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Indices of Water Quality and Pesticide Monitoring Survey in Lake of Western Cote d’Ivoire and Its Human Risk Assessment

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Natural Resources 2020年第2期11卷 46-69页

作者： Kouame kouakou Benoit Konan kouakou Seraphin Konan Koffi Felix Boussou Koffi Charles Kouame Kouame Martin Dibi Brou Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment University Jean Lorougnon GuedeDaloaCote d’Ivoire Laboratory of Ecology Biodiversity and EvolutionUniversity Jean Lorougnon GuedeDaloaCote d’Ivoire

The aims of the work were to study the current quality of the water in Lake DOHOU used for drinking water supply through several physical, chemical analyses and using water quality indices (WQI). In addition, the question was whether the populations are at risk after drinking water of lake following a reduction of 50% and 75% in the median and maximum values of pesticides. Thus, the results of the pesticide monitoring program were incorporated into probabilistic human health risk assessment exercises. Water samples were collected over a period of one year. Pesticides were subjected to solid phase extraction and then analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy. The other parameters were measured according to conventional methods. The results showed that the most frequently detected pesticides were aldicarb (79%), simazine (79%) and monolinuron (44%). They also showed the mean values of concentrations exceeding 1.5 μg/L. Metoxuron detected at a frequency of 29% showed the maximum average concentration (13.46 μg/L). Nearly 98% of the sampling points had at least one substance with an average concentration above the quality standard (0.1 μg/L) and 80% did not meet the total concentration standards. Cumulative risk quotient estimates after 50% or 75% abatement for frequently identified pesticides were greater than unity when extreme?values for adults and children were considered. To determine the suitability of water for aquatic life, drinking water consumption and drinking water production, the water quality index (WQI), the heavy metal pollution (HPI) and the heavy metal evaluation (HEI) were calculated. The poor quality of the water was mainly related to pesticides, organic matter and microbiological parameters. Most of the nutrients and metals studied were often below the standards of drinking water and aquatic life. The Water Quality Index (WQI) has shown that water quality is degrading for these three modes of use and ranges from poor to m

关键词： Pesticides Health Risk Assessment Water Quality Index Heavy Metal Index

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Human Health Risks from Exposure to Heavy Metals of Suspended Particulate Matter around the Tongon Gold Mine, Côte d’Ivoire

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2023年第2期12卷 171-187页

作者： Kagbagnan Kone Adjoumani Rodrigue kouakou Julien Bahino Horo Kone kouakou Eric Adou Ehouman Ahissan Donatien Kopoin Adouby Département de Géographie UFR Sciences Sociales Université Péléforo Gon Coulibaly Korhogo C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèse de L’environnement et des Energies Nouvelles Institut National Polytechniques Félix Houphou&eumlt Boigny Yamoussoukro C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et Physico-chimie du Milieu UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire LASMES UFR SSMT Université Félix Houphou&eumlt-Boigny Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Physique chimie UFR médecine/Département des Sciences et Techniques Université Alassane Ouattara Bouaké C&ocircte d’Ivoire

The Tongon mine, the largest gold mine in C?te d’Ivoire, has been in operation since April 2010. However, to our knowledge to date, no study has been conducted on metallic contamination in suspended particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) where there is a lack of information on the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to human health associated with the exposure of populations in the Tongon area to these pollutants. The general objective of this study is to evaluate the level of contamination of PM10;PM2.5 by heavy metals and their impact on the health of populations exposed to these pollutants in the Tongon gold mine area. The sampling and measurement of suspended particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) were done using a MiniVol TAS passive air sampler. Heavy metal concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (Nex ION 2000 ICP-MS, USA). The results indicate that the average concentrations of suspended particles (PM2.5 and PM10) obtained are all above the recommended exposure limits. In addition, among the heavy metals contained in the suspended particles, the concentrations of arsenic and nickel are high and all above the standard limit values. The assessment of the health risks related to the inhalation of PM10 particles reveals that their inhalation over a long period could cause a carcinogenic risk.

关键词： Particulate Matters (PM10 and PM2.5) West Africa Tongon Heavy Metals Inhalation Carcinogenic Risk Metallic Contamination

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Fresco悬崖古近系层序地层学和沉积学研究（科特迪瓦）

Fresco悬崖古近系层序地层学和沉积学研究（科特迪瓦）

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作者： kouakou Kouame Romuald Sohoures 中国石油大学(华东)

学位级别：硕士

层序地层学和沉积学研究能够揭示沉积盆地内地层单元、沉积相带和沉积物沉积过程在时间和空间上的相互关系,是油气地质研究的两个重要方面。科特迪瓦沉积盆地东部发现了油气显示,并开展了大量有关沉积学和层序地层学的研究,而沉积盆地... 详细信息

层序地层学和沉积学研究能够揭示沉积盆地内地层单元、沉积相带和沉积物沉积过程在时间和空间上的相互关系,是油气地质研究的两个重要方面。科特迪瓦沉积盆地东部发现了油气显示,并开展了大量有关沉积学和层序地层学的研究,而沉积盆地西部尚未发现油气且研究较少。本论文旨在通过对科特迪瓦沉积盆地西部的Fresco悬崖露头剖面开展研究,分析Fresco(西部)地层的沉积学和层序地层特征,揭示Fresco悬崖露头剖面的地质成因,探讨盆地东、西部地质特征差异及西部的油气潜力。在野外露头踏勘的基础上,结合Fresco 2井的127个岩屑和从露头收集的208个样品分析,开展了研究区的层序地层学及沉积学研究。首先,在露头剖面识别不整合面、洪泛面和层序边界界线等层序要素,划分层序地层单元和体系域、分析层序结构,并结合海平面升降变化及古气候分析层序地层的控制因素。同时,结合露头识别的岩性特征、沉积构造,结合沉积物粒度、分选磨圆、化石痕迹等分析了沉积环境。基于露头相及剖面岩相特征,分析了不同岩性类型在空间中的配置,探讨了层序地层特征和沉积环境对油气潜力的影响。研究表明,科特迪瓦沉积盆地西部的Fresco悬崖露头剖面,发育一个沉积间断和一个层序界面。由此将目的层划分出两个沉积层序,即DS I和DS II。其中DS I包含两个海侵期和两个海退期,DSII包含一个海退期。DS I和DSII分别表现为一个完整的海侵-海退旋回和不完整的海侵-海退旋回,DS II为一套河流相沉积,存在河流滞留的砾岩。研究区露头剖面主要发育石灰岩、粉砂岩、泥质砂岩和砾岩等四种岩性,粉砂岩和泥质砂岩的结构表现为磨圆中等、分选较好的特征。砾岩表现为中粒、粗粒和分选较差的结构特征。磨圆度主要为次棱角状到次圆状,体现其搬运距离相对较远,反映沉积环境主要是以海陆沉积和陆相沉积为主。研究区DS I为砂质海岸沉积,古气候表现为温暖气候。DS II为一套河流相沉积砾岩及DS I的粉砂岩是油气有利的储集层,灰岩及黏土层可作为盖层,但区内生油层有机质并未成熟。

关键词： Fresco悬崖层序地层学沉积学沉积层序层序界面体系域古气候

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Safety, Tolerability and Anti-Diarrhoeal Activity of “Diarra”, a Preparation of Medicinal Plants Used in Ivorian Traditional Medicine

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第10期14卷 428-440页

作者： kouakou Etienne Effo Yacouba Adebo Adehouni Gbongué Eric Tia Amenan Geneviève Irié-N’Guessan N’Doua Gisèle kouakou Siransy Department of Pharmacology Clinical and Therapeutic Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences University of Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Background: “Diarra”, a traditional herbal remedy made from five (5) medicinal plants, might be endowed with anti-diarrhoeal properties according to its owner. However, scientific evidence of its safety, tolerability and activity has not been established. Objective: This study aimed to assess the safety, tolerability and anti-diarrhoeal activity of “Diarra” in experimental rats. Materials and Methods: Safety was assessed by acute (OECD 423) and sub-acute (OECD 407) toxicity studies at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg. Clinical tolerability was assessed for 28 days. On day 29, a blood sample was taken to evaluate biological tolerability. The anti-diarrhoeal activity was investigated in a castor oil-induced diarrhoea model. Rats were given the remedy at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg and then castor oil 1 hour later. They were observed for 4 hours and diarrhoeal stools were collected. The Percentage of diarrhoeal inhibition was calculated. Results: A single dose of “Diarra” at a dose of 2000 mg/kg did not induce any lethality, behavioural or weight change in rats for 14 days. When administered once daily for 28 days, “Diarra” did not cause lethality or significant behavioural disorders or significant weight loss in rats. No biological disorders were observed. The treatment of rats with “Diarra” at doses of 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg in a single administration inhibited the occurrence of diarrhoeal stools. The respective percentages of inhibition were 60%, 50% and 62%, similar to those of loperamide at a dose of 2 mg/kg (68%). Conclusion: “Diarra” has an anti-diarrheal activity in rats. It is also safe to use this remedy as such.

关键词： Safety Tolerability Antidiarrheal Diarra Traditional Medicine

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Contribution of Agro-Hydrological Modeling in the Evaluation of Water Availability of an Ungauged Basin Reservoir in Côte d’Ivoire: Case of the Loka Reservoir in Bouaké

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2021年第3期10卷 117-130页

作者： Kouao Armand Anoh kouakou Séraphin Konan Sampah Georges Eblin Ange Victorine Atcho kouakou Lazare Kouassi Water and Environment Science and Technology Laboratory Jean Lorougnon Guedé University Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The city of Bouaké, the second biggest city of Côte d’Ivoire, experienced a water shortage in 2018 that lasted four months due to the drying up of the Loka reservoir, which supplies two-thirds of the city. The challenge of the Loka reservoir is that it is located in an ungauged basin where very few hydrological studies have been carried out, despite the recurrent problems of access to drinking water. In the purpose to better understand the phenomena that caused this temporary drying of the dam, the methodology implemented was based on agro-hydrological modeling with SWAT using a regionalization technique of a nearby watershed. The model performance was assessed using three statistical indices (the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NS), the coefficient of determination (R2) and the percentage of bias (PBIAS)) and the visual appreciation of hydrographs for monthly series. The statistical indices appear satisfactory with a NS and R2 ≥ 0.6 both for calibration and validation, and a PBIAS of -11.2 and -3.8 respectively for calibration and validation. The hydrological modeling of Loka basin has shown the impact of climate change already reported by some authors as well as anthropization. Thus, while the reservoir records a decrease in its water volume estimated at 384,604 m3 each year, the water demand undergoes an increase of 122,033 m3 per year.

关键词： Loka Basin Hydrological Modeling SWAT SUFI-2 Water Availability

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Effect of Different Parts of <i>Kigelia africana</i>Fruit Aqueous Extracts on Sperm Parameters and Testis

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2021年第3期9卷 171-188页

作者： Maïmouna Coura Koné Blaise Wokapeu Kpan Ibrahima Kandé Roger Koffi kouakou Romuald Sylvère Koman Yao Konan Koffi kouakou Laboratory Biology and Health Biology of Development and Reproduction Unit Biosciences UFR Félix HOUPHOU&Euml T-BOIGNY University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Natural Environments and Biodiversity Conservation Botanical Research and Training Unit Félix HOUPHOU&Euml T-BOIGNY University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire UFR Science of Nature Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Floristic Center (CNF) Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Kigelia africana is a plant of ivoirian pharmocopae commonly used in infertility treatment. The Kigelia africanawhole fruit extracts are known to improve sperm parameters like density, morphologie and mobility. However, data related to efficiency of different parts of the fruit are lack. The aim of this study was to know the effects of aqueous extracts of the whole Kigelia africana fruit (AP) and of the fruit without the peel (SP) on the sperm parameters and testicular tissue of mice. The phytochemical composition analysis of the SP and AP aqueous extracts of Kigelia africana fruit reveals several secondary metabolites in variable abundance. The sperm densities (Figure 1) of the SP (~78.106 spz/ml ± 2.60) and AP (~96.15 × 106 spz/ml ± 2.44) groups were higher than that of the control (~63.95.106<

关键词： Kigelia Spermatogenesis Density Mobility Testis

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Hydatid Cyst of the Liver: About a Case at the Digestive and General Surgery Department of the University Hospital of Bouaké(Côte d’Ivoire)

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Surgical Science 2023年第1期14卷 10-16页

作者： Leh Bi Kalou Ismaèl N’Dri Ahou Bernadette Ekra Amos Serge kouakou Blaise Amos Bamba Inza kouakou Kouamé Bernardin Anzoua kouakou Ibrahim Traore Mamadou Lebeau Roger Diané Bamourou Department of General and Digestive Surgery CHU of Bouaké Bouake Ivory Coast

Hydatid cyst of the liver (KHF) is a parasitic condition caused by the development of the larval form of the dog tapenia Echinococcus granulosus. In sub-Saharan Africa, few writings are interested in this pathology, which remains common and constitutes a public health problem in highly endemic countries [1] [2]. We report the observation of a 61-year-old hypertensive patient owner of a dog admitted for abdominal pain without abdominal mass. In whom ultrasound and computed tomography have made it possible to make the diagnosis of hydatid cyst of the liver (KHF). The patient underwent surgery. We performed an associated conservative treatment post-operative albendazole. The post-operative follow-up was simple. In our patient the evolution was good after a setback of more than 2 months. Through this observation and a review of the literature, we insist on the contribution of imaging in diagnosis and treatment, which is essentially surgical.

关键词： Liver Hydatid Cyst Diagnosis Treatment

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Acute Bowel Obstructions of the Elderly in a Low African Country

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Surgical Science 2022年第3期13卷 164-173页

作者： Kouame Bernadin kouakou kouakou Ibrahim Anzoua Mamadou Traore Ismael Kalou Leh Bi Ahou Bernadette N’Dri Aka Gerard Kakou Serge Amos Ekra Blaise Amos kouakou Inza Bamba Djahou Ezechiel Akowendo Roger Lebeau Bamourou Diane General and Digestive Surgery Department University Hospital of Bouaké Bouake Ivory Coast

Background: Acute bowel obstruction is one of the main causes of non-traumatic gastro—intestinal surgical emergencies. When they occur in elderly patients, they seem to induce higher morbi-mortality. The aim of our study was to identify the causes of these bowel obstructions in elderly patients and to expose the results of their surgical management. Patients and Methods: Retrospective and analytical study of patients aged 65 years and over, operated on between January 2013 and December 2019 for acute bowel obstruction at the University Hospital of Bouake. Demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary data were analysed. Results: The study involved 36 men and 23 women (sex ratio = 1.6). The mean age of these patients was 70 ± 4.6 years (65 and 90 years). A history and/or co-morbidities were found in 67.8% of them. Patients were classified as ASA I (20.3%), ASA II (42.4%), ASA III (33.9%) or ASA IV (3.4%). The average consultation time was 5.3 ± 4.1 days (2 days and 28 days). Bowel obstructions were due to colonic volvulus (38.9%), colonic cancer (22%), postoperative adhesions (18.6%), strangulated groin hernia (16.9%) or internal bowel hernia (3.3%). Volvulated or necrotic bowel and resectable cancers were resected followed by immediate anastomosis or stoma. Near upstream stomas were performed for unresectable cancers. A herniorrhaphy for groin hernias and a mesenteric breach suture for internal hernia were performed after bowel disinterment. Adhesions were released. The time to surgery was 22.3 ± 12.4 hours (2 hours and 72 hours). The post-surgery morbidity was 32.2%, marked by parietal suppurations (47.4%). The post-surgery mortality was 16.9%. Hemodynamic or septic shock, ASA score ≥ III, bowel necrosis and ICU stay were the significant risk factors. Conclusion: Acute bowel obstructions in the elderly are dominated by colonic volvulus. The high mortality is related to various factors highlighting the frailty of the elderly. A multidisciplinary management i

关键词： Acute Bowel Obstruction Elderly Etiology Morbi Mortality Surgery

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Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Sediments of the Vridi Canal (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第10期4卷 65-73页

作者： kouakou Adjoumani Rodrigue Benjamin Yao Albert Trokourey Adouby Kopoin Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Procédés industriels de Synthèse de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles Institut National Polytechniques Felix Houphou&#235t Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro CLaboratoire de Chimie Physique Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoirete d’Ivoire

The concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc in sediment samples from the Vridi Canal (Harbour area of economic capital of Cote d’Ivoire) were determined to evaluate the level of contamination. All metal concentrations in sediment samples, except Cu, were greater than the concentration of Upper Continental Crust (UCC). Sediment pollution assessment was undertaken by using Enrichment Factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Pollution Load Index (PLI). The enrichment factor (Cd: EF = 20.04;Pb: EF = 3.43;Zn: EF = 1.56) and géoaccumulation index (Cd: Igeo = 4.29;Pb: Igeo = 1.81) showed that the sediments were polluted. The Pollution Load Index (PLI > 1) indicated that the sediments of the studied area were heavily contaminated. Based on the comparison with sediment quality guidelines, the concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc would be toxic to one or more species of aquatic organisms living in the sediments.

关键词： Heavy Metals Vridi Canal Contamination

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Impact of the Condition of Drinking Water Supply Networks on the Quality of Water Intended for Consumption: The Case of the Network in the Commune of Daloa (Central West of Côte d’Ivoire)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2023年第12期15卷 677-691页

作者： Amoin Anne Marie Kouassi kouakou Lazare Kouassi Theophile Gnagne UFR Environnement University Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&ocircte d’Ivoire UFR des Sciences et Gestion de l’Environnement University Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire

The potability of drinking water depends not only on the source and the treatment system, but also on the quality of the waterworks. In fact, the quality of drinking water is considerably degraded by the dilapidated state and lack of maintenance of drinking water networks. In Côte d’Ivoire, the majority of drinking water networks in the various towns are ageing. In Daloa, despite the efforts made by the company in charge of water treatment and distribution to make the water drinkable, the water at consumers’ taps is often colored, has an unpleasant aftertaste and settles after collection. As a result, people are concerned about the potability of tap water, and some are turning to alternative sources of drinking water of unknown quality. In order to determine the factors responsible for the deterioration in water color and taste, as well as the sectors of the network most affected, a diagnosis of the network’s equipment was carried out. Water samples taken from the network were analyzed for color and turbidity. The diagnosis revealed that most of the equipment (suction pads, valves, drains and fire hydrants) is outdated and irregularly maintained. Analyses show that the water is more colored in cast-iron and PVC pipes than in asbestos cement pipes. Coloration values in the network range from 0 to 27 UVC for asbestos cement pipes, from 15 to 56 UCV for ductile iron pipes, and from 11 to 102 UCV for PVC pipes. On the over hand, turbidity values vary from 8.02 to 3.32 NTU for ductile cast iron pipes, 8.51 to 16.98 NTU for asbestos cement pipes and 0.9 to 6.98 NTU for PVC pipes. Old cast-iron pipes release ferric ions on contact with water, degrading their color. Old cast-iron pipes release ferric ions into the water, degrading its color. The high color values observed in the vicinity of drains are thought to be due to irregular maintenance of the network. In fact, after network maintenance, a reduction rate ranging from 2% to 73% is observed for turbidity, while for col

关键词： Pipe Water Supply Network Drinking Water Daloa

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