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中国成年人体重与死亡率的关系

中华内分泌代谢杂志 2007年第4期23卷 294-300页

作者：顾东风 HE Jiang 段秀芳吴锡桂 kristi reynolds CHEN Jing 黄广勇 CHEN Chung Shiuan Paul K.Whelton 陈纪春阜外心血管病医院卫生部心血管病防治研究中心中国医学科学院协和医科大学阜外心血管病医院卫生部心血管病防治研究中心北京100037 Tulane大学公共卫生学院

目的探讨中国成年人体重指数(BMI)与死亡率的关系。方法本项前瞻性队列研究包括全国40岁以上男性和女性共169 871人。1991年采用标准化方案进行基线调查获得体重和其它各项数据,1999年至2000年对该人群进行了全部死亡原因的随访,应答率9... 详细信息

目的探讨中国成年人体重指数(BMI)与死亡率的关系。方法本项前瞻性队列研究包括全国40岁以上男性和女性共169 871人。1991年采用标准化方案进行基线调查获得体重和其它各项数据,1999年至2000年对该人群进行了全部死亡原因的随访,应答率93.4%(n=158 666)。结果排除体重或身高缺失的数据后,共分析了154 736名成年人的资料。在调整年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、文化程度、地域以及城乡等因素后,BMI与全因死亡率之间呈"U"型相关(p<0.01)。若以BMI 24.0～24.9 kg/m^2者为参照组,BMI<18.5、18.5～19.9、20.0～20.9、21.0～21.9、22.0～22.9、23.0～23.9、25.0～26.9、27.0～29.9和≥30.0 kg/m^2组的全因死亡相对危险度分别为1.65(95%CI,1.54-1.77)、1.31(95%CI,1.***.1.41)、1.20(95%CI,1.11-1.29)、1.12(95%CI,1.04-1.21)、1.11(95%CI,1.03-1.20)、1.09(95%CI,1.***.1.19)、1.00(95%CI,0.92-1.08)、1.15(95%CI,1.***.1.24)和1.29(95%CI,,1.16-1.42)。即使排除了现在或曾经吸烟者、酗酒者、基线检查有慢性疾病者、基线调查后3年内死亡者,这种"U"型关系仍然存在。BMI与心血管疾病、癌症以及其它死因死亡率之间均有类似关系。结论中国成年人群低体重和肥胖都与死亡率的增加有关,建议在所有种族和民族中采用一个共同标准来定义超重和肥胖。

关键词：体重指数超重肥胖症全因死亡率前瞻性研究

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中国成年人主要死亡原因及其危险因素

中国慢性病预防与控制 2006年第3期14卷 149-154页

作者：顾东风 Jiang He 吴锡桂段秀芳姚崇华王家良 kristi reynolds Chung-Shiuan Chen Michael J．Klag Paul K．Whelton 中国医学科学院协和医科大学阜外心血管病医院卫生部心血管病防治研究中心北京100037 Tulane大学公共卫生学院美国新奥尔良首都医科大学附属安贞医院北京100029 四川大学华西医学院四川成都610041 美国JohnsHopkins大学医学院美国巴尔的摩

目的调查我国成人的主要死亡原因及其可改变的主要危险因素。方法前瞻性队列研究。该队列包括169871名≥40岁男女性有代表性样本,基线调查于1991年,于1999和2000年进行随访,随访率为93.4%。结果我国40～64岁人群中,恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾... 详细信息

目的调查我国成人的主要死亡原因及其可改变的主要危险因素。方法前瞻性队列研究。该队列包括169871名≥40岁男女性有代表性样本,基线调查于1991年,于1999和2000年进行随访,随访率为93.4%。结果我国40～64岁人群中,恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病和心脏病死亡率分别为265.9/10万人.年、171.5/10万人.年和159.1/10万人.年,高于美国同年龄人群。高血压的全死因相对危险性和人群归因危险度(PAR)分别为1.48%(95%CI1.44～1.53),11.7%;与未患高血压的人群相比,高血压患者总死亡率高48%,若高血压得到有效控制,预计全人群的全死因死亡将下降11.7%。吸烟、缺乏体力活动分别为第2、3位主要死亡原因,吸烟、缺乏体力活动PAR分别是7.9%和6.8%。男性的前5位死因为恶性肿瘤、心脏病、脑血管疾病、意外伤害和传染病;女性前5位死因为心脏病、脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、肺炎、流感和传染性疾病。结论血管疾病和癌症是中国成年人死亡的主要原因。控制血压、戒烟、增加体力活动和改善营养等方法是降低中国成年人早死负担的重要策略。

关键词：队列研究慢性病人群归因危险度

补充叶酸对心血管病患病风险的影响：随机对照试验汇总分析

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2007年第3期26卷 188-188页

作者： Lydia A. Bazzano, MD, PhD kristi reynolds, PhD Kevin N. Holder, MD 张鹏（译）

背景：流行病学研究提示，摄入叶酸可降低心血管病患病风险。但是，目前有关叶酸食用补充品的随机对照试验并未得出一致结论。

关键词：随机对照试验患病风险心血管病叶酸可汇总分析流行病学食用

Prenatal nicotine alters development of the laterodorsal tegmentum:Possible role for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and drug dependence

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第2期12卷 212-235页

作者： Filip S Polli kristi A Kohlmeier Drug Design and Pharmacology University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2100Denmark

As we cycle between the states of wakefulness and sleep,a bilateral cholinergic nucleus in the pontine brain stem,the laterodorsal tegmentum(LDT),plays a critical role in controlling salience processing,attention,behavioral arousal,and electrophysiological signatures of the sub-and microstates of *** involving abnormal alterations in behavioral and motivated states,such as drug dependence,likely involve dysfunctions in LDT *** addition,as the LDT exhibits connectivity with the thalamus and mesocortical circuits,as well as receives direct,excitatory input from the prefrontal cortex,a role for the LDT in cognitive symptoms characterizing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)including impulsivity,inflexibility,and dysfunctions of attention is *** nicotine exposure(PNE)is associated with a higher risk for later life development of drug dependence and ADHD,suggesting alteration in development of brain regions involved in these *** has been shown to alter glutamate and cholinergic signaling within the *** glutamate and acetylcholine are major excitatory mediators,these alterations would likely alter excitatory output to target regions in limbic motivational circuits and to thalamic and cortical networks mediating executive ***,PNE alters neuronal development and transmission within prefrontal cortex and limbic areas that send input to the LDT,which would compound effects of differential processing within the PNE *** taken together,alterations in signaling in the LDT are likely to play a role in negative behavioral outcomes seen in PNE individuals,including a heightened risk of drug dependence and ADHD behaviors.

关键词： Prenatal nicotine exposure Pregnancy outcome Addiction risk Laterodorsal tegmentum Arousal Attention

Revision of failed transoral incisionless fundoplication by subsequent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第45期20卷 17115-17119页

作者： Awais Ashfaq Hyun K (Daniel) Rhee kristi L Harold Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Phoenix AZ 85054 United States

AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication after failed transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF).

关键词： Transoral incisionless fundoplication Laparascopic Nissen fundoplication Laparoscopy Gastroesophageal reflux disease Surgical complications

Modelling Regional Land Change Scenarios to Assess Land Abandonment and Reforestation Dynamics in the Pyrenees(France)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 905-920页

作者： Laure A.VACQUIE Thomas HOUET Terry L.SOHL Ryan REKER kristi L.SAYLER GEODE Laboratory Toulouse Jean Jaurès University U.S.Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center ASRC Federal – Inu Teq Contractor to U.S.Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center

Over the last decades and centuries,European mountain landscapes have experienced substantial *** and anthropogenic LULC changes(land use and land cover changes), especially agro-pastoral activities,have directly influenced the spatial organization and composition of European mountain *** the past sixty years, natural reforestation has been occurring due to a decline in both agricultural production activities and rural ***, to better anticipate future changes,need spatially and temporally explicit models to identify areas at risk of land change and possible *** paper presents an integrated approach combining forecasting scenarios and a LULC changes simulation model to assess where LULC changes may occur in the Pyrenees Mountains,based on historical LULC trends and a range of future socio-economic *** proposed methodologyconsiders local specificities of the Pyrenean valleys,sub-regional climate and topographical properties,and regional economic *** indicate that some regions are projected to face strong abandonment, regardless of the scenario ***, high rates of change are associated with administrative regions where land productivity is highly dependent on socio-economic drivers and climatic and environmental conditions limit intensive(agricultural and/or pastoral) production and *** combination of the results for the four scenarios allows assessments of where encroachment(*** by shrublands) and reforestation are the most *** assessment intends to provide insight into the potential future development of the Pyrenees to help identify areas that are the most sensitive to change and to guide decision makers to help their management decisions.

关键词： Pyrenees Land use change Land cover change Land abandonment Mountain landscapeReforestation LULC Model

Oxide-on-graphene field effect bio-ready sensors

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Nano Research 2014年第9期7卷 1263-1270页

作者： Bei Wang kristi L. Liddell Junjie Wang Brandon Koger Christine D. Keating Jun Zhu Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA

Electrical detection schemes using nanoscale devices offer fast and label-free alternatives to biosensing techniques based on chemical and optical interactions. Here we report on the design, fabrication, and operation of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive field effect sensor arrays using large-area graphene sheets synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. In this scheme, HfO2 and SiO2 thin films are deposited atop the graphene sheet and play the dual role of the sensing interface, as well as the passivation layer protecting the channel and electrodes underneath from direct contact with the electrolyte. We further demonstrate the functionalization of the SiO2 surface with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane （APTMS）. The oxide-on-graphene sensors operate in solution with high stability and a high average mobility of 5,000 cm2/（V＇s）. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate pH sensing using the bare or the APTMS-functionalized SiO2 as the sensing surface. The measured sensitivities, 46 mV/pH and 43 mV/pH, respectively, agree well with existing studies. We further show that by applying the solution gate voltage in pulse, the hysteresis in the transfer curve of the graphene transducer can be eliminated, greatly improving the ionic potential resolution of the sensor. These experiments demonstrate the potential of oxide-on-graphene ion-sensitive field effect sensors in on-chip, label-free and real-time biosensing applications.

关键词： graphene biosensor pH sensor ISFET APTMS label-free

Attachment Styles Among Bullies, Victims and Uninvolved Adolescents

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Psychology Research 2012年第3期2卷 160-165页

作者： kristi Koiv University ofTartu Tartu Estonia

Risk Factors for Abuse in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Presenting at a Pediatric Tertiary Care Hospital

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Congenital Heart Disease 2023年第6期18卷 657-670页

作者： kristi K.Westphaln Karen Kay Imagawa Lorena Espinosa Smith Julia Srivastava Nancy A.Pike School of Nursing University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital Los AngelesAudrey Hepburn CARES CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Pediatrics Critical Care MedicineChildren’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Pediatrics Heart Institute Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Background:Congenital heart disease(CHD)is a chronic medical condition often diagnosed at birth and requires surgical intervention,multiple hospitalizations,and lifelong *** can put signiﬁcant stress on the family,leading to altered maternal mental health,bonding and attachment issues,and the potential for child *** purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of a sample of young children with CHD who experienced hospitalization with concurrent concern for child abuse in a free-standing pediatric tertiary care ***:Electronic medical records were reviewed for children aged 0–5 years old who were hospitalized with concern for child abuse between 2016 and *** were extracted related to the history of presenta-tion,and sociodemographics including SDOH,admission,and discharge condition/*** statis-tics were used to characterize the sample and correlations to identify an association with abuse ***:Out of 251 hospitalizations involving concern for child abuse,49(19.5%)had a diagnosis of *** majority of cases were neglect(51%),<1 year of age(80%),male(57%),Hispanic ethnicity(45%),and publicly insured(90%).CHD severity was moderate to severe(71%)with multiple co-occurring medical conditions(genetic syn-drome,failure to thrive(FTT),prematurity,history of a feeding tube,developmental delay,and intrauterine drug exposure).Correlations associated with physical abuse were age,maternal mental health,head injury,and history of Child Protective Services(CPS)*** correlated with age,FTT,head injury,history of a feeding tube,previous CPS involvement,and substance *** speciﬁcally related to prenatal substance use included age,maternal mental health status,history of domestic violence,CPS involvement,feeding tube,FTT,lack of housing,employment status,and public ***:Our study highlights the risk for abuse in children with CHD,regardless of defect *** most com

关键词： Child maltreatment intrauterine substance exposure failure to thrive