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Machine learning-assisted fluorescence visualization for sequential quantitative detection of aluminum and fluoride ions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 68-78页

作者： Qiang Zhang Xin Li long Yu Lingxiao Wang Zhiqing Wen Pengchen Su Zhenli Sun Suhua Wang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

The presence of aluminum(Al^(3+))and fluoride(F^(−))ions in the environment can be harmful to ecosystems and human health,highlighting the need for accurate and efficient *** this paper,an innovative approach is presented that leverages the power of machine learning to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of fluorescence-based detection for sequential quantitative analysis of aluminum(Al^(3+))and fluoride(F^(−))ions in aqueous *** proposed method involves the synthesis of sulfur-functionalized carbon dots(C-dots)as fluorescence probes,with fluorescence enhancement upon interaction with Al^(3+)ions,achieving a detection limit of 4.2 nmol/***,in the presence of F^(−)ions,fluorescence is quenched,with a detection limit of 47.6 nmol/*** fingerprints of fluorescence images are extracted using a cross-platform computer vision library in Python,followed by data ***,the fingerprint data is subjected to cluster analysis using the K-means model from machine learning,and the average Silhouette Coefficient indicates excellent model ***,a regression analysis based on the principal component analysis method is employed to achieve more precise quantitative analysis of aluminum and fluoride *** results demonstrate that the developed model excels in terms of accuracy and *** groundbreaking model not only showcases exceptional performance but also addresses the urgent need for effective environmental monitoring and risk assessment,making it a valuable tool for safeguarding our ecosystems and public health.

关键词： Machine learning Aluminum ion detection Fluorine ion detection Fluorescence probe K-means model

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Phase-transfer-shuttle generated in situ enables novel SN1-type fluorination of sulfonium ylide with hydrofluoric acid

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 641-648页

作者： Yisa Xiao Rui Wang Zhaoxuan Xu Qunchao Zhao Renyi Pang Tao Dong long Lu Qilong Shen Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

The development of a nucleophilic fluorination protocol using hydrofluoric acid as the fluoride source represents a long-sought goal in the field of organofluorine *** report herein the realization of such a reaction that employed alkyl-substituted sulfonium ylides as the *** key to the success of the protocol was attributed to two factors:First,as a Brϕnsted base,the ylide was able to be protonated by HFaq,thus serving as a phase-transfer shuttle generated in situ to bring F−from aqueous phase to the organic phase promoting desolvation of fluoride ***,after protonation,a sulfonium salt,a good leaving group,was generated and subsequent attacked by the fluoride to afford the alkyl *** investigation indicates that the reaction occurs via an SN1 *** of the nature of the cationic intermediate in the reaction,two attractive rearrangement-fluorination approaches including 1,2-aryl migration fluorination and ring-expansion fluorination were disclosed.

关键词： SN1 fluorination hydrofluoric acid sulfonium ylide cation rearrangement

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Designing the counter pressure casting gating system for a large thin-walled cabin by machine learning

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China Foundry 2025年

作者： Xiao-long Zhang Hua Hou Xiao-long Pei Zhi-qiang Duan Yu-hong Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province for High-performance Al/Mg Alloy Materials North University of China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of Materials

The design of casting gating system directly determines the solidification sequence, defect severity,and overall quality of the casting. A novel machine learning strategy was developed to design the counter pressure casting gating system of a large thin-walled cabin casting. A high-quality dataset was established through orthogonal experiments combined with design criteria for the gating system. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to select high-quality features. The gating system dimensions were predicted using a gated recurrent unit(GRU) recurrent neural network and an elastic network model. Using EasyCast and ProCAST casting software, a comparative analysis of the flow field, temperature field, and solidification field can be conducted to demonstrate the achievement of steady filling and top-down sequential solidification. Compared to the empirical formula method, this method eliminates trial-and-error iterations, reduces porosity, reduces casting defect volume from 11.23 cubic centimeters to 2.23 cubic centimeters, eliminates internal casting defects through the incorporation of an internally cooled iron, fulfilling the goal of intelligent gating system design.

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Potential preservative mechanisms of cardiac rehabilitation pathways on endothelial function in coronary heart disease

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 158-175页

作者： Wen-Tao Sun Jian-Yong Du Jia Wang Yi-long Wang Er-Dan Dong Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital(Qingdao Municipal Hospital)Schoolof Health and Life SciencesUniversityof Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071China Department of Cardiology and Instituteof Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalTheInstituteofCardiovascular SciencesPeking UniversityState Key Laboratoryof Vascular Homeostasisand RemodelingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Cardiac rehabilitation,a comprehensive exercise-based lifestyle and medical management,is effective in decreasing morbidity and improving life quality in patients with coronary heart *** function,an irreplaceable indicator in coronary heart disease progression,is measured by various methods in traditional cardiac rehabilitation pathways,including medicinal treatment,aerobic training,and smoking ***,studies on the effect of some emerging cardiac rehabilitation programs on endothelial function are *** article briefly reviewed the endothelium-beneficial effects of different cardiac rehabilitation pathways,including exercise training,lifestyle modification and psychological intervention in patients with coronary heart disease,and related experimental models,and summarized both uncovered and potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of the beneficial roles of various cardiac rehabilitation pathways on endothelial *** exercise training and some lifestyle interventions,the enhanced bioavailability of nitric oxide,increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs),and decreased oxidative stress are major contributors to preventing endothelial dysfunction in coronary heart ***,the preservation of endothelial-dependent hyperpolarizing factors and inflammatory suppression play *** the one hand,to develop more endothelium-protective rehabilitation methods in coronary heart disease,adequately designed and sized randomized multicenter clinical trials should be advanced using standardized cardiac rehabilitation programs and existing assessment *** the other hand,additional studies using suitable experimental models are warranted to elucidate the relationship between some new interventions and endothelial protection in both macro-and microvasculature.

关键词： cardiac rehabilitation coronary heart disease endothelial function

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Versatile chiroptical induction/manipulation through specific solvation of ion pairs by alcohols

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 610-621页

作者： Chunhong Liu Xin Chen Yanling Shen Ting Zhao Dayang Zhou kun Li Jiecheng Ji Wanhua Wu Xuemei Pu Cheng Yang Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Comprehensive Analysis Center ISIROsaka UniversityOsaka 565-0871Japan

While extensive research has explored manipulating supramolecular chirality through internal and external factors,the specific solvation effect remains uncharted *** study synthesized ortho-functionalized pillar[5]arene(P[5])derivatives Mn and Dn via thiol-Michael addition,characterizing them through spectroscopic and X-ray single-crystal *** and Dn interacted with chiral amines,yielding significant circular dichroism(CD)***,the chiral induction exhibited pronounced specific solvation effects,where achiral alcohols either enhanced,attenuated,or reversed CD *** over 40 alcohols revealed correlations between the specific solvation effects and alcohol polarity and *** dynamics simulations unveiled that the alcohol interacted distinctly through hydrogen bonding,with one ion pair bonding up to four alcohol *** Rp-and Sp-preference of the P[5]core could be altered by the number of bonded *** work uncovers the critical role of alcohol-specific solvation in ion pair-involved chiral assembly,pertinent for asymmetric ion-pairing catalysis and the use of alcohol additives in organic solvents.

关键词： chiroptical induction specific solvation ion pair pillararene H-bond

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Research status and prospect of purification technology of sulfur-containing odor gas

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 301-313页

作者： Yuhan long Shunzheng Zhao Xiaolong Tang Qingjun Yu Fengyu Gao Jun Liu YaWang Yuansong Zhou Honghong Yi School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants Beijing 100083China

Catalytic purification of sulphur-containing malodorous gases has attracted wide attention because of its advantages of high purification efficiency,low energy consumption and lack of secondary *** selection of efficient catalysts is the key to the problem,while the preparation and optimisation of catalysts depend on the analysis of experimental results and in-depth mechanistic *** analysing the published literature,bibliometric analysis can identify existing research hotspots,the areas of interest and predict development trends,which can help to identify hot catalysts in the catalytic purification of sulphurcontaining odours and to investigate their catalytic purification ***,this paper uses bibliometric analysis,based on Web Of Science and CNKI databases,CiteSpace and VOS viewer software to collate and analyse the literature on the purification of sulphurcontaining odour pollutants,to identify the current research hotspots,to summarise the progress of research on the catalytic purification of different types of sulphur-containing odours,and to analyse their reaction mechanisms and *** this basis,the research progress of catalytic purification of different kinds of sulfur odour is summarized,and the reaction mechanism and dynamics are summarized.

关键词： Bibliometric Sulphur-containing odor gases Catalytic oxidation Catalytic decomposition

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Roles of serum uric acid on the association between arsenic exposure and incident metabolic syndrome in an older Chinese population

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 332-341页

作者： Haiyan Jiang Simei Zhang Yaoyao Lin Lin Meng Jiayi Li Wenqing Wang Kaixuan Yang Mingjuan Jin Jianbing Wang Mengling Tang kun Chen Department of Public Health Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Department of Public Health Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Department of Public Health National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China

Growing evidences showed that heavy metals exposure may be associated with metabolic ***,themechanism underlying arsenic(As)exposure and metabolic syndrome(MetS)risk has not been fully *** we aimed to prospectively investigate the role of serum uric acid(SUA)on the association between blood As exposure and incident MetS.A sample of 1045 older participants in a community in China was *** determined As at baseline and SUA concentration at follow-up in the Yiwu Elderly *** events were defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation(IDF).Generalized linear model with log-binominal regression model was applied to estimate the association of As with incident *** investigate the role of SUA in the association between As andMetS,amediation analysiswas *** the fully adjusted log-binominal model,per interquartile range increment of As,the risk of MetS increased *** with the lowest quartile of As,the adjusted relative risk(RR)of MetS in the highest quartile was 1.42(95%confidence interval,CI:1.03,2.00).Additionally,blood As was positively associated with SUA,while SUA had significant association with MetS *** mediation analysis demonstrated that the association of As and MetS risk was mediated by SUA,with the proportion of 15.7%.Our study found higher As was remarkably associated with the elevated risk of MetS in the Chinese older adults *** analysis indicated that SUA might be a mediator in the association between As exposure and MetS.

关键词： Arsenic(As)exposure Metabolic syndrome(MetS) Serum uric acid(SUA) Cohort study Mediation effect Older adults

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Effect of acid fracturing fluid modifying coal microstructure stimulated by ultrasonic

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2025年第2期35卷 275-293页

作者： Shaojie Zuo Rui Gan Zhijie Wen Liang Zhang Zhizhong Jiang Fuping Zhao Chengwei Liu kun Li Zhiyuan Xu College of Mining Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Shandong Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China School of Emergency Management Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China Guizhou Research Institute of Oil&Gas Exploration and Development Engineering Guiyang 550022China Liupanshui Normal University Liupanshui 553000China

The combination of ultrasonic and acid fracturing fluid can strengthen the modification effect on the micropore structure of the coal matrix,thereby enhancing the efficiency of the acid fracturing *** this research,acetic acid was utilized to formulate acid fracturing fluids with varying concentrations,and the evolutionary traits of both the acid fracturing fluids and ultrasonic waves in relation to coal samples were *** functional group structure,mineral composition,micropore structure and surface morphology of coal samples were characterized by FTIR,XRD,N_(2)adsorption at low temperature and *** results showed that aromatics(I)and branching parameters(CH_(2)/CH_(3))were reduced by 81.58%and 88.67%,respectively,after 9%acetic acid *** acid can dissolve carbonates and clay minerals in coal,create new pores,and increase porosity,pore volume and pore fractal *** modification by 7%acetic acid,the pore volume increased by 5.7 *** observation shows that the diameter of coal surface holes increases,EDS scanning shows that the content of mineral elements in coal decreases,the connectivity of coal holes increases,and the holes *** findings of this research offer theoretical direction for optimizing ultrasonic-enhanced acid fracturing fluid modification.

关键词： Acidic fracturing fluid Ultrasonic Coalbed methane Microstructure

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Review on micro-mechanism of forming emulsification during rare earth extraction by acidic extractants

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 9-20,I0001页

作者： Jie Liu Yuxiu Zhao Zhirong Wang Minghui Jia Wenxiang Xia Guizhi Wu Wenda Guo Ru'an Chi kun Huang School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266100China Open Project of Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technologywuhan430205China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Solvent extraction is the main method used to separate and purify rare earth *** the process of rare earths extraction,emulsification often generated due to the instability of the aqueous and organic phases or improper operating *** emulsification occurs,it would not only lead to low rare earths recovery efficiency,small product quantities,high production costs and the losing of extractant and rare earth resources,but also result in serious environmental ***,it is very important to study the micro-mechanisms of emulsification and establish new methods to prevent emulsification at the *** this paper,possible factors resulting in emulsification,such as the compositions and properties of the organic and aqueous phases,the operating conditions of the rare earths extraction are *** micro-mechanisms of emulsification are summarized basing on the microscopic structures in the bulk phase,aggregations of the extractants at the organic-aqueous interface,spectral characterizations and computational *** this basis,new formation mechanisms are proposed for *** explorations are employed to verify the correctness of these new ***,future directions for studies of the emulsification micro-mechanism are *** study provides a theoretical basis for further understanding the micro-mechanisms of interfacial instability resulting in emulsification in the process of rare earths extraction.

关键词： Extraction Rare earths Emulsification Mechanism Interface

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The Security of Using Large Language Models:A Survey With Emphasis on ChatGPT

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 1-26页

作者： Wei Zhou Xiaogang Zhu Qing-long Han Lin Li Xiao Chen Sheng Wen Yang Xiang the School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology IEEE the School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences the University of Adelaide Adelaide the Faculty of Science and Engineering Southern Cross University the School of Information and Physical Sciences the University of Newcastle

ChatGPT is a powerful artificial intelligence(AI)language model that has demonstrated significant improvements in various natural language processing(NLP) tasks. However, like any technology, it presents potential security risks that need to be carefully evaluated and addressed. In this survey, we provide an overview of the current state of research on security of using ChatGPT, with aspects of bias, disinformation, ethics, misuse,attacks and privacy. We review and discuss the literature on these topics and highlight open research questions and future *** this survey, we aim to contribute to the academic discourse on AI security, enriching the understanding of potential risks and mitigations. We anticipate that this survey will be valuable for various stakeholders involved in AI development and usage, including AI researchers, developers, policy makers, and end-users.

关键词： Artificial intelligence (AI) ChatGPT large language models (LLMs) security

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