct and indirect. A direct interface directly joins together two boundaries composing the interface either permanently or temporarily, for the case of rigid body motion. An explicit connection is created between cells on each side of the interface, so that mass and energy or either of them will occur across the interface. Three options of interface topology namely, in-place, periodic and repeating are available to be imposed at the inlet-outlet boundaries for a flow problem. In the present work, computational fluid dynamic simulation using STAR-CCM+ was performed for the flow of water at a bundle’s Reynolds number of Re1 = 3.4 × 104 through a 5 × 5 rod bundle geometry supported by spacer grid with and without split mixing vanes for which the rod-to-rod pitch to diameter ratio was 1.33 and the rod to wall pitch to diameter ratio was 0.74. The two-layer k-epsilon turbulence model with an all y+ automatic wall treatment function in STAR-CCM+ was adopted for an isothermal single phase (water) flow through the geometry with and without imposed cyclic periodic interface boundary condition of fully developed flow type at inlet and outlet boundaries. The objectives were to primarily investigate the extent of predictability of the experimental data by the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation as a measure of reliability on the CFD code employed, and also study the effects of the imposed interface topology on flow redistribution in the presence and absence of split mixing vane. Validation of simulation results with experimental data showed a good correlation of mean flow parameters with experimental data. Generally, the agreement of simulation results with data obtained from the experimental investigation confirmed the suitability of the CFD co

关键词： CFD Spacer Grid Split Vane Interface Topology Turbulence STAR-CCM+

Fabrication and study of supercapacitor electrodes based on oxygen plasma functionalized carbon nanotube fibers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 120-131,I0005页

作者： Paa kwasi Adusei Seyram Gbordzoe Sathya Narayan Kanakaraj Yu-Yun Hsieh Noe T.Alvarez Yanbo Fang Kevin Johnson Colin McConnell Vesselin Shanov Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221-0072USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of CincinnatiOH 45221-0012USA Department of Chemistry University of CincinnatiOH 45221-0172USA

Dry-spun Carbon Nanotube(CNT)fibers were surface-modified by atmospheric pressure oxygen plasma functionalization using a well controlled and continuous *** fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Raman spectroscopy,and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS).It was found from the conducted electrochemical measurements that the functionalized fibers showed a 132.8% increase in specific capacitance compared to non-functionalized ***-adsorption test and the obtained Randles-Sevcik plot demonstrated that the oxygen plasma functionalized fibers exhibited increased surface *** was further established by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)measurements that the surface area of the CNT fibers was increased from 168.22 m^2/g to 208.01 m^2/g after plasma *** pore size distribution of the fibers was also altered by this *** improved electrochemical data was attributed to enhanced wettability,increased surface area,and the presence of oxygen functional groups,which promoted the capacitance of the *** supercapacitors were fabricated from the oxygen plasma functionalized CNT fiber electrodes using different electrolyte *** devices with functionalized electrodes exhibited excellent cyclic stability(93.2% after 4000 cycles),flexibility,bendability,and good energy *** 0.5 m A/cm^2,the EMIMBF4 device revealed a specific capacitance,which is 27% and 65%greater than the specific capacitances of devices using EMIMTFSI and H2SO4 electrolytes,*** practiced in this work plasma surface processing can be employed in other applications where fibers,yarns,ribbons,and sheets need to be chemically modified.

关键词： Oxygen plasma functionalization Fiber supercapacitors CNT fiber electrodes Ionic liquid

Effect of gamma radiation and storage at 4°C on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes,Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium in Legon-18 pepper(Capsicum annuum)powder

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Food Quality and Safety 2019年第4期3卷 265-272页

作者： Bernard Tawiah Odai Kwaku Tano-Debrah Kennedy kwasi Addo Firibu K.Saalia Lorenzo Moses Akyeh Department of Nutrition and Food Science University of GhanaLegonAccra Radiation Technology Centre Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research InstituteGhana Atomic Energy CommissionKwabenyaAccra Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of GhanaLegonAccra

Objectives:Spices are low moisture foods which have been known to be contaminated with various pathogens and sun-dried Legon-18 pepper powder is not left *** to its contamination with various pathogens,a study was conducted to determine the effects of gamma irradiation on the decontamination of Legon-18 pepper powder and on some quality ***:Samples were obtained from a local farmer from the Eastern Region of *** tests were carried *** samples were inoculated with known cfu/ml of Escherichia coli,Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica *** were irradiated at 1,2,4,and 5 kilogray(kGy).Zero kilogray served as control(unirradiated).All samples were stored at 4oC for 60 *** of the various pathogens was done in appropriate *** quality parameters were determined after irradiating unsterile samples at 5 kGy and 0 kGy served as *** and carotenoids were quantified using a high performance liquid *** samples were stored at 4oC for 8 ***:A dose-dependent effect on the inactivation of the pathogens was observed(P<0.05).Storage time affected the inactivation of the pathogens as well(P<0.05).Complete inactivation of the pathogens was observed at 5 kGy at day ***,dihydrocapsaicin and total capsaicinoid content of the samples irradiated at 5 kGy increased at 23.64%,14.7%and 20.95%respectively as compared with the contents of the unirradiated samples.A gamma irradiation dose of 5 kGy caused losses of 8.11%,8.67%and 26.54%in capsanthin,beta carotene and beta cryptoxanthin *** parameters measured reduced with storage(P<0.05).Conclusions:Gamma irradiation inactivated pathogens at 5 *** doses used during the study could inactivate the pathogens but with *** quality parameters and carotenoids quantified were affected by gamma irradiation and storage period(P<0.05).

关键词： capsaicinoids gamma irradiation pathogens carotenoids

HEALTH MANPOWER PLANNING FOR PRIMARY CARE IN GHANA

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1984年第2期97卷 100-100页

作者： kwasi P Nimo Department of Community Health University of Chana Medical School ACCRA

A 3-tier system of health manpower is being planned in Ghana in conformity with the primary health care strategy of that country. Front-line health workers who already exist in the communities will work in populations of 200 people or more. They will be responsible for primary preventive and promotive procedures and simple first level curative measures. Training and supervision of these front-line health workers will be done by conventional health workers. Emphasis is being put on these types of health workers because of the health problems encountered and unwillingness of highly trained health personnel to work in rural areas where they are most needed.

关键词： Africa Africa South Of The Sahara Community Workers Delivery Of Health Care Developing Countries Diseases Economic Factors Education English Speaking Africa Ghana Health Health And Welfare Planning Health Personnel Health Services Health Services Administration Management Medicine Organization And Administration Primary Health Care Social Planning Training Programs Western Africa