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Classification of Hourly Clearness Index of Solar Radiation in the District of Yamoussoukro

Energy and Power Engineering 2019年第5期11卷 220-231页

作者： Siaman Paule Carine Yeboua Yao N’Goran kouakou Konan Laboratory of Electricity and Energy Conversion (ECEN) Polytechnic National Institute Felix Houphouet-Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Physics of Condensed Matter and Technology (LPMCT) UFR SSMT University Félix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The exploitation of systems using solar energy as a source of energy is not fluctuations free because of short passage of clouds on solar radiation. The amplitude, the persistence and the frequency of these fluctuations should be analyzed with appropriate tools, instead of focusing on their location over time. The analysis of these fluctuations should use the instantaneous clearness index whose distribution is given as a first approximation which is independent not only of the season but also of the site. It is important to evaluate the potential solar energy in a region. Indeed such evaluation helps the decision-makers in their reflections on agricultural or photovoltaic solar projects. Then this study was conducted for a predictive purpose. The method used in our work combines the classification method which is the hierarchical ascending classification and two partitioning methods, the principal component?analysis and the K-means method. The partitioning method enabled to?achieve a number of well-known situations (in advance) that are representative of the day. The study was based on the data of a climatic weather station in the district of Yamoussoukro located in the center region of Côte d’Ivoire during the 2017 year. Using the clearness index, the study allowed the classification of the solar radiation in the region. Thus, it showed that only 346 days of the 365 days in 2017 were classified (95%). We identified three clusters of days, the cloudy sky (29%), the partly cloudy sky?(32%) and the clear sky (39%). The statistical tests used for the characterization?of these clusters will be detailed in a future study.

关键词： Clearness Index Hierarchical Clustering Principal Component Analysis K-Means Method Classification

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Spectrum of Acute Non Traumatic Diffuse Secondary Peritonitis in the Tropics

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Surgical Science 2020年第5期11卷 89-98页

作者： Mamadou Traore kouakou Ibrahim Anzoua Kouamé Bernadin kouakou Ismael Kalou Leh Bi Ahou Bernadette N’dri Aka Gerald Kakou Serge Amos Ekra Blaise Amos kouakou Inza Bamba Roger Lebeau Bamourou Diane General and Digestive Surgery Department Bouaké Teaching Hospital Bouaké Republic of C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Background: Peritonitis is one of the most common surgical emergency in tropical countries. It is still a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to describe the aetiology of acute non traumatic diffuse secondary peritonitis (ANDSP) and to report the outcome after treatment. Material and Methods: A retrospective survey of patients with ANDSP was carried out from January 2007 to December 2016 in the Digestive and General Surgery Service of Bouaké Teaching Hospital in the central part of Côte d’Ivoire. The hospital is a tertiary referral centre and serves urban and rural population from Bouaké’s agglomeration but also from the whole central and northern parts of the country. During the study period, all patients found to have at laparotomy ANDSP were included. The analysed variables include epidemiologic charts, clinical presentation, cause of peritonitis, surgical treatment, postoperative outcome and prognostic factors. Results: Over the studied period 626 cases of ANDSP were operated on. The main aetiologies were gastroduodenal peptic ulcer perforation (n = 252, 41.1%), typhoid ileal perforation (n = 207, 33%) and appendicular peritonitis (n = 123, 19.6%). The mean duration of hospital stay was 13.8 ± 9.6 days (range 8 - 87 days). The length of hospital stay was significantly influenced by postoperative complications (23.5 ± 5.4 days versus 10.8 ± 2.7 days P = 0.000000). Two hundred and sixty one postoperative complications were recorded in 242 patients (38.6%) with wound infection being the commonest postoperative complication. A repeat laparotomy was indicated in 73 patients. Eigthy (n = 80) patients died (mortality 11.2%). Risk factors for death were hemodynamic shock, ASA > II, Age ≥ 60 years, M PI > 29 and digestive sutures performed in septic environment below the transverse mesocolon. Conclusion: The spectrum of aetiology of ANDSP in this tropical area is different from the one observed in the Western countries. Proper treatment o

关键词： Peritonitis Appendicitis Typhoid Perforation Gastrointestinal Ulcer Perforation Prognostic

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Penis Cancer: About Three (03) Observations at the University Hospital of Bouake

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Open Journal of Urology 2020年第6期10卷 192-200页

作者： Akassimadou N’Diamoi Dje Koffi Avion Kouassi Aguia Brice Zouan Freddy Alloka venance Urology Department of the University Hospital Center (CHU) of Bouake. Bouaké Ivory Coast

Objective: To report the diagnostic aspects and the therapeutic difficulties of this disease, to contribute to the prevention and screening of this cancer and propose a diagnostic, therapeutic and psychological management of penile cancer of patients at Bouaké University Hospital Center based on a short series of three (03) observations. Patients and Method: Over a period of five years (January 2012 to December 2017), we collected three (03) cases of cancer of the penis. Results: A total of three (03) cases of epidermoidal carcinoma of the penis were diagnosed. The average age of the patients is [52 years], all of them of low socio-economic level. Two (02) patients (n = 2) categorically refused surgical treatment (penile amputation) and one (01) patient was lost to follow-up. Two patients are currently deceased. Conclusion: Penile cancer has been an aggressive tumor with a pejorative prognosis, due to the delay of consultation in our underdeveloped countries. Patients consult late but above all refuse any idea of surgical treatment on the penis. The effort to be made is to insist on the prevention and screening of penile precancerous lesions by an adequate training of urban medical staff by a squad of specialists (urologists, oncologists and dermatologists).

关键词： Penis Cancer Penile Amputation Precancerous Lesions

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Evaluation of Pollution Due to Gold Mining at Ity-Floleu Area in Sub-Prefecture of Zouan-Hounien, Western Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第12期7卷 20-41页

作者： Gbamélé Kouassi Serge Konan kouakou Séraphin Kouassi kouakou Lazare Brou Loukou Alexis Konan Koffi Félix Bini Kouamé Dongui Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa Côte d’Ivoire Departement of Geology University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa Côte d’Ivoire Laboratory of Ecology Biodiversity and Evolution University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa Côte d’Ivoire Laboratory of Environment Chemistry and Materials University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa Côte d’Ivoire

This study aims to evaluate the mineral pollution of a gold mining environment in the sub-Prefecture of Zouan-Hounien (C?;te d’Ivoire). Samples were taken from surface water and flesh and skin samples of the Cavally River fish species over a period of two successive years. Concentrations in major elements, trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn), nutrients () and physico-chemical parameters in situ were measured. The results obtained show that the surface waters have very low pH with an average of 5.70. For nutrient salts, the deterioration of water quality in the study area is mainly related to alterations by nitrates, phosphates and sulphates. The concentrations of Fe, Cu, Hg and Pb are above the existing standards (international, FAO/WHO) for the majority of the stations, thus causing the deterioration of the surface water quality. Therefore, their use for agricultural irrigation could have negative impact on the health of the population and on biodiversity. Regarding the bioindicating species, the results obtained after analysis of samples showed that the fish (carp and machoiron) have Fe, Cu, Hg and Pb concentrations higher than the existing standards (international, FAO/WHO) exposing consumers to high health risks. This study showed good correlation between the high values of surface water turbidity and the proximity of gold washing sites. The use of the principal component analysis (PCA) of the physicochemical dataset revealed comparable behaviors for certain minerals within the groups (Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Na) and (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Ca) in water. The Ascending Hierarchical Classification (AHC) analysis has defined three different classes of surface water in the study area. The presence of mineral trace elements in these receiving environments is of natural origin but would be strongly accentuated by human activities.

关键词： Cavally River Fish Gold Mining Major Elements Nutritious Salts Surface Water Trace Elements

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1D-2D Hydraulic Modeling of a Diversion Channel on the Cavally River in Zouan-Hounien,Cote d’Ivoire

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第8期11卷 1036-1048页

作者： Kouassi kouakou Lazare Brou Loukou Alexis Yao Affoue Berthe Kouadio Zile Alex Konan kouakou Seraphin Konan Koffi Felix Koffi Berenger Department of Geology University Jean Lorougnon GUEDEDaloaCote d’Ivoire

On the Cavally River, located on the border between C?te d’Ivoire and Liberia, several hydraulic structures such as bridges and diversion channels are planned to be made in recent years in the operating perimeter of the Ity mining company. A 1D-2D hydraulic model was developed to design a diversion channel to cut a meander of the Cavally River in order to ensure hydraulic operation similar to the initial conditions of the river (water levels, flow and velocities). This model was designed with a flow rate of 240 m3/s and a Manning coefficient of 0.052 m1/3·s-1 for the minor bed and 0.06 m1/3·s-1 for the major bed. The results from the hydraulic model show that the hydraulic conditions (water levels, velocities) in the channel before and after the diversion remain almost like those of the Cavally River.

关键词： Hydraulic Modeling Diversion Channel Cavally River Ity Cote d’Ivoire

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Assessment of the Quality of Sediments and Agricultural Soils: Case of the Ity-Floleu Area in the Prefecture of Zouan-Hounien, Western Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第12期8卷 255-275页

作者： Konan kouakou Séraphin Gbamélé Kouassi Serge Doffou Richard Jean Olive Brou Loukou Alexis Kouassi kouakou Lazare Dongui Bini Kouamé Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Departement of Geology University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The objective of this study is to assess the level of metal contamination of sediments and agricultural soils in the Ity-Floleu zone. The concentrations of trace elements (Fe, Mn, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) were measured in different seasons over two successive years. The sediment pollution index made it possible to note that the sediments and agricultural soils of the various stations studied are highly polluted in all seasons. The calculation of the geoaccumulation index indicates that surface water sediments most often experience extreme or moderate pollution in As, Cd, Cu, Hg and Zn in the dry or rainy season except in Pb in some cases. We observed that the sediments of the Cavally river present a serious pollution due to extreme anthropic activities carried out along the river. Over the entire region, the results of the potential ecological risk index (RI) indicate that all the sediments and agricultural soils analysed present a moderate ecological risk in terms of Pb and Zn in certain cases and an ecological risk is observed low bound to other metals in all seasons. This metallic pollution generated by human activities in this region can have consequences for the environment and biodiversity.

关键词： Anthropogenic Activities Cavally River Contamination Factors Contamination Indices Metallic Trace Elements Sediments and Agricultural Soils

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Fibromyalgia of Women Who Gave Birth and Pregnancy Outcome Parameters

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2022年第1期12卷 1-11页

作者： Maïmouna Coura Koné Nabé Alphonse Kambiré Koffi kouakou Yapi Ahoua Biology and Health Laboratory Biology of Reproduction and Development Unit Biosciences UFR Félix Houphoüet-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Psychology Human and Social Sciences UFR Félix Houphoüet-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is a common chronic disease characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain in certain anatomic locations. Even though Fibromyalgia’s prevalence and common symptoms in pregnant women are known, many issues related to the consequences of mother’s fibromyalgia on pregnancy outcome have not been enough explored. The aim of this study is to highlight the relationship between fibromyalgia of women who gave birth and pregnancy outcome parameters like child delivery ways and newborn health. A first preliminary epidemiology study was thus carried out in the Bingerville general hospital. Our results showed that fibromyalgia was prevalent in women who gave birth as among 271 women who gave birth, 48.03% have fibromyalgia. A high frequency of women with fibromyalgia delivered by caesarian section (79.7%). Apgar score indicated that newborns of the study have a good vitality as the score is higher than or equal to 7 for the majority of newborns. A large number of newborns were apparently in good health (160/184) compared to unhealthy newborns (24/184). We saw that a large frequency of unhealthy newborns were born from women with fibromyalgia (14/24;58.3%) while a low proportion of apparently in good health newborns were born from women with fibromyalgia. Healthy newborns have not been observed. All together, these data highlight the prevalence of fibromyalgia in women who gave birth and a relationship between fibromyalgia of mother, delivery modality and newborn health. However, in the situation of newborns’ health, the link was not direct.

关键词： Fibromyagia Pregnancy Delivery Apgar Newborn

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Dimensioning of an Anaerobic Digester for the Treatment of Chicken Manure and for the Production of Biogas: The Case Study of a Chicken Farm in Yaokokoroko (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2022年第4期12卷 91-103页

作者： kouakou Adjoumani Rodrigue Ehouman Ahissan Donatien Konan Affoué Tindo Sylvie Teki Adjoba Marie-Emmanuelle Kouadio Marc Cyril Adou kouakou Eric Konan Gbangbo Remis Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu (LTPCM) UFR Sciences Fondamentales Appliquées Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Département de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières Ressources en Eaux et Risques Hydrologiques Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphou&#235 t-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire Institut de Recherche sur les Energies Nouvelles Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèse de l’Environnement et des énergies Nouvelles (LAPISEN) Institut National Polytechnique Houphou&#235 t-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire

This study allowed us to highlight the level of pollution of a BAYA River water near several poultry farms and the sizing of an anaerobic digester that will be able to treat chicken manure from a poultry farm (BRIN FOUNDATION). To evaluate this pollution, the parameters such as ammonium (NH4+), Phosphate (PO43-), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (DBO5) and Nitrate (NO3-) were determined. For sampling point P1, the concentrations in mg/L of these parameters are (25.00 ± 4.25), (0.40 ± 0.20), (98.00 ± 6.35) and (96.00 ± 5.35), respectively. On the other hand, for sampling point P2, the concentrations in mg/L of these parameters are respectively (33.00 ± 9.05), (0.70 ± 0.12), (123 ± 7.13) and (93 ± 7.10). These values indicate a strong organic pollution of the BAYA River. The determination of the different concentrations of the organic pollution parameters allowed us to evaluate the degradation and the quality of the water of the BAYA River water, by the poultry activity. However, considering the physicochemical properties of the waste (chicken manure), which is the main source of organic pollution, we have considered an energy recovery through the production of biogas. This requires the design, sizing, and implementation of an anaerobic digester in a poultry farm. Therefore, the project would require the construction of an adapted masonry type anaerobic digester with a capacity of 10 m3.

关键词： Biogas Organic Pollution Surface Water Biodigester Chicken Manure Anaerobic Digestion

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An Inahbitual Etiology of Acute Intestinal Obstruction: The Giant Fecalome

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Surgical Science 2023年第3期14卷 225-230页

作者： Leh Bi Kalou Ismaèl Traoré Mamadou N’Dri Ahou Bernadette Ekra Amos Serge Akowendo Ezéchiel kouakou Blaise Amos Bamba Inza kouakou Kouamé Bernadin Anzoua kouakou Ibrahim Lebeau Roger Diané Bamourou Department of General and Digestive Surgery CHU of Bouaké Bouake Ivory Coast

The authors report an observation of a 20-year-old patient, who was referred by the medical emergency department for abdominal distention. The disease would have started with the appearance of abdominal pain, a stop of materials without stopping gases appeared gradually and evolving for 4 months. The patient was chronically constipated. She administered daily enemas with homemade products to have a bowel movement. She never had rectal bleeding, there was no alteration diarrhea—constipation. Mother of 3 children alive and apparently healthy. On clinical examination the abdomen was enlarged in size, painless but of firm consistency. The hernial orifices were free. Hard and abundant stools were noted on digital rectal examination. The abdominal CT scan revealed a large endorectal fecal impaction going up into the left colon, an absence of abdominal mass. We retained the diagnosis of giant fecal impaction. The patient was hospitalized and we instituted paraffin oil therapy combined with an evacuator enema with glycerin. The evolution was marked by a resumption of transit in the form of stool and gas (3 to 4 stools per day). At Day 8 of hospitalization the abdomen had decreased in volume the transit was regular and the patient was discharged on Day 10. Reviewed 3 months later, she maintained a regular transit made of one bowel movement a day. After a setback of 3 years the transit is still preserved. The authors discuss the etiologies of fecal impaction and their respective treatments.

关键词： Intestinal Obstruction Giant Fecal Impaction

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Implementing uterine balloon tamponade(UBT)device for immediate postpartum hemorrhage management:Leveraging resource allocation and highlighting noteworthy experiences

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2023年第3期3卷 175-180页

作者： Mian Dehi Boston Guie Privat Apollinaire Horo Aka Edele kouakou Konan Virginie Aholoupke Bruno KonéSeydou Rochon Sarah Boni Serge Burke Thomas F Felix Houphouet Boigny University Cote d’Ivoire Division of Global Health and Human Rights Department of Emergency MedicineCote d’Ivoire National Mother and Child Health Program Côte d'Ivoire Cote d’Ivoire Massachusetts General Hospital Division of Global Health and Human Rights BostonMAUSA Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health BostonMAUSA Harvard Medical School BostonMAUSA

Background The use of uterine balloon tamponade(UBT)devices for intrauterine packing and management of vaginal bleeding by uterine atony has shown promising results in improving the quality of care and reducing maternal *** This report aims to provide an overview of progress made in implementing UBT devices in northern Cote d'*** and methods A four-year retrospective study was conducted in the North-East(163,645),North-Center(351,909),and North-West(57,983).In 2017,UBT was adopted by members of the healthcare ***,5 national and 32 regional trainers have been *** training session was a theoretical and practical program with a low *** is a male condom tied to a urinary catheter,filled with *** outcomes included stopping bleeding,avoiding the need for surgery,and preventing maternal deaths(MD).In 2018,3,515 UBT devices were *** 2019,monitoring tools and transmission circuits of the data were *** 2020,the collection of data and local manufacturing was *** During the process,978 health workers,mainly midwife(52.0%)and nurses(32.2%)out of the 1,295 assigned were *** number of trained individuals decreased from 209 in 2019 to 160 in 2020.A total of 1,715 UBT devices were locally manufactured,adding to the existing gift of 5,080 devices,with total availability of 6,*** distribution of devices increased from 2017 to 2019 but decreased in *** rates increased from 87.3%in 2017(365/418)to 95.0%in 2019(556/585)and slightly decreased in 2020 to 98.0%(681/695).Adverse outcomes(144/2,193),included MD(35/2,193)and medical evacuation to the surgical center(109/2,193).Conclusion The implementation of UBT in northern Cote d'Ivoire successfully reduced maternal death rates caused by immediate post-partum hemorrhage(IPPH).However,to ensure sustainability,further improvements are needed,including increased monitoring,ongoing training,and device availability.

关键词： Implementation Uterine balloon tamponade Post-partum hemorrhage Health providers Health regions

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