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irritable bowel syndrome subtypes differ in body awareness, psychological symptoms and biochemical stress markers

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第31期14卷 4889-4896页

作者： Elsa M Eriksson kristina i andrén Henry T Eriksson Gran K Kurlberg Department of Medicine Sahlgrenska University Hospital/stra Gteborg SE-41685 Sweden Department of Surgery Sahlgrenska University Hospital/stra Gteborg SE-41685 Sweden Department of Medicine Sahlgrenska University Hospital/stra Gteborg SE-41685 Sweden Department of Surgery Sahlgrenska University Hospital/stra Gteborg SE-41685 Sweden

AiM: To elucidate the differences in somatic, psycho-logical and biochemical pattern between the subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (iBS). METHODS: Eighty iBS patients, 30 diarrhoea pre-dominant (D-iBS), 16 constipation predominant (C-iBS) and 34 alternating iBS (A-iBS) underwent physi-otherapeutic examinations for dysfunctions in body movements and awareness and were compared to an apparently healthy control group (AHC). All groups an-swered questionnaires for gastrointestinal and psycho-logical symptoms. Biochemical variables were analysed in blood. RESULTS: The D-iBS group showed less body aware-ness, less psychological symptoms, a more normal sense of coherence and psychosocial rating as well as higher C-peptide values. C-iBS had a higher degree of body dysfunction and psychological symptoms, as well as the lowest sense of coherence compared to controls and D-iBS. They also demonstrated the most elevated prolactin levels. A-iBS had the lowest degree of body disturbance, deteriorated quality of life and affected bi-ochemical pattern. All subtypes had higher pain scores compared to controls. in addition they all had signifi -cantly increased triglycerides and elevated morning cortisol levels, however, without statistical signifi cance compared with the ***: iBS subtypes showed different pro-files in body awareness, somatic and psychological symptoms and in biochemical variables. D-iBS differed compared to the other groups by lowered body aware-ness, less psychological symptoms and a higher sense of coherence and elevated C-peptide values. C-iBS and A-iBS subtypes suffered more from depression and anxiety, associated with a lower quality of life. These differences may be important and will be taken into account in our treatment of these patients.

关键词： irritable bowel syndrome subtypes Physiotherapy Body awareness Stress Biochemistry

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Hard life for sons in the nest?Sex-dependent offspring mortality in Great Tits in urban and forest areas

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 91-97页

作者： nora Agh Henriett Anna Dalvári Krisztián Szabó ivett Pipoly andrás Liker HUn-REn-PE Evolutionary Ecology Research Group University of PannoniaH-8200VeszpremPf.1158.Hungary Behavioral Ecology Research Group Center for Natural SciencesUniversity of PannoniaH-8200Pf.1158.VeszpremHungary Molecular Ecology Research Group Department of EcologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine BudapestH-1400Pf.2.BudapestHungary Synlab Hungary Ltd. H-1211Weiss Manfr´ed Str.5-7BudapestHungary

Sex-biased mortality can occur in birds during development,for example due to sexual differences in energy requirement and/or environmental sensitivity,or the effects of sex hormones or sex differences in the expression of mutations linked to sex *** extent of sex-bias in mortality may also be related to environmental conditions that influence offspring development and *** areas often provide poorer conditions for nestling development resulting in higher offspring mortality compared to natural areas,which may accelerate sex differences in offspring mortality in *** test this hypothesis,we examined the sex ratio of dead offspring in Great Tits(Parus major),using 427 samples of unhatched eggs and dead nestlings collected in two urban and two forest sites between 2013 and *** ratio of males in the whole sample of dead offspring(56.9%)was significantly higher than expected by an 1:1 ratio,and the strongest sex biases were detected in urban areas(57.6%males)and in young nestlings(ios of dead offspring did not differ significantly among study sites and between offspring developmental stages.29.3%of unhatched eggs contained a visible embryo,and the proportion of embryo-containing unhatched eggs did not differ significantly between urban and forest study *** results suggest male-biased offspring mortality in Great Tits,and highlight the need of large datasets to detect subtle differences between habitats and developmental stages.

关键词： Great Tit Urbanization nestling mortality Sex related differences

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Litterfall production modeling based on climatic variables and nutrient return from stands of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Pinus taeda L.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 26-36页

作者： andrés Baietto andrés Hirigoyen Jorge Hernández Amabelia del Pino Forest Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the Republic12900 MontevideoUruguay national Research Program of Forest Production National Agriculture Research InstituteINIA97000 TacuarembóUruguay Soil and Water Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the Republic12900 MontevideoUruguay

native grasslands in the Pampas of South America are increasingly being replaced by Eucalyptus and Pinus *** short rotation regimes used for the stands require high nutrient levels,with litterfall being a major source of nutrient *** model the litterfall production using climatic variables and assess the nutrient return in 14-year-old Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus taeda stands,we measured litter production over 2 years,using conical litter traps,and monitored climatic *** temperature,accumulated precipitation,and mean maximum vapor pres-sure deficit at the seasonal level influenced litterfall produc-tion by ***;seasonal accumulated precipitation and mean maximum temperature affected litterfall by *** regression tree modeling based on these climatic vari-ables had great accuracy and predictive power for ***(n=33;MAE(mean absolute error)=0.65;RMSE(root mean square error)=0.91;R^(2)=0.71)and ***(n=108;MAE=1.50;RMSE=1.59;R^(2)=0.72).The nutrient return followed a similar pattern to litterfall deposition,as well as the order of importance of macronutrients(***:Ca>n>K>Mg>P;***:n>Ca>K>Mg>P)and micronutrients(*** and ***:Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu)in both *** study constitutes a first approximation of factors that affect litterfall and nutrient return in these systems.

关键词： Afforestation Litterfall nutrient recycling Climate modeling Myrtaceae Pinaceae

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Determination of riding comfort on cycleways using a smartphone application

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 747-760页

作者： Anna niska Leif Sjögren Peter andrén Christian Weber Tineke de Jong Aslak Fyhri Department of infrastructure Maintenance Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute(VTI)Linköping SE-58195Sweden Department of Safety and Behavior Institute of Transport EconomicsGaustadalleen 210349 OsloNorway

Well maintained cycleways will encourage more people to cycle,as the condition of cycleways is important for the safety,accessibility and riding comfort of *** that,only a few models used to describe the quality of service for cyclists take the surface condition into *** measuring methods are needed to enable reliable and effective assessment of surface conditions,and measurable performance criteria related to the needs of cyclists should be *** purpose of this study has been to test the reliability and validity of using accelerometers in smartphones to assess the riding comfort on cycleways.A smartphone application converting three-dimensional accelerometer measurements into a single indicator for cycleways has been used to assess road surfaces in two field studies,in Sweden and norway,*** studies assessed test sections of varying *** relate the measurements to subjective riding comfort assessments by cyclists,recruited cyclists collected quantitative data using the app,whilst also rating their perceived riding comfort by completing a *** were also related to standard road surface condition indicators,generated from a road surface tester equipped with 19 laser sensors:international roughness index(iRi),mega-and *** results show that it is possible to describe the unevenness of a cycleway using the technology present in smartphones.A software application can be used to collect and analyse data from the acceleration sensors in the phone,which can then be used to describe the riding comfort of *** is mainly the unevenness in the 50-1000 mm sizerange that create the greatest discomfort for cyclists,and intermittent vibrations are perceived as more uncomfortable than more evenly distributed ***,iRi is not a relevant measurement for describing the riding comfort of cyclists.

关键词： Cyclist Comfort Assessment Road surface measurement Smartphone application

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Detection of 4p16.3 deletion and 11p15.5p15.4 gain in a boy by comparative genomic hybridization array:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1517-1522页

作者： işın Kaya Medical Genetics Bakırçay UniversityÇiğli Education ve Training Hospitalİzmir 35620Turkey

BACKGROUnD nonallelic homologous recombination(nAHR)of segmental duplications or low copy repeats(LCRs)result in DnA gain/loss and play an important role in the origin of genomic *** SUMMARY A 3-year-old boy was referred for genetic *** genomic hybrid-ization array analysis revealed a loss of 3776 kb in the 4p16.3 chromosomal region and a gain of 3201 kb in the 11p15.5p15.4 chromosomal *** Genomic imbalances caused by nAHR in LCRs result in deletion and duplication syndromes.

关键词： Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome Silver-Russell syndrome Recurrent rearrangements Case report

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Elevation transition of aquatic insects closely matches a thermal feature in the Yungas of northwestern Argentina

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 433-448页

作者： Alexandra BUiTRAGO-GUACAnAME Carlos MOLinERi andrés LiRA-nORiEGA Daniel andrés DOS SAnTOS neotropical Biodiversity institute(COniCET-UnT) UNT-DomesHorco Molle S/N4107 TucumánArgentina COnACYT Research Fellow Network of Advanced Molecular StudiesInstitute of Ecology A.COld Road to Coatepec 351El HayaCP 91073XalapaVeracruzMexico Biostatistics Chair Faculty of Natural Sciences and IMLNational University of TucumánSan Miguel de TucumánMiguel Lillo 2054000 TucumánArgentina

Temperature is a key factor that shapes the distribution of *** knowledge about how species respond to temperature is relevant to devise strategies for addressing the impacts of climate *** insects are particularly vulnerable to climate change,yet there is still much to learn about their ecology and *** the Yungas ecoregion of northwestern Argentina,cold-and warm-adapted species of the orders Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,and Trichoptera(EPT)are segregated by *** modeled the ecological niche of South American EPT species in this region using available data and projected their potential distribution in geographic *** were grouped based on their ecogeographic similarity,and we analyzed their replacement pattern along elevation gradients,focusing on the ecotone where opposing thermal preferences *** this interface,we identified critical points where the combined incidence of cold and warm assemblages maximizes,indicating a significant transition *** found that the Montane Cloud Forest holds the interface,with a particularly greater suitability at its lower *** main axis of the interface runs in a n-S direction and falls between 14°C-16°C mean annual *** probability of a particular location within a basin being classified as part of the interface increases as Kira’s warmth index approaches a score around *** the interface is critical for defining the thermal limits of species distribution and designing biomonitoring *** in the location of thermal constants related to mountainous ecotones may cause vertical displacement of aquatic insects and vegetation *** have recognized significant temperature thresholds that serve as indicators of suitability for the *** global warming is anticipated to shift these indicators,we suggest using them to monitor the imprints of climate change on mountain ecosystems.

关键词： Austral Yungas Ecological niche Model Ephemeroptera Kira’s warmth index Plecoptera Trichoptera

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Plasticity of photorespiratory carbon concentration mechanism in Sedobassia sedoides(Pall.)Freitag&*** under elevated CO_(2)concentration and salinity

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 963-982页

作者： Zulfira RAKHMAnKULOVA Elena SHUYSKAYA Maria PROKOFiEVA kristina TODERiCH Pavel VOROnin Timiryazev institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 127276Russia Graduate School of Bioresources Mie University1577 KurimamachiyaTsu 514-8507Japan

Rising atmospheric CO_(2)(carbon dioxide)concentrations and salinization are manifestations of climate change that affect plant growth and *** with an intermediate C_(3)-C_(4)type of photosynthesis live in a wide range of precipitation,temperature,and soil quality,but are more often found in warm and dry *** of the intermediate C_(3)-C_(4)photosynthetic type is C_(2)photosynthesis with a carbon concentration mechanism(CCM)that reassimilates CO_(2)released via ***,the ecological significance under which C_(2)photosynthesis has advantages over C_(3)and C_(4)plants remains largely *** tolerance and functioning of CCM were studied in plants from two populations(P1 and P2)of Sedobassia sedoides(Pall.)Freitag&*** *** with C_(2)photosynthesis exposed to 4 d and 10 d salinity(200 mM naCl)at ambient(785.7 mg/m^(3),aCO_(2)and elevated(1571.4 mg/m^(3),eCO_(2))CO_(2).On the fourth day of salinity,an increase in na+content,activity catalase,and superoxide dismutase was observed in both populations.P2 plants showed an increase in proline content and a decrease in photosynthetic enzyme content:rubisco,phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPC),and glycine decarboxylase(GDC),which indicated a weakening of C_(2)and C_(4)characteristics under *** under 10 d salinity led to an increased na^(+)content and activity of cyclic electron flow around photosystem i(PSi CEF),a decreased content of K^(+)and GDC in both populations.P1 plants showed greater salt tolerance,which was assessed by the degree of reduction in photosynthetic enzyme content,PSi CEF activity,and changes in relative growth rate(RGR).Differences between populations were evident under the combination of eCO_(2)and *** long-term salinity and eCO_(2),more salt-tolerant P1 plants had a higher dry biomass(DW),which was positively correlated with PSi CEF *** less salt-tolerant P2 plants,DW correlated with transpiration and dark

关键词： photosystemsⅠandⅡ carbon-concentrating mechanism glycine decarboxylase rubisco phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPC) cyclic electron flow salinity stress drylands

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Developing biophilic intermediate spaces for Arctic housing:Optimizing the thermal,visual,and energy performance

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Building Simulation 2024年第6期17卷 857-875页

作者： Tarlan Abazari andréPotvin Louis Gosselin Claude MH Demers GRAP(Groupe de recherche en ambiance physiques) School of ArchitectureLaval UniversityQuébecCanada Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringLaval UniversityQuébecCanada

Connecting occupants to the outdoor environment and incorporating biophilic design principles are challenging in extreme Arctic climatic *** Arctic housing models do not provide efficient thermal and daylight transitions which are essential for the well-being and cultural needs of their *** address these challenges,this research develops free-running biophilic intermediate spaces,integrated into an existing Arctic housing *** simulation methods are employed to optimize the primary and secondary architectural design variables for 26 case studies of intermediate *** variables include volume,transparency ratio,and *** variables include materials and physical ***,Daylight Factor/Autonomy,and Energy Use are evaluated as performance *** reveal that free-running intermediate spaces with 6 meters depth and a transparency ratio above 50%provide efficient indoor–outdoor transitions regarding thermal,visual,and energy *** architectural configurations contribute to an approximately 5%reduction in energy consumption within the housing unit compared to the *** side windows prevents the risk of overheating during the summer by reducing the average indoor temperature of intermediate spaces by 7°C but increases the overall energy *** a potential alternative to double-glazing,polycarbonate sheets enable efficient thermal performance by increasing the average indoor temperature of intermediate spaces by approximately 15°C during the cold Arctic *** polycarbonate sheets results in a 16.6%reduction in energy consumption compared to using double-glazing material in intermediate space,and a 26%reduction from the *** outcomes contribute to efficient indoor–outdoor connections and energy efficiency in Arctic housing.

关键词： Arctic housing intermediate spaces biophilic design positive thermal transitions daylight availability energy efficiency

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Effect of thermo-mechanical conditions during constrained friction processing on the particle refinement of AM50 Mg-alloy phases

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2298-2311页

作者： Camila Caroline de Castro andréMartins neves Benjamin Klusemann Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Material and Process DesignSolid-State Materials Processing21502 GeesthachtGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Hydrogen TechnologySystem Design for Mobility21502 GeesthachtGermany Helmut Schmidt University/University of the German Federal Armed Forces Hamburg Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering22043 HamburgGermany Leuphana University Lüneburg Institute for Production Technology and Systems21335 LüneburgGermany

Constrained Friction Processing(CFP)is a novel solid-state processing technique suitable for lightweight materials,such Mg-and *** technique enables grain size refinement to fine or even ultrafine *** this study,the effect of CFP on the microstructural refinement of AM50 rods is investigated in terms of particle size and morphology of the eutectic and secondary phases originally present in the base material,in particular the eutecticβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12)and Al-Mn *** that purpose,as-cast and solution heat-treated base material and processed samples were *** Al_(8)Mn_(5) intermetallic phase was identified as the main secondary phase present in all samples before and after the processing.A notorious refinement of these particles was observed,starting from particles with an average equivalent length of a few micrometers to around 560 nm after the *** refinement of the secondary phase refinement is attributed to a mechanism analogous to the attrition comminution,where the combination of temperature increase and shearing of the material enables the continuous breaking of the brittle intermetallic particles into smaller *** for the eutectic phase,the results indicate the presence of the partially divorcedβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12)particles exclusively in the as-cast base material,indicating that no further phase transformations regarding the eutectic phase,such as dynamic precipitation,occurred after the *** the case of the processed as-cast material analyzed after the CFP,the thermal energy generated during the processing led to temperature values above the solvus limit of the eutectic phase,which associated with the mechanical breakage of the particles,enabled the complete dissolution of this ***,CFP was successfully demonstrated to promote an extensive microstructure refinement in multiple aspects,in terms of grain sizes of theα-Mg phase and presence and morphology of the Al-Mn and eutecticβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12).

关键词： Constrained friction processing AM50 Refill friction stir spot welding Extrusion β-Mg_(17)Al_(12) Al-Mn phases

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Electroluminescence from pure resonant states in hBn-based vertical tunneling junctions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1557-1564页

作者： Magdalena Grzeszczyk kristina Vaklinova Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Konstantin Snovoselov Maciej Koperski institute for Functional intelligent Materials National University of SingaporeSingapore 117544Singapore Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukuba 305-0044Japan international Center for Materials nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukuba 305-0044Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore

Defect centers in wide-band-gap crystals have garnered interest for their potential in applications among optoelectronic and sensor ***,defects embedded in highly insulating crystals,like diamond,silicon carbide,or aluminum oxide,have been notoriously difficult to excite electrically due to their large internal *** address this challenge,we realized a new paradigm of exciting defects in vertical tunneling junctions based on carbon centers in hexagonal boron nitride(hBn).The rational design of the devices via van der Waals technology enabled us to raise and control optical processes related to defect-to-band and intradefect *** fundamental understanding of the tunneling events was based on the transfer of the electronic wave function amplitude between resonant defect states in hBn to the metallic state in graphene,which leads to dramatic changes in the characteristics of electrons due to different band structures of constituent *** our devices,the decay of electrons via tunneling pathways competed with radiative recombination,resulting in an unprecedented degree of tuneability of carrier dynamics due to the significant sensitivity of the characteristic tunneling times on the thickness and structure of the *** enabled us to achieve a high-efficiency electrical excitation of intradefect transitions,exceeding by several orders of magnitude the efficiency of optical excitation in the sub-band-gap *** work represents a significant advancement towards a universal and scalable platform for electrically driven devices utilizing defect centers in wide-band-gap crystals with properties modulated via activation of different tunneling mechanisms at a level of device engineering.

关键词： carbide tunneling defect

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