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Elimination of lymphatic filariasis:Where do we stand so far?

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第9期16卷 385-399页

作者： Aashna Sinha Sudhashekhar kumar Deen Dayal Vaishali Yadav Atreyi Pramanik kundan kumar Chaubey Sanjay kumar Division of Research and Innovation School of Applied and Life SciencesUttaranchal UniversityArcadia GrantP.O.ChandanwariPremnagarDehradunUttarakhand-248007India Department of Physiology School of Medical Science and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater NoidaUP-201310India Department of Biotechnology GLA UniversityMathuraUP-281406India Department of Microbiology Central University of Haryana123031India School of Basic and Applied Sciences Sanskriti UniversityMathuraUttar Pradesh-281401India Biological and Bio-computational Lab Department of Life ScienceSharda School of Basic Sciences and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater NoidaUP-201310India

Lymphatic filariasis(LF),an asymptomatic,acute,and chronic condition in human beings,is the second most common vector-borne disease after *** to the World Health Organization,there are 120 million LF cases detected in 81 tropical and subtropical countries,and one billion people are at ***,the Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis was launched in 2000,with the primary objective of stopping LF transmission among all at-risk groups using mass drug administration(MDA),managing morbidities,and preventing LF-related impairments using a minimum treatment ***,other programs such as epidemiological assessment including National Filaria Control Program and World Health Organization recommended routine and pre-MDA microfilaremia surveys also implemented to stop the LF *** routine filaria surveys were also carried out in around 2000-4000 individuals/month throughout the year whereas pre-MDA surveys were also conducted every year in approximately 4000 individuals in four fixed and four random ***,the Transmission Assessment Survey was also conducted to check the risk of LF among primary school ***,potential diagnostic methods,systematic surveillance regimes,the Direct Network Report system,and regular trainings and awareness may be also effective in preventing the recurrence of ***,this review emphasizes the potential advocacy tools and various strategies as well as procedures for monitoring,which could be impactful in eliminating LF.

关键词： Lymphatic filariasis Treatment Challenges Prospect Elimination

Signal convergence through the lenses of MAP kinases： paradigms of stress and hormone signaling in plants

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第1期8卷 109-118页

作者： kundan kumar Dhammaprakash Pandhari WANKHEDE Alok Krishna SINHA Department of Plant Soil and Insect Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA National Institute of Plant Genome Research Aruna Asaf Ali Road New Delhi 110067 India

Common mechanisms plants use to translate the external stimuli into cellular responses are the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） cascade. These MAPK cascades are highly conserved in eukaryotes and consist of three subsequently acting protein kinases, MAP kinase kinase kinase （MAPKKK）, MAP kinase kinase （MAPKK） and MAP kinase （MAPK） which are linked in various ways with upstream receptors and downstream targets. Plant MAPK cascades regulate numerous processes, including various environmental stresses, hormones, cell division and developmental processes. The number of MAPKKs in Arabidopsis and rice is almost half the number of MAPKs pointing important role of MAPKKs in integrating signals from several MAPKKKs and transducing signals to various MAPKs. The cross talks between different signal transduction pathways are concentrated at the level of MAPKK in the MAPK cascade. Here we discussed the insights into MAPKK mediated response to environmental stresses and in plant growth and development.

关键词： environmental stresses abiotic stress biotic stress mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase MAPKK mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK plant signaling

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacteria in ICU patients with lower respiratory tract infection: A cross-sectional study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2020年第4期9卷 157-160页

作者： Birasen Behera kundan kumar Sahu Priyadarsini Bhoi Jatindra Nath Mohanty Department of Microbiology IMS and SUM HospitalSiksha“O”Anusandhan University(Deemed to be)K8Kalinga NagarBhubaneswar-751003OdishaIndia Medical Research Laboratory IMS and SUM HospitalSiksha“O”Anusandhan University(Deemed to be)K8Kalinga NagarBhubaneswar-751003OdishaIndia

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of isolated organisms in patients with lower respiratory tract infections and the antibiotic susceptibilities at a tertiary care center. Methods: In this observational and cross-sectional analysis, 114 patients admitted in the intensive care unit were enrolled. The endotracheal aspirates and bronchoalveolar lavage were collected. The bacteria were isolated and identified, and finally, antimicrobial sensitive pattern of the isolated bacteria was examined. Results: The prevalence of infection was 72.72% in male patients and 27.28% in females. The predominant bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (37.50%) followed by Acinetobacter spp. (36.36%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.95%),Escherichia coli (6.81%), Proteus mirabilis (2.27%), atypical Escherichia coli (1.13%), Enterococcus spp. (1.13%),Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (1.13%),Staphylococcus aureus (1.13%),Proteus vulgaris (1.13%), Citrobacter freundii (1.13%), and Citrobacter koseri (1.13%). High resistance to cephalosporins (82.18%) was demonstrated in all Gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria showed susceptibility to colistin (88.75%) followed by tigecycline (83.11%), gentamycin (36.18%), and amikacin (49.23%). Conclusions: As the most frequent respiratory organisms, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter spp. have increased resistance to cephalosporins and susceptibility to colistin followed by tigecycline.

关键词： Antimicrobial susceptibility Lower respiratory tract infection Klebsiella pneumonia Cephalosporins

In vitro Sensitivity of Three Bacterial Pathogens of Koi Carp （Cyprynus carpio L.） to Certain Antibiotics

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第1期2卷 93-98页

作者： Algama Dessanayakelage Wasantha Rohine Rajpakshe Kurcheti Pani Prasad Subhas Chandra Mukherjee kumar kundan Rajeev kumar Brahmachari Charandas Tembhurne Meena Neeraj kumar National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency Crow Island Mattakkuliya＇ Colombo 15 Sri Lanka Central Institute of Fisheries Education Seven Bunglows Fisheries University Road Versova Mumbai 400061 India Microbiology Division College of Fisheries Dholi Pusa Samastipur Bihar lndia

Three gram negative bacteria isolated from infected koi carp, Cyprinus carpio L. and screened for sensitivity to thirty antibiotics by the Bauer disc diffusion method. Bacteria evaluated were Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Edwardseilla tarda. A. hydrophila was resistant to ampicilin, cephalothin, sulphatriad, cefpodoxime and cefoxitin. Highest sensitivity was recorded to Colistin methane sulphonate and Ceftriaxone. High resistance was observed for P. aeruginosa in Kanamysin, Cephalothin, Sulphatriad, Colistin methane sulphonate, Tobramysin, Nitro Furantoin, Cefpodoxime, Cefoxitin and Aztreonam. Highest sensitivity recorded with Moxifloxacin. High resistance was observed in Co-trimoxamole and higher sensitivity performed for E. tarda by Tetracyclin, Cephotaxime, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Gatifloxacin and Levofloxacin. Out of that highest sensitivity recorded with Moxifloxacin High sensitivity was recorded for Moxifloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin. By means of antibiotic sensitivity test highest resistance was recorded to P. aeruginosa （MAR index-0.3） and least resistant was recorded to E, tarda （MAR index- 0.033）.

关键词： Koi Carp Aeromonas hydrophila Pseudomonas aeruginosa Edwardseilla tarda antibiotics.

向中国转述印度——晚清韦廉臣的印度教经典汉译研究

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南亚东南亚研究 2023年第2期 109-122,157页

作者：王春景焜檀深圳大学人文学院河北师范大学文学院

英国传教士韦廉臣(Alexander Williamson,1829—1890)1877年在《万国公报》上发表系列文章《印度原流备考》和《印度书籍》,介绍了吠陀时代以来的主要印度教经典。其中一些文本属于首次汉译。韦廉臣集中译述印度教知识,是英国的印度学... 详细信息

英国传教士韦廉臣(Alexander Williamson,1829—1890)1877年在《万国公报》上发表系列文章《印度原流备考》和《印度书籍》,介绍了吠陀时代以来的主要印度教经典。其中一些文本属于首次汉译。韦廉臣集中译述印度教知识,是英国的印度学后来居上的反映,同时也是传教策略使然,他试图通过增广中国读者的见闻以促进传教事业。韦廉臣的汉译体现出他对不同历史时期印度文化的态度,他肯定古老的吠陀文明,否定印度尚存的、活着的信仰。这种厚古薄今的历史态度反映了19世纪之后西方人对东方文化的典型立场,是东方主义方法论的必然结果。韦廉臣以基督教的世界观解释印度经典,认为上帝创世是世界的开始,将印度历史及信仰的源头都附会到圣经之中。他对世界同源的解释强调了圣经知识的重要地位,以及用基督教框架阐释、评价其他宗教的思维模式。同时,韦廉臣还引用了大量有关中国历史、文化、文学的术语阐释印度教经典,以使中国读者更易接受。韦廉臣通过构建基督教—印度教、中国—印度的对比框架,对印度古代文明进行了符合西方观念的阐释。然而,从历史发展的长时段来看,他的印度教经典汉译补充了传统的佛教翻译,促进了中印文化交流。

关键词：印度教经典汉译传教士韦廉臣东方主义

Synthesis and characterization of the nanostructured solid solution with extended solubility of graphite in nickel by mechanical alloying

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第8期26卷 1031-1037页

作者： Nitika kundan Biswajit Parida Anup kumar Keshri Prathvi Raj Soni Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Malaviya National Institute of TechnologyJaipurRajasthan 302017India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaBihar 801106India

In the present work,mechanical alloying of a powder mixture of nickel and graphite(up to 15wt%)was carried out in an attrition mill under a nitrogen *** as-milled powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The 15wt%graphite dissolved into the nickel(exceeding the negligible solid solubility in the nickel–carbon system),thereby forming a supersaturated solid solution of graphite in a nickel *** dissolved graphite occupied interstitial positions along the dislocation edges and at the grain-boundary regions.A three-step graphite dissolution mechanism has been *** associated changes in the nickel lattice,such as changes in the crystallite size(62 to 43 nm),lattice strain(0.12%to 0.3%),and lattice parameter(0.3533 to 0.3586 nm),which led to the formation of the supersaturated solid solution,were also evaluated and discussed.

关键词： Ni-C system mechanical alloying supersaturated solid solution nanostructured powder

Chatter stability prediction in high-speed micromilling of Ti6Al4 Vvia finite element based microend mill dynamics

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Advances in Manufacturing 2018年第1期6卷 95-106页

作者： kundan K. Singh Ramesh Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India

High-speed micromilling （spindle speeds 100 000r/min） can create complex three-dimensional microfeaturesin difficult-to-machine materials. The micromachined sur-face must be of high quatity, to meet functional require-ments. However, chatter-induced dynamic instabilitydeteriorates the surface quality and can be detrimental totool life. Chatter-free machining can be accomplished byidentifying stable process parameters via stability lobe dia-gram. To generate accurate stability lobe diagram, it isessential to determine the microend mill dynamics. Fre-quency response function is required to determine the tool-tip dynamics obtained by experimental impact *** that application of impact load at the microend mill tip（typically 100 - 500 μm） is not feasible as it would invari-ably end with tool failure. Consequently, alternative meth-ods need to be developed to identify the microend milldynamics. In the present work, the frequency responsefunction for the microend mill is obtained by finite elementmethod modal analysis. The frequency response functionobtained from modal analysis has been verified from theexperimentally obtained frequency response function. Theexperimental frequency response function was obtained byimpacting the microend mill near the taper portion with animpact hammer and measuring the vibration of the tool-tipwith a laser displacement sensor. The fundamental fre-quency obtained from finite element method modal analysisshows a difference of 6.6% from the experimental funda-mental frequency. Microend mill dynamics obtained fromthe finite element method is used for chatter prediction inhigh-speed micromilling operations. The stability lobe dia-gram predicts the stability boundary accurately at 60 000r/min and 80 000 r/min; however, a slight deviation isobserved at 100 000 r/min.

关键词： Chatter Micromilling Microend milldynamics Frequency response function Finite elementmodal analysis

Study and analysis of various sentiment classification strategies: A challenging overview

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2022年第1期13卷 70-98页

作者： Mandar kundan Keakde Akkalakshmi Muddana Gandhi Institute of Technology&Management(GITAM-University)Rudraram Patancheru MandalHyderabad 502329 TelanganaIndia

In large-scale social media,sentiment classification is a significant one for connecting gaps among social media contents as well as real-world actions,including public emotional status monitoring,political election prediction,and so *** the other hand,textual sentiment classification is well studied by various platforms,like Instagram,Twitter,*** classification has many advantages in various fields,like opinion polls,educa-tion,and *** classification is an interesting and progressing research area due to its applications in several *** information is collected from vari-ous people about social,products,and social events by web in sentiment *** review provides a detailed survey of 50 research papers presenting sentiment classifica-tion schemes such as active learning-based approach,aspect learning-based method,and machine learning-based *** analysis is presented based on the categorization of sentiment classification schemes,the dataset used,software tools utilized,published year,and the performance ***,the issues of existing methods considering conventional sentiment classification strategies are elaborated to obtain improved contri-bution in devising significant sentiment classification ***,the probable future research directions in attaining efficient sentiment classification are provided.

关键词： Sentiment classification accuracy active learning-based approach aspect learning-based method machine learning-based approach

High-resolution modeling and evaluation of ozone air quality of Osaka using MM5-CMAQ system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期21卷 782-789页

作者： SHRESTHA kundan Lal KONDO Akira KAGA Akikazu INOUE Yoshio Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering School of EngineeringOsaka University

High-resolution modeling approach is increasingly being considered as a necessary step for improving the monitoring and predictions of regional air quality. This is especially true for highly urbanized region with complex terrain and land-use. This study uses Community Multiscale Air Quality （CMAQ） model coupled with MM5 mesoscale model for a comprehensive analysis to assess the suitability of such high-resolution modeling system in predicting ozone air quality in the complex terrains of Osaka, Japan. The 1-km and 3-kin grid domains were nested inside a 9-km domain and the domain with 1-km grid covered the Osaka region. High-resolution Grid Point Value-Mesoscale Model （GPV-MSM） data were used after suitable validation. The simulated ozone concentrations were validated and evaluated using statistical metrics using performance criteria set for ozone. Daily maxima of ozone were found better simulated by the 1-krn grid domain than the coarser 9-km and 3-km domains, with the maximum improvement in the mean absolute gross error about 3 ppbv. In addition, 1-km grid results fared better than other grids at most of the observation stations that showed noticeable differences in gross error as well as correlation. These results amply justify the use of the integrated high-resolution MM5-CMAQ modeling system in the highly urbanized region, such as the Osaka region, which has complex terrain and land-use.

关键词： air quality model evaluation ozone Community Multiscale Air Quality MM5 statistical analysis