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Decoding degeneration:the implementation of machine learning for clinical detection of neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1235-1242页

作者： Fariha Khaliq jane Oberhauser Debia Wakhloo Sameehan Mahajani Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences(BMES) National University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Neuropathology School of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA

Machine learning represents a growing subfield of artificial intelligence with much promise in the diagnosis,treatment,and tracking of complex conditions,including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** no definitive methods of diagnosis or treatment exist for either disease,researchers have implemented machine learning algorithms with neuroimaging and motion-tracking technology to analyze pathologically relevant symptoms and *** learning algorithms such as neural networks and complex combined architectures have proven capable of tracking disease-linked changes in brain structure and physiology as well as patient motor and cognitive symptoms and responses to ***,such techniques require further development aimed at improving transparency,adaptability,and *** this review,we provide an overview of existing neuroimaging technologies and supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques with their current applications in the context of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease clinical detection deep learning machine learning neurodegenerative disorders neuroimaging Parkinson’s disease

Cryptomycota: the missing link

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Protein & Cell 2012年第3期3卷 161-162页

作者： Krishna Bolla Elizabeth jane Ashforth Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China􀀍

Fungi have been well studied for 150 years and it was thought that there was a good understanding of the major evolutionary groups,but new findings by UK researchers from the University of Exeter have radically changed this *** a local pond near the Exeter University,UK,they discovered a diverse and deep evolutionary branch of fungi named Cryptomycota(Greek:crypto,hidden;mycota,fungi)that has now doubled our knowledge of fungal diversity.

关键词： doubled branch Cry

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of boscalid resistant isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from asparagus lettuce

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第12期22卷 3694-3708页

作者： SHI Dong-ya LI Feng-jie ZHANG Zhi-hui XU Qiao-nan CAO Ying-ying jane Ifunanya MBADIANYA LI Xin WANG Jin CHEN chang-jun Department of Pesticide Science College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute Co. Ltd.Nanjing 210046P.R.China

Laboratory mutants of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib)de Bary,resistant to boscalid,have been extensively ***,the resistance situation in the lettuce field remains largely *** this study,among the 172 *** isolates collected from asparagus lettuce field in Jiangsu Province,China,132 isolates(76.74%)exhibited low-level resistance to boscalid(Bos^(LR)),with a discriminatory dose of 5μg *** comparison to the boscalid-sensitive(BosS)isolates,most Bos^(LR)isolates demonstrated a slightly superior biological fitness,as evidenced by data on mycelial growth,sclerotium production and ***,most Bos^(LR)isolates showed comparable levels of oxalic acid(OA)accumulation,increased exopolysaccharide(EPS)content and reduced membrane permeability when compared to the BosS ***,their responses to distinct stress factors diverged ***,the effectiveness of boscalid in controlling Bos^(LR)isolates on radish was diminished compared to its efficacy on BosS *** mutations were identified in the SDH genes of Bos^(LR)isolates,revealing the existence of three resistant genotypes:I(^(A11V)at SDHB,SDHB^(A11V)),II(^(Q38R)at SDHC,SDHC^(Q38R))and III(SDHB^(A11V)+SDHC^(Q38R)).Importantly,no cross-resistance was observed between boscalid and other fungicides such as thifluzamide,pydiflumetofen,fluazinam,or *** molecular docking analysis indicated that the docking total score(DTS)of the type I resistant isolates(1.3993)was lower than that of the sensitive isolates(1.7499),implying a reduced affinity between SDHB and boscalid as a potential mechanism underlying the boscalid resistance in *** findings contribute to an enhanced comprehension of boscalid’s mode of action and furnish valuable insights into the management of boscalid resistance.

关键词： Sclerotinia sclerotiorum boscalid asparagus lettuce SDHB^(A11V) SDHC^(Q38R)

Corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in low and moderate myopic Chinese eyes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第4期6卷 467-470页

作者： Samaneh Delshad jane Mei Chun National Institute of Ophthalmic Sciences School of OptometryLot 2Lorong Utara BPetaling Jaya 46200Darul EhsanSelangorMalaysia

AIM:To describe and compare the corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in young,low and moderate myopic Chinese adults in Malaysian Chinese population.·METHODS:Non-contact specular microscopy(Topcon SP3000P,Tokyo,Japan) was performed in low(n =78;21.22±1.51 years) and moderate(n =78;21.82±1.40 years)myopic *** mean of three consecutive measurements of endothelial cell density(MCD),coefficient of variation(CV) in the cell size,and hexagonal appearance of the cell were obtained.·RESULTS:In low myopic eyes the MCD was 3 063.0±176.2/mm2,the mean CV was 33.4 ±4.0% and the mean hexagonal appearance of the cell was 57.9 ±2.7%.In moderate myopic eyes the MCD was 2961.6 ±159.0/mm2,the mean CV was 33.9 ±3.6% and mean hexagonal appearance of the cell was 56.2 ±4.7%.There were statistically significant differences in MCD(P <0.000) and hexagonal appearance of the cell(P <0.005) between low and moderate myopic eyes.·CONCLUSION:The corneal endothelial cell layer in more myopic eyes tends to have less MCD and cell hexagonality compared to lower myopic ***,there is no significant difference in CV between low and moderate myopic eyes.

关键词： cornea myopic eyes specular microscopy endothelial cell density morphology

2D Centroidal Voronoi Tessellations with Constraints

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2010年第2期3卷 212-222页

作者： jane Tournois Pierre Alliez Olivier Devillers INRIA Sophia Antipolis-Mediterranee

We tackle the problem of constructing 2D centroidal Voronoi tessellations with constraints through an efficient and robust construction of bounded Voronoi diagrams, the pseudo-dual of the constrained Delaunay *** exploit the fact that the cells of the bounded Voronoi diagram can be obtained by clipping the ordinary ones against the constrained Delaunay *** clipping itself is efficiently computed by identifying for each constrained edge the(connected) set of triangles whose dual Voronoi vertices are hidden by the *** resulting construction is amenable to Lloyd relaxation so as to obtain a centroidal tessellation with constraints.

关键词： Centroidal Voronoi tessellation bounded Voronoi diagram constrained Delaunay triangulation.

Defining Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)hydrologic responseunits(HRUs)by field boundaries

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 69-80页

作者： Margaret M.Kalcic Indrajeet Chaubey jane Frankenberger Graham Sustainability Institute University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48104USA Department of Earth Atmosphericand Planetary SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineeri ng Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)is widely used to relate farm management practices to their impacts on surface waters at the watershed scale,yet its smallest spatial unit is not generally defined by physically meaningful *** hydrologic response unit(HRU)is the smallest spatial unit of the model,and the standard HRU definition approach lumps all similar land uses,soils,and slopes within a subbasin based upon user-defined *** standard method provides an efficient way to discretize large watersheds where simulation at the field scale may not be computationally *** relatively smaller watersheds,however,defining HRUs to specific spatial locations bounded by property lines or field borders would often be advantageous,yet this is not currently possible within the ArcSWAT *** this study,a simple approach is demonstrated that defines HRUs by field boundaries through addition of uniquely named soils to the SWAT user soil database and creation of a field boundary layer with majority land use and soil *** of nitrogen,phosphorus,and sediment losses were compared in a case study watershed where SWAT was set up using both the standard HRU definition and field boundary ***-scale results were reasonable and similar for both methods,but aggregating fields by majority soil type masked extremely high soil erosion predicted for a few *** from field-based HRU delineation may be quite different from the standard approach due to choosing a majority soil type in each farm *** approach is flexible such that any land use and soil data prepared for SWAT can be used and any shapefile boundary can divide HRUs.

关键词： watershed modeling Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) hydrologic response units field boundaries common land units landuse management

DOCK8 regulates signal transduction events to control immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第5期14卷 406-411页

作者： Conor J Kearney Katrina L Randall jane Oliaro Immune Defence Laboratory Cancer Immunology Division The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre East Melbourne Victoria 3002 Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease The John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory 2601 Australia Australian National University Medical School Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory 2605 Australia

Genetic mutations in the gene encoding DOCK8 cause an autosomal recessive form of hyper immunoglobulin E syndrome （AR-HIES）, referred to as DOCK8 deficiency. DOCK8 deficiency in humans results in the onset of combined immunodeficiency disease （CID）, clinically associated with chronic infections with diverse microbial pathogens, and a predisposition to malignancy. It is now becoming clear that DOCK8 regulates the function of diverse immune cell sub-types, particularly lymphocytes, to drive both innate and adaptive immune responses. Early studies demonstrated that DOCK8 is required for lymphocyte survival, migration and immune synapse formation, which translates to poor pathogen control in the absence of DOCK8. However, more recent advances have pointed to a crucial role for DOCK8 in regulating the signal transduction events that control transcriptional activity, cytokine production and functional polarization of immune cells. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of DOCK8 function, paying particular attention to an emerging role as a signaling intermediate to promote immune responses to diverse external stimuli.

关键词： DOCK8 immunodeficiency lymphocytes NK Cells signal transduction

A Web-based system enabling the integration,analysis,and 3D sub-surface visualization of groundwater monitoring data and geological models

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第2期9卷 197-214页

作者： jane Hunter Charles Brooking Lucy Reading Sue Vink School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering(ITEE) The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Water in the Minerals Industry(CWIMI) The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia

The 3D Water Chemistry Atlas is an intuitive,open source,Web-based system that enables the three-dimensional(3D)sub-surface visualization of ground water monitoring data,overlaid on the local geological model(formation and aquifer strata).This paper firstly describes the results of evaluating existing virtual globe technologies,which led to the decision to use the Cesium open source WebGL Virtual Globe and Map Engine as the underlying *** it describes the backend database and search,filtering,browse and analysis tools that were developed to enable users to interactively explore the groundwater monitoring data and interpret it spatially and temporally relative to the local geological formations and aquifers via the Cesium *** result is an integrated 3D visualization system that enables environmental managers and regulators to assess groundwater conditions,identify inconsistencies in the data,manage impacts and risks and make more informed decisions about coal seam gas extraction,waste water extraction,and water reuse.

关键词： 3D sub-surface visualization groundwater geological model

Conceptualising Intangible Heritage in Urban Environments: Challenges for Implementing the HUL Recommendation

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Built Heritage 2018年第4期2卷 72-81页

作者： Harriet jane Deacon Centre for Dance Research Coventry UniversityCoventryUnited Kingdom

The Historic Urban Landscape(HUL)Recommendation(UNESCO 2011)suggests that heritage management should be holistic,integrated,people-centred and focused on sustainable development *** tangible and intangible heritage should be taken into account,allowing for appropriate change over time.A variety of stakeholders should be involved in planning processes,including all levels of government,NGOs and *** dialogue and mediation,as well as tools such as documentation,inventorying and mapping should be used to identify multiple layers of *** the Recommendation thus offers a wonderful opportunity to develop consultative,bottom-up,integrated planning for sustainable development in urban *** paper suggests that one barrier to integrating management planning for tangible and intangible heritage is a persistent confusion about what‘intangible heritage’is and why it deserves *** it the values that local communities associate with their environment(‘intangible values’),or is it cultural practices that they happen to perform in that environment(intangible cultural heritage,or ICH)?Should‘intangible heritage’be managed as an attribute attesting to the authenticity of tangible fabric,or as a subject of safeguarding in its own right?If it means all these things at the same time,why is the same concept being used for so many different ideas and what are the consequences?The paper will suggest that a clearer conceptual understanding of intangible heritage is necessary to effectively integrate it into urban management strategies under the HUL approach.

关键词： intangible heritage Historic Urban Landscape UNESCO intangible heritage convention