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Physical properties of lunar craters

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第3期17卷 23-38页

作者： Maitri P. joshi Kushal R Bhatt Rajmal Jain Shri Maneklal M.Patel Institute of Sciences and Research Kadi Sarva VishwavidhyalayaGandhinagar-382015India

The surface of the Moon is highly cratered due to impacts of meteorites, asteroids, comets and other celestial objects. The origin, size, structure, age and composition vary among craters. We study a total of 339 craters observed by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera （LROC）. Out of these 339 craters, 214 craters are known （named craters included in the IAU Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature） and 125 craters are unknown （craters that are not named and objects that are absent in the IAU Gazetteer）. We employ images taken by LROC at the North and South Poles and near side of the Moon. We report for the first time the study of unknown craters, while we also review the study of known craters conducted earlier by previous researchers. Our study is focused on measurements of diameter, depth, latitude and longitude of each crater for both known and unknown craters. The diameter measurements are based on considering the Moon to be a spherical body. The LROC website also provides a plot which enables us to measure the depth and diameter. We found that out of 214 known craters, 161 craters follow a linear relationship between depth （d） and diameter （D）, but 53 craters do not follow this linear relationship. We study physical dimensions of these 53 craters and found that either the depth does not change significantly with diameter or the depths are extremely high relative to diameter （conical）. Similarly, out of 125 unknown craters, 78 craters follow the linear relationship between depth （d） and diameter （D） but 47 craters do not follow the linear relationship. We propose that the craters following the scaling law of depth and diameter, also popularly known as the linear relationship between d and D, are formed by the impact of meteorites having heavy metals with larger dimension, while those with larger diameter but less depth are formed by meteorites/celestial objects having low density material but larger diameter. The craters with very high depth and with very small d

关键词： Moon meteorites meteors meteoroids- planets and satellites: surfaces

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Mitigating and Monitoring Smart City Using Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1059-1079页

作者： Sudan Jha Lewis Nkenyereye Gyanendra Prasad joshi Eunmok Yang School of Computer Science and Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityPunjab144411India Department of Computer and Information Security Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer Engineering Kongju National UniversityGongju32588Korea

The present trends in smart world reflects the extensive use of limited resources through information and communication *** limited resources like space,mobility,energy,etc.,have been consumed rigorously towards creating optimized but smart ***,a new concept of IoT integrated smart city vision is yet to be proposed which includes a combination of systems like noise and air loss monitoring,web monitoring and fire detection systems,smart waste bin systems,etc.,that have not been clearly addressed in the previous *** paper focuses on developing an effective system for possible monitoring of losses,traffic management,thus innovating smart city at large with digitalized and integrated systems and software for fast and effective *** our proposed system,a real time data analysis is *** data are collected by various sensors to analyze different factors that are responsible for such *** proposed work is validated on a real case study.

关键词： Internet of Things smart city environmental impairments pollution temperature

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Tectonochemistry and p-t Conditions of Ramgarh and Almora Gneisses from Askot Klippe,Kumaun Lesser Himalaya

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第2期93卷 322-343页

作者： Biraja P.DAS Mallickarjvm joshi Ashutosh KUM AR Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University

The chemical and petrological correlation of metamorphic nappes and klippes overlying the Proterozoic sedimentary units in the Kumaun Himalaya is still debated. The Ramgarh and Almora gneisses, not previously distinguished in the Askot Klippe, show distinct field, petrological and chemical signatures markedly similar to the tectonostratigraphic disposition of the Almora Nappe. A negative Eu anomaly in the Ramgarh granitic gneisses indicates lesser plagioclase fractionation while the Eu anomaly in the Almora pelitic gneisses is likely to have been controlled by feldspar crystallization in restites. During the anatexis at > 776°C temperature and >6.6 kbar pressure, the melt moved slightly away to its crystallization sites. The Rb/Sr ratio ?0.54 and Nb ?10 ppm is consistent with the granodioritic composition. The negative Sr anomaly in the underlying Ramgarh granitic gneisses indicates a distinct mantle derived source/plagioclase fractionation with a notable correspondence to other late orogenic granites, particularly the basement Ulleri gneisses from the Nepal Himalaya. Ramgarh gneisses plot in the late-and post-COLG field. The Askot ensemble is likely to be the tectonometamorphically reworked basement, viz. the Ramgarh Group along with its metapelitic cover o f the Almora Group, together comprising southward thrust remnants of the leading edge of the Indian Plate that collided with Tibet during the Tertiary Himalayan orogeny.

关键词： geochemistry thermobarometry Almora gneiss Ramgarh gneiss Almora Nappe Askot Klippe

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Response of drainage to tectonics and PS-InSAR derived deformation study in Bilaspur,northwestern Himalaya,India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 205-218页

作者： Moulishree joshi Girish Ch Kothyari Kapil Malik Ajay Kumar Taloor Department of Geology Kumaun University NainitalIndia Institute of Seismological Research GandhinagarGujaratIndia IIT Indian School of Mines DhanbadIndia Department of Remote Sensing and GIS University of JammuJammuIndia

The study of drainage patterns in tectonically active regions is conducive to the prediction of regional *** subsurface changes can be detected by drainage conditions and manifested in the form of drainage *** Satluj valley of Bilaspur,which is traversed by numerous faults in northwest Himalayan region,was selected to analyze the effect of active tectonics on drainage *** the Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(PS-InSAR)technique,SENTINEL-1A data were used to estimate the active surface deformation between September 2015 and December *** results show that the region between Barasar Thrust(BrT)and Main Central Thrust(MCT)is undergoing deformation of±12 mm/*** Stream Power Incision Model(SPIM)was used to predict deformation *** validate the tectonic activity generated by the drainage network,seismic bvalues were calculated,indicating the accumulating *** study shows the importance of drainage anomalies in tectonically active *** used in close combination with other seismotectonic parameters,drainage anomalies can be effective in delineating tectonically active regions.

关键词： Geomorphology Deformation Satluj river Himachal Himalaya

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Automated Brain Tumor Diagnosis Using Deep Residual U-Net Segmentation Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 2179-2194页

作者： R.Poonguzhali Sultan Ahmad P.Thiruvannamalai Sivasankar S.Anantha Babu Pranav joshi Gyanendra Prasad joshi Sung Won Kim Department of Computer Science and Engineering Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and TechnologyThanjavur613403India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jain Deemed to-be UniversityBangalore560069India Department of Neurology Annapurna Neuro HospitalKathmandu44600Nepal Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do38541Korea

Automated segmentation and classification of biomedical images act as a vital part of the diagnosis of brain tumors(BT).A primary tumor brain analysis suggests a quicker response from treatment that utilizes for improving patient survival *** location and classification of BTs from huge medicinal images database,obtained from routine medical tasks with manual processes are a higher cost together in effort and *** automatic recognition,place,and classifier process was desired and *** study introduces anAutomatedDeepResidualU-Net Segmentation with Classification model(ADRU-SCM)for Brain Tumor *** presentedADRUSCM model majorly focuses on the segmentation and classification of *** accomplish this,the presented ADRU-SCM model involves wiener filtering(WF)based preprocessing to eradicate the noise that exists in *** addition,the ADRU-SCM model follows deep residual U-Net segmentation model to determine the affected brain ***,VGG-19 model is exploited as a feature ***,tunicate swarm optimization(TSO)with gated recurrent unit(GRU)model is applied as a classification model and the TSO algorithm effectually tunes *** performance validation of the ADRU-SCM model was tested utilizing FigShare dataset and the outcomes pointed out the better performance of the ADRU-SCM approach on recent approaches.

关键词： Brain tumor diagnosis image classification biomedical images image segmentation deep learning

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Quantitative prediction of residual wetting film generated in mobilizing a two-phase liquid in a capillary model

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Petroleum 2015年第4期1卷 342-348页

作者： Harsh joshi Liming Dai Industrial Systems Engineering University of ReginaReginaSK S4S 0A2Canada

This research studies the motion of immiscible two-phase liquid flow in a capillary tube through a numerical approach employing the volume of fluid method,for simulating the core-annular flow and water flooding in oil reservoirs of porous *** specifically,the simulations are a representation of water flooding at a pore scale.A capillary tube model is established with ANSYS Fluent and *** numerical results matches well with the existing data available in the *** of a less viscous liquid in a liquid of higher viscosity and the development of a residual wetting film of the higher viscosity liquid are thoroughly *** effects of Capillary number,Reynolds Number and Viscosity ratio on the residual wetting film are studied in detail,as the thickness is directly related to the residual oil left in the porous media after water *** should be noticed that the liquids considered in this research can be any liquids of different viscosity not necessarily oil and *** results of this study can be used as guidance in the field of water flooding.

关键词： Capillary model Residual wetting film Higher viscosity liquid Water flooding Numerical simulation Immiscible flow Oil slug mobilization

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Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of DNA vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2016年第4期30卷 304-313页

作者： Sukhbir Kaur Tejinder Kaur Jyoti joshi Parasitology Laboratory Department of Zoology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India

The current study was designed to examine the protective efficacy of DNA vaccines based on gp63 and Hsp70 against murine visceral leishmaniasis. Inbred BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously twice at an interval of three weeks with pcDNA3.1 （＋） encoding T cell epitopes of gp63 and Hsp70 individually and in combination. Animals were challenged intracardially with 107 promastigotes ofLeishmania donovani 10 days post immunization and sacrificed 1,2 and 3 months post challenge. The immunized animals revealed a significant reduction （P 〈 0.05） in splenic and hepatic parasite burden as compared to the infected controls. Maximum reduction in parasite load （P 〈 0.05） was observed in animals treated with a combination ofpcDNA/gp63 and pcDNA/Hsp70. These animals also showed heightened DTH response, increased IgG2a, elevated Thl cytokines （IFN-γ and IL-2） and reduced IgG 1 and IL-10 levels. Thus, mice immunized with the cocktail vaccine exhibited significantly greater protection in comparison to those immunized with individual antigens.

关键词： visceral leishmaniasis DNA vaccine T-cell epitopes gp63 Hsp70

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Snow Cover Variation and Streamflow Simulation in a Snow-fed River Basin of the Northwest Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第6期9卷 853-868页

作者： Vaibhav SHARMA V.D.MISHRA P.K.joshi Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment Him ParisarSector 37AChandigarh 160036India TERI University New Delhi-110070India

Snowmelt is an important component of any snow-fed river *** Jhelum River is one such transnational mountain river flowing through India and *** basin is minimally glacierized and its discharge is largely governed by seasonal snow cover and ***,accurate estimation of seasonal snow cover dynamics and snowmeltinduced runoff is important for sustainable water resource management in the *** present study looks into spatio-temporal variations of snow cover for past decade and stream flow simulation in the Jhelum River *** cover extent(SCE) was estimated using MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) sensor *** Difference Snow Index(NDSI) algorithm was used to generate multi-temporal time series snow cover *** results indicate large variation in snow cover distribution pattern and decreasing trend in different sub-basins of the Jhelum *** relationship between SCE-temperature,SCE-discharge and discharge-precipitation was analyzed for different seasons and shows strong *** streamflow simulation of the entire Jhelum basin Snow melt Runoff Model(SRM) used.A good correlation was observed between simulated stream flow and in-situ *** monthly discharge contribution from different sub-basins to the total discharge of the Jhelum River was estimated using a modified version of runoff model based on temperature-index approach developed for small *** power - an indicator of the erosive capability of streams was also calculated for different sub-basins.

关键词： Snow cover extent(SCE) Streamflow Snow Melt Runoff Model(SRM) Normalized Difference Snow Index(NDSI) Jhelum basin Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer(MODIS)

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Overview of an early warning system for Glacial Lake outburst flood risk mitigation in Dudh-Koshi Basin, Nepal

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2021年第3期13卷 206-219页

作者： Sanjaya Gurung Saroj Dhoj joshi Binod Parajuli Real Time Solutions Pvt.Ltd. Lalitpur 44700Nepal Department of Hydrology and Meteorology Kathmandu 44600Nepal

Natural disasters inflict severe damage on almost the entire spectrum of social and natural habitats. This ranges from housing and shelter, water, food, health, sanitation to information and communication networks, supply of power and energy,transportation infrastructure, and others. Nepal is a risk prone country for Glacial Lake Outburst Flood(GLOF). GLOFs exist as major challenges as they repeatedly cause a heavy toll of life and property. During such a disaster, major challenges are indeed the protection of life, property and vital life-supporting infrastructure. Any delay or laxity in disaster relief can escalate the magnitude of distress for the victims. Thus, rather than trying to take curative measures, it is better to minimize the impacts of GLOF. These measures subsequently help in reducing the magnitude of death and casualties due to a GLOF event. This reduction of impact is often achieved by optimizing preventive measures. For applying necessary deterrent measures, it is essential to disseminate information about the danger beforehand. Early Warning System(EWS) is an important step for such information dissemination for GLOF disaster management and helps to anticipate the risk of disaster and disseminate information to lives at risk. It is impossible and impractical to reduce all GLOF risks, but it is possible to reduce several impacts of a GLOF through the implementation of the EWS. This paper presents the design and implementation of an EWS for monitoring potential outbursts of a glacier lake in the Dudh-Koshi Basin, Nepal.

关键词： glacier climate change early warning system glacial lake outburst flood

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Cu–Co–O nano-catalysts as a burn rate modifier for composite solid propellants

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第4期12卷 297-304页

作者： D. Chaitanya Kumar RAO Narendra YADAV Puran Chandra joshi Space Engineering and Rocketry Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi 835215 India

Nano-catalysts containing copper–cobalt oxides(Cu–Co–O) have been synthesized by the citric acid(CA) complexing method. Copper(II) nitrate and Cobalt(II) nitrate were employed in different molar ratios as the starting reactants to prepare three types of nano-catalysts. Well crystalline nano-catalysts were produced after a period of 3 hours by the calcination of CA–Cu–Co–O precursors at 550 °C. The phase morphologies and crystal composition of synthesized nano-catalysts were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) methods. The particle size of nano-catalysts was observed in the range of 90 nm–200 nm. The prepared nano-catalysts were used to formulate propellant samples of various compositions which showed high reactivity toward the combustion of HTPB/AP-based composite solid propellants. The catalytic effects on the decomposition of propellant samples were found to be significant at higher temperatures. The combustion characteristics of composite solid propellants were significantly improved by the incorporation of nano-catalysts. Out of the three catalysts studied in the present work, Cu Co-I was found to be the better catalyst in regard to thermal decomposition and burning nature of composite solid propellants. The improved performance of composite solid propellant can be attributed to the high crystallinity, low agglomeration and lowering the decomposition temperature of oxidizer by the addition of Cu Co-I nano-catalyst.

关键词： Metal oxides Nano-catalysts Solid propellant Burn rate Surface morphology Thermal analysis

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