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Modelling Regional land Change Scenarios to Assess land Abandonment and Reforestation Dynamics in the Pyrenees(France)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 905-920页

作者： laure A.VACQUIE Thomas HOUET Terry l.SOHl Ryan REKER kristi l.sayler GEODE laboratory Toulouse Jean Jaurès University U.S.Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center ASRC Federal – Inu Teq Contractor to U.S.Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center

Over the last decades and centuries,European mountain landscapes have experienced substantial *** and anthropogenic lUlC changes(land use and land cover changes), especially agro-pastoral activities,have directly influenced the spatial organization and composition of European mountain *** the past sixty years, natural reforestation has been occurring due to a decline in both agricultural production activities and rural ***, to better anticipate future changes,need spatially and temporally explicit models to identify areas at risk of land change and possible *** paper presents an integrated approach combining forecasting scenarios and a lUlC changes simulation model to assess where lUlC changes may occur in the Pyrenees Mountains,based on historical lUlC trends and a range of future socio-economic *** proposed methodologyconsiders local specificities of the Pyrenean valleys,sub-regional climate and topographical properties,and regional economic *** indicate that some regions are projected to face strong abandonment, regardless of the scenario ***, high rates of change are associated with administrative regions where land productivity is highly dependent on socio-economic drivers and climatic and environmental conditions limit intensive(agricultural and/or pastoral) production and *** combination of the results for the four scenarios allows assessments of where encroachment(*** by shrublands) and reforestation are the most *** assessment intends to provide insight into the potential future development of the Pyrenees to help identify areas that are the most sensitive to change and to guide decision makers to help their management decisions.

关键词： Pyrenees land use change land cover change land abandonment Mountain landscapeReforestation lUlC Model

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Is convenience really king? Comparative evaluation of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in the public and private healthcare sectors of Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 17-28页

作者： Nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo luan Nguyen Forse Rachel Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy Ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan Yen Thi Hoang Creswell Jacob Dang Thi Minh Ha Nguyen lan Huu Shedrawy Jad l?nnroth Knut Nguyen Tuan Dinh Van Dinh luong Annerstedt kristi Sidney Codlin Andrew James National lung Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for International TB Relief Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Global Public Health WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Background In Viet Nam, tuberculosis (TB) represents a devastating life-event with an exorbitant price tag, partly due to lost income from daily directly observed therapy in public sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its flexibility, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected households in the public and private *** Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 longitudinal patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privately treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National TB Program (NTP) in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a local adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool, participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income levels, direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using multivariate *** The pre-treatment median monthly household income was significantly higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was also significantly costlier (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;Plted in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost included being a single-person household [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unemployment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%CI: 2.64–44.60;Plated stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%CI: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Conclusions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face similarly high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the

关键词： Tuberculosis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative analysis Viet Nam

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Creating a Research Enterprise Framework for Transdisciplinary Networking to Address the Food-Energy-Water Nexus

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Engineering 2022年第4期8卷 95-100页

作者： Jie Zhuang Frank E.löffler Gary S.sayler Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Center for Environmental Biotechnology The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Microbiology The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA

Urbanization,population growth,and the accelerating consumption of food,energy,and water(FEW)resources bring unprecedented challenges for economic,environmental,and social(EES)*** is imperative to understand the potential impacts of FEW systems on the realization of the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as the world transitions from natural ecosystems to managed ecosystems at an accelerating rate.A major obstacle is the complexity and emergent behavior of FEW systems and associated networks,for which no single discipline can generate a holistic understanding or meaningful *** propose a research enterprise framework for promoting transdisciplinarity and top-down quantification of the interrelationships between FEW and EES *** enterprise efforts would emphasize increasing FEW resource accessibility by improving coordinated interplays across sectors and scales,expanding and diversifying supply-chain networks,and innovating technologies for efficient resource *** framework can guide the development of strategic solutions for diminishing the competition among FEW-consuming sectors in a region or country,and for minimizing existing inequalities in FEW availability when a sustainable development agenda is implemented.

关键词： Food Energy Water Stakeholder Policy Environmental sustainability

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Revision of failed transoral incisionless fundoplication by subsequent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第45期20卷 17115-17119页

作者： Awais Ashfaq Hyun K (Daniel) Rhee kristi l Harold Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Phoenix AZ 85054 United States

AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication after failed transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF).

关键词： Transoral incisionless fundoplication laparascopic Nissen fundoplication laparoscopy Gastroesophageal reflux disease Surgical complications

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Oxide-on-graphene field effect bio-ready sensors

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Nano Research 2014年第9期7卷 1263-1270页

作者： Bei Wang kristi l. liddell Junjie Wang Brandon Koger Christine D. Keating Jun Zhu Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA

Electrical detection schemes using nanoscale devices offer fast and label-free alternatives to biosensing techniques based on chemical and optical interactions. Here we report on the design, fabrication, and operation of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive field effect sensor arrays using large-area graphene sheets synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. In this scheme, HfO2 and SiO2 thin films are deposited atop the graphene sheet and play the dual role of the sensing interface, as well as the passivation layer protecting the channel and electrodes underneath from direct contact with the electrolyte. We further demonstrate the functionalization of the SiO2 surface with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane （APTMS）. The oxide-on-graphene sensors operate in solution with high stability and a high average mobility of 5,000 cm2/（V＇s）. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate pH sensing using the bare or the APTMS-functionalized SiO2 as the sensing surface. The measured sensitivities, 46 mV/pH and 43 mV/pH, respectively, agree well with existing studies. We further show that by applying the solution gate voltage in pulse, the hysteresis in the transfer curve of the graphene transducer can be eliminated, greatly improving the ionic potential resolution of the sensor. These experiments demonstrate the potential of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive field effect sensors in on-chip, label-free and real-time biosensing applications.

关键词： graphene biosensor pH sensor ISFET APTMS label-free

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Determinants of household catastrophic costs for drug sensitive tuberculosis patients in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第4期10卷 18-32页

作者： Beatrice Kirubi Jane Ong'angto Peter Nguhiu Knut lonnroth Aiban Rono kristi Sidney-Annerstedt Department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden WHO Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Social Medicine StockholmSweden The Health and Social Protection Action Research&Knowledge Sharing Network(SPARKS) StockholmSweden Centre for Respiratory Disease Research Kenya Medical Research InstituteNairobiKenya Health Economics Research Unit KEMRI-WellcomeTrust Research ProgramNairobiKenya Monitoring Evaluation&ResearchNational TuberculosisLeprosy and Lung Disease ProgramMinistry of HealthNairobiKenya

Background::Despite free diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis(TB),the costs during treatment impose a significant financial burden on patients and their *** study sought to identify the determinants for cata-strophic costs among patients with drug-sensitive TB(DSTB)and their households in ***::The data was collected during the 2017 Kenya national patient cost survey from a nationally representative sample(n=1071).Treatment related costs and productivity losses were *** costs exceeding 20%of household income were defined as catastrophic and used as the *** Poisson regression analysis was performed to measure the association between selected individual,household and disease characteristics and occurrence of catastrophic costs.A deterministic sensitivity analysis was carried using different thresholds and the significant predictors were ***::The proportion of catastrophic costs among DSTB patients was 27%(n=294).Patients with catastrophic costs had higher median productivity losses,39 h[interquartile range(IQR):20-104],and total median costs of USD 567(IQR:299-1144).The incidence of catastrophic costs had a dose response with household *** poorest quintile was 6.2 times[95%confidence intervals(CI):4.0-9.7]more likely to incur catastrophic costs compared to the *** prevalence of catastrophic costs decreased with increasing household expenditure quintiles(proportion of catastrophic costs:59.7%,32.9%,23.6%,15.9%,and 9.5%)from the lowest quintile(Q1)to the highest quintile(Q5).Other determinants included hospitalization:prevalence ratio(PR)=2.8(95%CI:1.8-4.5)and delayed treatment:PR=1.5(95%CI:1.3-1.7).Protective factors included receiving care at a public health facility:PR=0.8(95%CI:0.6-1.0),and a higher body mass index(BMI):PR=0.97(95%CI:0.96-0.98).Pre TB expenditure,hospitalization and BMI were significant predictors in all sensitivity analysis ***::There are signif

关键词： Tuberculosis Health expenditure Income loss Social protection Kenya

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食物-能源-水钮带关系研究能否与农业创新保持同步?

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Engineering 2023年第4期23卷 24-28页

作者：庄杰, Tom Gill Frank E.löffler 金明洲 Gary S.sayler Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Center for Environmental Biotechnology The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Agricultural leadership Education and CommunicationsThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Smith Center for International Agriculture The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Microbiology The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

***,The interconnection among food-energy-water(FEW)systems in meeting societal demands is broadly acknowledged[1].Similarly,competitive or synergistic allocations of water and energy resources for agricultural production,manufacturing,and human consumption are understood,and their economic impacts can be predicted[2].Far less appreciated and understood are the outcomes of the FEW nexus in response to operation changes in agricultural practices and the associated technological innovations for future generations[3,4].Also,the inter-scale and feedback effects of emerging technology-driven resource reallocation and decision-making on FEW systems are largely *** example,how do the agroeconomic feedbacks of intelligent technologies influence the FEW nexus of agricultural production under environmental and demographic changes?How does the necessary water allocation for powering non-powered dams and pumped-storage hydropower generation influence agricultural production and municipal water supply maintenance?How do solar and wind energy farms influence land use for agriculture and the rural economy?

关键词： agricultural understood allocation

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Perceptions of the effectiveness of Advanced Practice Nurses on a neurosurgery unit in a Canadian Tertiary Care Centre:A pre-and-post implementation design

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2018年第2期5卷 138-143页

作者： Alanna M.Keenan Erin E.Mutterback kristi M.Velthuizen Monika E.Pantalone Kira l.Gossack-Keenan The Ottawa Hospital OttawaOntarioCanada University of Ottawa OttawaOntarioCanada McMaster University HamiltonOntarioCanada

Objectives:A framework for the advanced practice nurse(APN)role was developed in our Canadian Tertiary Care Centre,delineating five domains of advanced nursing practice:clinical practice,consultation,research,education and *** goal of this study was to evaluate perceptions of the effectiveness of the implementation of an innovative APN role on an in-patient Neurosurgery ***:A pre-and-post implementation design,incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data,was *** innovative APN role was implemented within the Neurosurgery program focusing on the clinical domain and required the successful candidates to be NP *** APN role was designed to improve patient flow,documentation,communication and patient and staff *** primary outcomes were measured:pre-implementation questionnaire(nurses),post-implementation questionnaire(nurses and residents)and number of pages to the on-call ***:Survey scores by nurses and residents indicated improvement across all aspects *** scores increased from 1.1 to 2.6,reflecting an overall statistically significant *** number of pages to the on-call resident also showed a ***:Perceptions of patient care delivery and professional collaboration improved following implementation of the APN *** indicated that APNs significantly impacted patient care and improved nurses and residents'job satisfaction.

关键词： Advanced practice nursing Delivery of health care Patient care team Pre-post tests Professional practice gaps

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Attachment Styles Among Bullies, Victims and Uninvolved Adolescents

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Psychology Research 2012年第3期2卷 160-165页

作者： kristi Koiv University ofTartu Tartu Estonia

Attachment theory provides a frame for understanding the role of attachment styles in the development of bullying behaviour in adolescence. The present study examined attachment styles (secure, avoidant and anxious/ambivalent) that differentiated bullies, victims, bully/victims and uninvolved adolescents. A total of 1,921 students (1,006 girls and 915 boys) in grades four through nine (ages 10 to 18 years old) completed a peer-reported measure (peer nomination inventory: D. G. Perry, Kusel, & l. C. Perry, 1988) to determine the status of bullying behaviour (bullies N = 178; victims N = 168; and bully/victims N = 16) and a self-reported measure to examine attachment style (multiple-item attachment scale: Simpson, 1990). A one-way ANOVA indicated that: (1) Bullies had higher scores in avoidant attachment scales than victims and non-participants of bullying; and (2) Victims demonstrated higher levels of insecure attachment than bullies and uninvolved adolescents. Findings reflected the role of insecure attachment as a risk factor in the development of bullying behaviour in adolescence-bullies were at risk when their current attachment styles were avoidant and victims when their attachment styles were insecure.

关键词：青少年风格霸王受害者方差分析表项目规模调查结果危险因素

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Weekday vs weekend endoscopy: Is there a true difference in patient outcomes? A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2014年第2期2卷 29-35页

作者： Alisha M Hinds Dina Ahmad kristi T lopez Michelle l Matteson-Kome Matthew l Bechtold Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Missouri School of Medicine

AIM:To evaluate the"weekend effect"on outcomes in patient admitted on the weekend for upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB).METHODS:A comprehensive search was performed(March 2014).Studies comparing weekend and weekday endoscopy in patients with UGIB were *** studies had at least 2 of 3 primary outcomes which included:mortality,need for surgery,time to endoscopy,endoscopy on admission day,and length of hospital *** authors individually extracted *** was performed using pooled estimates with odds ratio or mean difference by fixed and random effects ***:Eleven studies met the inclusion *** admitted with UGIB on the weekend exhibited a statistically significant increase in mortality(OR=1.13;95%CI:1.06-1.20;Plly significant less endoscopy on day of admission(OR=0.72;95%CI:0.62-0.85;Plength of hospital stay(MD-1.29;95%CI:-3.03-0.45;P=0.15).CONClUSION:A weekend effect seems to be apparent in patients with UGIB with significantly poorer outcomes.

关键词： Weekend Weekday Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Endoscopy Meta-analysis

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