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Bio-analysis of Saliva Using Paper Devices and Colorimetric Assays

Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第1期8卷 114-132页

作者： Adhan Narasimhan Harshil Jain Kowshika Muniandy Raja chinnappan Naresh kumar Mani Microfluidics Sensors and Diagnostics(μSenD)LaboratoryCentre for MicrofluidicsBiomarkersPhotoceutics&Sensors(μBioPS)Department of BiotechnologyManipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India College of Medicine Alfaisal UniversityRiyadh 11533SaudiArabia Tissue/Organ Bioengineering&BioMEMS Lab Organ Transplant Centre of ExcellenceTransplant Research&Innovation DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia

In light of the evolving nature of various diseases,time becomes a crucial factor in diagnosis and identifying the underlying causes.A point-of-care device provides a rapid diagnosis of a disease without using complex and advanced instruments,which are costly and difficult to transport.A paper-based device is a relatively frugal solution wherein the paper is used as a substratum in which the reactions are carried *** methods are non-invasive,and the sample collection is relatively *** is one such body fluid in which various biomarkers are present for numerous *** of saliva has attracted more attention recently due to its non-invasiveness and *** the discovery of clinical biomarkers from salivary analysis has the potential to revolutionize the healthcare sector by providing crucial information to monitor the health status of individuals and disease progression which enables personalized *** review provides the limitation of the traditional methods in clinical applications and highlights the significance of saliva as a non-invasive biological fluid that is a source of multiple biomarkers associated with various *** also provides insights into the different paper-based colorimetric microfluidic devices developed against salivary biomarkers in the past *** major challenges in the point-of-care application and the future prospects have been discussed as ***,we also emphasize the importance of this approach in dental disease diagnosis which is least explored and holds potential applications.

关键词： Paper-based assay Salivary analysis Non-invasive Point-of-care Body fluids Biomarkers Qualitative detection

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The Journey of SRS: An Initial Experience of Starting Sterotactic Radiosurgery Facility at Purbanchal Cancer Hospital—First in Nepal

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2023年第2期12卷 37-50页

作者： Birendra kumar Yadav Karthik Nagamuthu Alok Thakur Kushal Rizal Umesh kumar Sharma Ujwal Rai Dinesh Thapa Shishir Thapa kumar chinnappan Amit kumar Dubey Suraj Gurung Aman Yadav Utpalkant kumar Ranjay kumar Department of Radiation Oncology Purbanchal Cancer Hospital Jhapa Nepal Department of Radiology Purbanchal Cancer Hospital Jhapa Nepal Deapartment of Pathology Purbanchal Cancer Hospital Jhapa Nepal Department of Neurosurgery Purbanchal Cancer Hospital Jhapa Nepal

Introduction: Radiotherapy (RT) is a vital cancer treatment modality for both curative and palliative purposes. Nepal is a developing country with a population of around 30 million people. Cancer affects 100 - 120 people out of every 100,000, and the figure is increasing. The number of radiation facility machines in the country is still countable in fingers. Purbanchal Cancer Hospital, Nepal is the first comprehensive cancer facility capable of performing stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Our facility has cutting-edge Varian Truebeam Linear Accelerators with millennium MLC, which makes SRS and SRT’S for intracranial lesions such as small benign and malignant tumors much easier. In addition to SRS, we are the pioneers of SBRT for lung using 4DCT, interstitial & intraluminal brachytherapy, RPM Gated & DIBH modalities in Nepal. Methods & Materials: The purpose of this study is to share our experience in establishing an SRS facility in the country, which includes training the RT team on the importance of process accuracy, patient selection, patient assessment, mould preparation, and describing image data acquisition, target, and organ at risk delineation on CT and MRI images, treatment planning process, and quality assurance. Results & Discussion: The plans for all SRS and SRT cases are based on target coverage, OAR sparing, hotspot inside the target, conformity index, heterogeneity index, and dose fall off. To select the final plan, we used strict passing criteria such as a conformity index Paddick (CIPaddick) more than 0.85, a falloff between 100% and 50% of less than 5.5 mm (maximum 6 mm in irregular targets), and a hotspot inside the target between 115 to 140 percent, as per clinical standards. In addition, we determined the CILomax and CIRTOG for each case. Passing criteria for verification plans are set as minimum of 95% for a 2% percentage dose difference (% DD) and a 2-mm distance to an agreement (DTA). We also gathered demographic data from patients treated in t

关键词： Conformity Index Double Shell Positioning System Electronic Portal Imaging Device Linear Accelerator Millennium MLC Octavius Detector 1500 Setup Field

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Strong, lightweight, and highly conductive CNT/Au/Cu wires from sputtering and electroplating methods

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第5期40卷 99-106页

作者： Thang Q.Tran Jeremy Kong Yoong Lee Amutha chinnappan W.A.D.M.Jayathilaka Dongxiao Ji Vishnu Vijay kumar Seeram Ramakrishna Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1EA-07-05Singapore 117575Singapore

In this study, we present a 2-step deposition method via sputtering and electroplating that uses carbon nanotube(CNT) wires synthesized from a wet-spinning technique to produce high-performance CNT/Au/Cu composite wires. After the Au sputtering pre-treatment, the deposition of Cu on the CNT wires was found to be much more homogeneous due to improved wettability and reactivity of the wire surface. At different electrodeposition time, the mechanical strength of the CNT/Au/Cu composite wires could be as high as 0.74 GPa(~2 times stronger than metal wires) while their electrical conductivity could reach 4.65 × 10~5 S/cm(~80% of that for copper). More importantly, the CNT/Au/Cu composite wires with high CNT volume fraction are expected to be lightweight(up to 42% lower than Cu mass density), suggesting that our high-performance composite wires are a promising candidate to substitute conventional heavy metal wires in the future applications.

关键词： Carbon nanotube wires Sputtering Electrical conductivity Electrodeposition

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High-performance carbon fiber/gold/copper composite wires for lightweight electrical cables

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第7期42卷 46-53页

作者： Thang Q.Tran Jeremy Kong Yoong Lee Amutha chinnappan Nguyen Huu Loc Long T.Tran Dongxiao Ji W.A.D.M.Jayathilaka Vishnu Vijay kumar Seeram Ramakrishna Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1EA-07-05Singapore 117575Singapore Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of TechnologyVNUHCM268 Ly Thuong KietDistrict 10Ho Chi Minh City 740400Viet Nam

In this study,we synthesized high-performance Carbon Fiber/Gold/Copper(CF/Au/Cu)composite wires by using a 2-step deposition method via sputtering and *** Au was sputtered on PANbased CFs as a pre-treatment,the wettability and surface reactivity of the CFs were improved,resulting in a homogeneous deposition of Cu on their *** different Cu electrodeposition time,the resulting CF/Au/Cu composite wires could possess a high strength of up to 3.27 GPa(~10 times stronger than copper wires)while their electrical conductivity could be as high as 4.4×10^5 S/cm(~75%of that for copper).More importantly,since the composite wires were lightweight(up to 70%lower than Cu mass density),they are a promising candidate to substitute conventional heavy metal wires in the future electrical applications.

关键词： Carbon fiber Copper composite wires Strength Electrical properties

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Electrospun Aligned PCL/Gelatin Scaffolds Mimicking the Skin ECM for Effective Antimicrobial Wound Dressings

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第1期5卷 235-251页

作者： Erfan Rezvani Ghomi Rajamani Lakshminarayanan Vijila Chellappan Navin kumar Verma Amutha chinnappan Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany Kottaiswamy Amuthavalli Zhi Sheng Poh Brandon Han Siang Wong Nileshkumar Dubey Roger Narayan Seeram Ramakrishna Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Nanotechnology and SustainabilityNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117581Singapore Ocular Infections and Antimicrobials Research Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteThe Academia20 College RoadDiscovery TowerSingapore 169856Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research(A*STAR)#08‑032 Fusionopolis WayInnovisSingapore 138634Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University SingaporeClinical Sciences Building11 Mandalay RoadSingapore 308232Singapore Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore18 Science Drive 4Singapore 117543Singapore Academic Clinical Program in Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore National Skin Centre 1 Mandalay RoadSingapore 308205Singapore Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHakim Sabzevari UniversitySabzevar ***Iran Faculty of Dentistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 119085Singapore ORCHIDS:Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore 119085Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA

Bacterial infections and multidrug-resistant bacteria are major health burdens in wound *** antimicrobial agents,e.g.,ε-polylysine(ε-PL),provide a broad spectrum of antibacterial properties and support dermal cell ***,ε-PL was incorporated into polycaprolactone(PCL)/gelatin electrospun scaffolds collected at varying rotation ***,the samples were crosslinked using dopamine hydrochloride to provide highly proliferative dressings with broad antimicrobial *** morphological study showed that the electrospun wound dressings were smooth,continuous,and bead-free,with a mean diameter ranging from 267±7 to 331±8 nm for all random and aligned *** fiber alignment of the electrospun PCL/gelatin scaffolds improved their tensile strength and ***,nanofiber mats are highly hydro-philic,which is crucial for an efficient wound *** samples also demonstrated high antimicrobial properties against common wound bacterial strains,including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),Staphylococcus aureus(SA),Escherichia coli(EC),Acinetobacter baumannii(AB),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA).Mammalian cell prolifera-tion and morphology assays involving primary human dermal fibroblasts(hDFs)and immortalized keratinocytes(HaCaT)showed excellent biocompatibility of the electrospun mats and remarkably aligned ***,aligned mats showed more cell migration than randomly oriented mats,which is desirable for more efficient wound ***,it can be concluded that aligned PCL/gelatin mats containingε-PL are promising for potential use in wound dressings.

关键词： Electrospinning Wound healing Fiber alignment Biomaterials Nanofiber dressing Bacterial infections

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