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Preliminary evaluation of a decision support tool for biochar amendment

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 93-105页

作者： Claire L.Phillips Sarah E.Light Adam Lindsley Thomas A.Wanzek Kylie M.Meyer kristin M.Trippe USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit 3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR 97331USA University of California Cooperative Extension 142A Garden HighwayYuba CityCA 95991USA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Meta-analyses have shown that only about half of biochar addition studies report improved plant *** improve yield response,here we describe a decision support tool(DST)for selecting a biochar type and amendment rate to meet soil and crop management goals,based on soil and biochar tests values and crop requirements as reported by regional extension *** data from a greenhouse wheat trial,we assessed whether this approach could predict changes in soil chemistry and whether it could identify soils in which amendment would stimulate crop *** data indicated that the DST could provide semi-quantitative predictions of biochar amendment rates needed to meet target soil pH levels,with recommended rates averaging 25%higher than were *** DST was better at predicting biochar application rates to provision P and *** six soil types,post-harvest measurements of extractable-K showed an average 104%recovery of the quantities estimated to be provisioned by conifer wood or wheat straw ***-P recovery averaged 101%in two sandy soils with low P-retention but was considerably lower in four soils with higher P-retention ***-house data also showed that wheat growth improved only when biochar alleviated pH that was substantially below critical thresholds for plant growth,and supported the principle of using crop-specific pH requirements as part of an approach for biochar *** field trials that evaluate yield responses in several nutrient-deficient or acidified soils will be needed to provide a robust evaluation of this DST.

关键词： Wheat Liming Phosphorous Potassium Yield response

Restoration of Coast Redwood (<i>Sequoia sempervirens</i>) Forests through Natural Recovery

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第2期4卷 106-111页

作者： Will Russell Jeff Sinclair kristin Hageseth Michels Department of Environmental Studies San José State University San Jose USA

The management of second-growth Sequoia sempervirens (coast redwood) forests for the purpose of restoration and ecological conservation is a growing trend. However, little is known about the long-term regenerative potential of this forest type in the absence of post-harvest management techniques such as thinning and planting. Data on forest composition and structure were collected on a chronosequence (80 - 160 years) of mature recovering stands in the southern coast redwood range using a replicated, randomized, plot design. Results indicated that many stand characteristics including tree density, canopy cover, redwood dominance, species richness, herbaceous cover, and shrub cover reached levels statistically equivalent with old-growth reference sites in recovering stands within the time frame of this chronosequence. The recovery of individual herbaceous understory species was inconsistent however. While the cover of redwood-associated species (Oxalis oregana, Trientalis latifolia, and Disporum hookeri) reached levels statistically equivalent to old-growth reference sites, others (Trillium ovatum and Viola sempervirens) did not. Total basal area and species evenness also trended toward, but did not reach, old-growth conditions. The arboreal aspects of coast redwood forests appear to be remarkably resilient following a single logging event, and recover rapidly in the absence of active restoration techniques. The protracted recovery of certain redwood associated herbaceous understory species will require further study.

关键词： Coast Redwood Sequoia sempervirens Restoration Timber Harvest Natural Recovery

Learning to Mediate： Teacher Appropriationof Dynamic Assessment

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基础教育外语教学研究 2017年第11期 22-26页

作者： kristin J.Davin The University of North Carolina at Charlotte USA)Jose D. Herazo and Anamaria Sagre(Universidad de Cordoba Colombia)

This article examines how four second language (L2) teacher's discursive practice changed as they attempted to implement dynamic assessment (DA) in their *** artifacts,lessons recordings,and reflection from two pre-service teachers and two in-service teachers,both before and after a professional development series on DA,were included in the *** revealed that all teachers' approaches to mediation *** Pre-DA lessons,teachers defaulted to recasts when attempting to provide *** the DA professional development series,all teachers expanded the discursive space by providing more prompts and fewer ***,findings illustrated that the four teachers appropriated DA to varying degrees,suggesting that some may have required additional mediation to appropriate all of the distinguishing features of *** discuss implications of these findings for teacher preparation.

关键词： corrective feedback dynamic assessment mediation sociocultural theory teacher development

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Porches

小学生时代（大嘴英语） 2021年第4期 22-25页

作者： Caroline Stutson kristin Abbott(图) 不详

Porches shelter when it *** ease us in,then out again,Offer shade for dogs and cats,Invite our friends to stop and chat.

关键词： she dogs friends

Use of antiarrhythmic drugs in elderly patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第3期8卷 184-194页

作者： Hon-Chi Lee kristin TL Huang Win-Kuang Shen Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic 200 First Street SW Rochester MN 55905 USA Harvard Medical School 25 Shattuck Street Boston MA 02115 USA Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Department oflnternal Medicine Mayo Clinic 13400 East Shea Blvd. Scottsdale AZ 85259 USA

Human aging is a global issue with important implications for current and future incidence and prevalence of health conditions and disability. Cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation, sudden cardiac death, and bradycardia requiring pacemaker placement, all increase exponentially after the age of 60. It is important to distinguish between the normal, physiological consequences of aging on cardiac electrophysiology and the abnormal, pathological alterations. The age-related cardiac changes include ventricular hypertrophy, senile amyloidosis, cardiac valvular degenerative changes and annular calcification, fibrous infiltration of the conduction system, and loss of natural pacemaker cells and these changes could have a profound effect on the development of arrhythmias. The age-related cardiac electrophysiological changes include up- and down-regulation of specific ion channel expression and intmcellular Ca2＋ overload which promote the development of cardiac arrhythmias. As ion channels are the substrates of antiarrhythmic drugs, it follows that the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these drugs will also change with age. Aging alters the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of antiarrhythmic drugs, so liver and kidney function must be monitored to avoid potential adverse drug effects, and antiarrhythmic dosing may need to be adjusted for age. Elderly patients are also more susceptible to the side effects of many antiarrhytbanics, including bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, urinary retention, and falls. Moreover, the choice of antiarrhythmic drugs in the elderly patient is frequently complicated by the presence of co-morbid conditions and by polypharmacy, and the astute physician must pay careful attention to potential drug-drug interactions. Finally, it is important to remember that the use of antiarrhythmic drugs in elderly patients must be individualized and tailored to each patient＇s physiology, disease processes, and medication

关键词： aging antiarrhythmic drugs pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics polypharmacy cardiac electrophysiology ion channels

Design innovation of mesoscale robotic swarms:applications to cooperative urban sensing and mapping

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019年第12期20卷 1618-1631页

作者： Audelia G.DHARMAWAN Gim Song SOH Shaohui FOONG Roland BOUFFANAIS kristin LWOOD Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372Singapore

Development of mesoscale robots is gaining interest in security and surveillance domains due to their stealth and portable nature in achieving *** design and development require a host of hardware,controls,and behavioral innovations to yield fast,energy-efficient,distributed,adaptive,robust,and scalable *** extensively describe one such design and development process by:(1)the genealogy of our embedded platforms;(2)the key system architecture and functional layout;(3)the developed and implemented design principles for mesoscale robotic systems;(4)the various key algorithms developed for effective collective operations of mesoscale robotic swarms,with applications to urban sensing and *** study includes our perception of the embedded hardware requirements for reliable operations of mesoscale robotic swarms and our description of the key innovations made in magnetic sensing,indoor localization,central pattern generator control,and distributed *** some elements of the design process of such a complex robotic system are inevitably ad-hoc,we focus on the system-of-systems design process and the component design *** system-of-systems process provides a basis for developing future systems in the field,and the designs represent the state-of-the-art development that may be benchmarked against and adapted to other applications.

关键词： System-of-systems design Mesoscale robot Swarm Urban sensing

Biological Removal of Nitrogen Compounds at a Coke-Oven Effluent Stream

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第6期4卷 400-406页

作者： Stig Morling Niclas Astrand Ann-kristin Lidar Sweco Environment StockholmSweden SSAB Oxelosund OxelosundSweden

The steel company SSAB in Oxel?sund, Sweden operates a coke-oven plant and has since a long time operated an activated sludge plant for treatment of effluent water. Along with more stringent requirements on discharge quality, especially focusing on nitrogen compounds and a new consent value for total nitrogen discharge (< 30 ppm of total N) the company decided to operate a pilot plant facility to investigate two major issues: 1) To define the conditions and restrictions for nitrification of ammonia nitrogen in the water;2) To find out how efficiently a denitrification would perform. In order to find answers to these questions SSAB hired a pilot plant for testing. The test facility is based on a single sludge activated sludge reactor system for biological nutrient removal, with a reactor volume of 3.8 m3. After a test period of 5 months it was possible to draw reliable conclusions regarding the performance. The untreated wastewater has a high content of total nitrogen, around 240 ppm. The major nitrogen part is ammonia nitrogen, but an important fraction is found as thiocyanate nitrogen. The following main conclusions were drawn from the test operation: · It was found to be crucial that the solids retention time (SRT) was kept at a sufficiently high level. During the successful operation the SRT was in the range of 40 - 50 days;· It is desirable to have an equalization basin upstream the main biological reactor to meet short time peak loads, defined as both flow and pollution;· The major toxic risks for the biological process were high thiocyanate and ammonia concentrations in the raw wastewater;· The system showed however a good microbiological capacity to acclimatize to the prevailing conditions after the needed time;· The tests did not include an optimization of the oxygen supply with respect to nitrification;however it was evident that the oxygen level was sufficient to maintain a complete nitrification at normal operating conditions;· Once the nitrification was

关键词： Single Stage Activated Sludge Pilot Plant Nitrification Coke-Oven Plant Toxicity Risks Solids Retention Time

Prescribing physical activity to prevent and manage gestational diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2013年第6期4卷 256-262页

作者： Sheri R Colberg kristin Castorino Lois Jovanovi Human Movement Sciences Department Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVA 23529United States Sansum Diabetes Research Institute Santa BarbaraCA 93105United States

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is the most prevalent metabolic disorder during *** diagnosed with GDM have a substantially greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes within 5-10 years after delivery,and the risk is increased by excess body *** hyperglycemia during pregnancy is potentially harmful to both mother and fetus,resulting in a greater need for Caesarian-section deliveries,delivery of larger infants with more excess body fat,a greater risk of infant death and stillbirth,and an elevated risk of infant hypoglycemia immediately after ***,engaging in physical activity prior to and during pregnancy may lower the risk of developing *** women should also be advised how to safely increase their physical activity during pregnancy and the postpartum *** initial approach to becoming more physically active can simply be to encourage women to incorporate more unstructured physical activity into daily living,both before and during *** women an appropriate exercise prescription can encourage them to participate in physical activity safely and effectively throughout pregnancy to prevent and/or manage *** in 30 min of moderate intensity physical activity on most,if not all,days of the week has been adopted as a recommendation for all pregnant women.

关键词： Gestational diabetes Pregnancy Physical activity Exercise prescription Blood glucose

The Use of Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Acute Kidney Injuries

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2022年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： kristin N. Sheehan Christopher T. Kelly Department of Internal Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston-Salem NC USA

Acute kidney injuries (AKI) are a common problem encountered by internists in the inpatient and outpatient setting. Uncovering the etiology becomes important in tailoring treatment. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), when used in conjunction with a patient’s history and physical exam, can quickly identify if hydronephrosis is present and shed light on the underlying etiology. In this article, we discuss how incorporating POCUS into the initial assessment of patients with an AKI can reduce the number of unnecessary and expensive formal renal ultrasounds and potentially expedite clinically appropriate treatment. The purpose of this review is to examine the benefits, reliability, and feasibility of POCUS to further evaluate and manage patients with AKI. An extensive review of the literature was performed and found POCUS to be a reliable and realistic method for internists to incorporate into their assessment of patients with AKI. In this article, we also provide instruction on how to perform a POCUS exam of the kidneys and how to identify hydronephrosis. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges we face and ideas for further practice including the emergence of hand-held ultrasounds.

关键词： POCUS Acute Kidney Injury Renal Ultrasound Hydronephrosis