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Immune signature of small bowel adenocarcinoma and the role of tumor microenvironment

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 794-798页

作者： Grigorios Christodoulidis Marina Nektaria Kouliou konstantinos Eleftherios Koumarelas Department of General Surgery University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece

In this editorial we comment on the article published“Clinical significance of programmed cell death-ligand expression in small bowel adenocarcinoma is determined by the tumor microenvironment”.Small bowel adenocarcinoma(SBA)is a rare gastrointestinal neoplasm and despite the small intestine's significant surface area,SBA accounts for less than 3%of such *** detection is challenging and the reason arises from its asymptomatic nature,often leading to late-stage discovery and poor *** involves platinum-based chemotherapy with a 5-fluorouracil combination,but the lack of effective chemotherapy contributes to a generally poor *** are linked to genetic disorders and risk factors,including chronic inflammatory *** unique characteristics of the small bowel,such as rapid cell renewal and an active immune system,contributes to the rarity of these tumors as well as the high intratumoral infiltration of immune cells is associated with a favorable *** cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression varies across different cancers,with potential discrepancies in its prognostic *** instability(MSI)in SBA is associated with a high tumor mutational burden,affecting the prognosis and response to *** presence of PD-L1 and programmed cell death 1,along with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes,plays a crucial role in the complex microenvironment of SBA and contributes to a more favorable prognosis,especially in the context of high MSI *** tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are identified as independent prognostic indicators and the association between MSI status and a favorable prognosis,emphasizes the importance of evaluating the immune status of tumors for treatment decisions.

关键词： Programmed cell death 1 Programmed cell death-ligand 1 Programmed death ligand Small bowel adenocarcinoma Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes Tumor microenvironment Microsatellite instability

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Assessing the impacts of traffic calming at network level:A multimodal agent-based simulation

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 41-54页

作者： Eftychia Zargiannaki Panagiotis G.Tzouras Eleni Antoniou Christos Karolemeas konstantinos Kepaptsoglou School of Rural Surveying and Geoinformatics EngineeringNational Technical University of AthensZografou 15780Greece

The reduction of speed limits in urban roads through traffic calming schemes intends to ensure safer traffic conditions among road users by reducing the probability related to the occurrence of severe *** it from a different perspective,traffic calming measures can potentially resolve congestion problems at the same time by lowering the overall accessibility and attractiveness of private cars in urban *** study proposes a new methodological approach to explore and assess the direct impacts of traffic calming in the transport system efficiency of a metropolitan *** multi-agent transport simulation(MATSim)and Open-Berlin scenario are utilized to perform this simulation *** developing a new external tool,the free flow speed and road capacity of each network link is updated based on new speed limits and different compliance rates,which are defined per road hierarchy *** test scenarios that are formulated present radical conditions,where the speed limit in most urban roads of Berlin drops to 30 km/h or even 15 km/*** findings of this study show a considerably high increase in trips,passenger hours,and passenger kilometers using public transport modes,when traffic calming links are introduced,the reserve change is observed in private cars *** the speed limits are decreased in inner urban roads in most of the scenarios,the decrease of average travel speed of private cars is not so high as it was ***,private cars are used for longer distances in all test *** drivers seem to use already existed motorways and private road to *** simulations,driver compliance to the new speed limits seems to be a determinant factor that is strongly influenced by the design interventions applied in a traffic calming area.

关键词： Agent-based simulation Traffic calming Impact assessment Urban road network

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Endoscopic treatment of scarred polyps with a non-thermal device(Endorotor):A review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1706-1713页

作者： Mariam Zaghloul Hameed Rehman Stefano Sansone konstantinos Argyriou Adolfo Parra-Blanco Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversitKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt Department of Gastroenterology Service Nottingham City Hospital CampusNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottingham NG51PBUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41334Greece NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUnited Kingdom

Endoscopic resection(ER)of colorectal polyps has become a daily practice in most endoscopic units providing a colorectal cancer screening program and requires the availability of local experts and high-end endoscopic *** procedures have evolved over the past few years from endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)to more advanced techniques,such as endoscopic submucosal dissection and endo-scopic full-thickness *** resection and disease eradication are the ultimate goals of ER-based techniques,and novel devices have been developed to achieve these *** EndoRotor®Endoscopic Powered Resection System(Interscope Medical,Inc.,Northbridge,Massachusetts,United States)is one such *** EndoRotor is a powered resection tool for the removal of alimentary tract mucosa,including post-EMR persistent lesions with scarring,and has both CE Mark and FDA *** review covers available published evidence documenting the usefulness of EndoRotor for the management of recurrent colorectal polyps.

关键词： EndoRotor Scarred polyps Recurrent polyps Colorectal cancer Colorectal polyps

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Early-onset gastrointestinal cancer:An epidemiological reality with great significance and implications

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 583-597页

作者： John K Triantafillidis konstantinos Georgiou Manousos M Konstadoulakis Apostolos E Papalois Department of IBD and GI Endoscopy Metropolitan General HospitalHolargos 15562AthensGreece.Hellenic Society for Gastrointestinal Oncology354 Iera OdosChaidari 12461AtticaGreece 2nd Department of Surgery University of Athens School of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece

During the last few years,epidemiological data from many countries suggest that the incidence and prevalence of many cancers of the digestive system are shifting from the older to the younger ages,the so-called“early-onset cancer”.This is particularly evident in colorectal cancer and secondarily in other malignant digestive neoplasms,mainly stomach and in a lesser degree pancreas,and biliary *** should be emphasized that data concerning digestive neoplasms,except for those referring to the colon and stomach,could be characterized as rather *** exact magnitude of the shift in younger ages is expected to become clearer shortly,as long as relevant epidemiological data from many parts of the world would be *** most important question concerns the etiology of this phenomenon,since its magnitude cannot be explained solely by the better diagnostic methodology and the preventive programs applied in many *** existing data support the assumption that a number of environ-mental factors may play a primary role in influencing carcinogenesis,sometimes from *** that have appeared in the last decades related mainly to eating habits,consistency of gut microbiome and an increase of obese people interacting with genetic factors,ultimately favor the process of *** these factors however,are not entirely sufficient to explain the age-related changes in the frequency of digestive *** of the individual effect of each of the already known factors or factors likely to be involved in the etiology of this phenomenon and studies using state-of-the-art technologies to accurately determine the degree of the population exposure to these factors are *** this article,we attempt to describe the epidemiological data supporting the age-shifting of digestive malignancies and their possible ***,we propose some measures regarding the attitude of the scientific community to this alarming phenomenon.

关键词： Gastrointestinal cancer Endoscopy Epidemiology Early-onset Environment

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On the Unipolar Generator: An Experimental and Theoretical Study

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第8期12卷 2928-2958页

作者： konstantinos Patrinos Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece

When studying the phenomenon of the induced electromotive force, which originates from Faraday’s unipolar inductor, the contrast between Faraday’s view of the magnetic field dynamic lines and the theory of relativity is revealed. In order to remove this contradiction, this phenomenon was studied in depth, theoretically and experimentally, using an experimental setup similar to Faraday’s. Calculations of the induced electromotive force, based on relativity on the one hand and on Faraday’s view on the other were made with the help of measurements of the magnetic field components. Accurate magnetic field measurements are confirmed by analytical calculations. Precise-induced electromotive force measurements confirmed Faraday’s view and contradicted the theory of relativity.

关键词： Faraday’s Experiment Unipolar Generator Homopolar Generator Faraday’s Inductor Unipolar Induction

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Mechanisms of shoulder trauma: Current concepts

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 11-21页

作者： konstantinos Mastrantonakis Athanasios Karvountzis Christos K Yiannakopoulos Georgios Kalinterakis Department of Orthopedic General Hospital of RethymnonRethymnon 73100CreteGreece 1^(st)Orthopedic Department Naval Hospital of AthensAthens 11521Greece Department of Orthopaedic Surgery National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece

Acute traumatic injuries to the glenohumeral articulation are *** types of injuries depend on age,muscle strength,bone density,and biomechanics of the traumatic *** the different mechanisms of trauma and how they affect the functional anatomical structures of the shoulder joint is crucial for the treatment of these ***,when clinicians have knowledge of these mechanisms they can accurately diagnose and treat shoulder pathology and predict distinct injury ***,we have described the fundamentals of the mechanisms of injury of the glenohumeral dislocation,dislocation with fracture of the humeral head,and the proximal humerus *** have focused on common injury mechanisms and the correlation with radiological *** and laboratory findings of distinct types of injury were also discussed.

关键词： Mechanism Hill-Sachs Shoulder dislocation Proximal humerus fracture Shoulder biomechanics

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Submerged cultivation of selected macro-fungi to produce mycelia rich inβ-glucans and other bioactive compounds,valorizing side streams of the food industry

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2024年第2期7卷 74-87页

作者： Sotirios Pilafidis Erminta Tsouko Glykeria Sougleri Panagiota Diamantopoulou konstantinos Gkatzionis Zacharias Ioannou Dimitris Sarris Laboratory of Physico-Chemical&Biotechnological valorization of Food By-Products Department of FoodScience&NutritionSchool of the EnvironmentUniversity of the AegeanLeoforos Dimokratias 66Lemnos81400 MyrinaGreece Laboratory of Edible Fungi Institute of Technology of Agricultural ProductsHellenic Agricultural Organization-Dimitra1Sof.Venizelou14123 LykovrysiGreece Laboratory of Consumer and Sensory Perception of Food&Drinks Department of Food Science&NutritionSchool of the EnvironmentUniversity of the AegeanMetropolite Ioakeim 2Lemnos81400 MyrinaGreece

This study reports the valorization of four side-streams derived from the food industry as fermentation media to cultivate edible and medicinal macrofungi of the genera Cyclocybe sp.,Ganoderma sp.,Grifola sp.,Hericium sp.,Morchella sp.,Pleurotus sp.,Schizophyllum *** Trametes sp..Initial screening experiments revealed the suitability of brewer’s spent grain extract(BSGE)and diluted wine distillery effluent(WDE)as the sole carbon sources for significant mycelial mass *** fermentations investigated the effect of static and agitated conditions on biomass production,protein content and glucan content of fungal *** higher biomass and concentrations of total glucans,α-glucans andβ-glucans were determined in macrofungi cultivated in BSGE compared to *** BSGE-based cultures of Schizophyllum commune resulted in the maximum biomass synthesis(27.6 g/L),while the highest total glucans of 70.8%w/w with aβ-glucan content of 57.2%w/w were determined for ***,when the culture was also *** protein content of mycelia ranged from 12.3 up to 26.5%w/w in the strains that were ***-FTIR spectra of the mycelia demonstrated the characteristic bands associated with fungal polysaccharides.

关键词： Biomass Polysaccharides Protein Static Agitated FTIR Bioeconomy Sustainability Edible Medicinal Mushroom Fermentation

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The Effect of Preloading on the Cyclic Liquefaction Strength Measured in the Laboratory

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第6期18卷 269-275页

作者： konstantinos Stamatopoulos Stamatopoulos and Associates 5 Isavron StreetAthens 11471Greece

The effect of preloading on the liquefaction cyclic strength was investigated by cyclic shear tests where horizontal shear stress oscillated about a zero mean value on sands with varying fines content and at varying prestress ratios, densities and verticalstresses. Test results showed a marked increase of the cyclic soil strength with the prestress ratio. The effect is more pronounced for the looser specimens. An empirical expression predicting this effect is proposed. This expression is validated from results of a field test.

关键词： Cyclic liquefaction shear stress field test

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Intentionally unilateral prostatic artery embolization:Patient selection,technique and potential benefits

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World Journal of Radiology 2024年第9期16卷 380-388页

作者： Hippocrates Moschouris konstantinos Stamatiou Department of Radiology General Hospital“Tzanio”Piraeus 18536Greece Department of Urology General Hospital“Tzanio”Piraeus 18536Greece

BACKGROUND Prostatic artery embolization(PAE)is a promising but also technically demanding interventional radiologic treatment for symptomatic benign prostatic *** technical challenges in PAE are associated with the complex anatomy of prostatic arteries(PAs)and with the systematic attempts to catheterize the PAs of both pelvic *** procedure times and high radiation doses are often the result of these attempts and are considered significant disadvantages of *** authors hypothesized that,in selected patients,these disadvantages could be mitigated by intentionally embolizing PAs of only one pelvic *** To describe the authors’approach for intentionally unilateral PAE(IU-PAE)and its potential *** This was a single-center retrospective study of patients treated with IU-PAE during a period of 2 ***-PAE was applied in patients with opacification of more than half of the contralateral prostatic lobe after angiography of the ipsilateral PA(subgroup A),or with markedly asymmetric prostatic enlargement,with the dominant prostatic lobe occupying at least two thirds of the entire gland(subgroup B).All patients treated with IU-PAE also fulfilled at least one of the following criteria:Severe tortuosity or severe atheromatosis of the pelvic arteries,non-visualization,or visualization of a tiny(vely)were significantly shorter(45.4%,35.9%,45.8%respectively,P<0.01)compared to the control *** and imaging outcomes did not differ significantly between the IU-PAE group and the control

关键词： Prostatic artery embolization Unilateral Computed tomographic angiography Dose area product Fluoroscopy time Prostatic infarction

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New markers of fibrosis in hepatitis C:A step towards the Holy Grail?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 112-114页

作者： konstantinos John Dabos Department of Hepatology St Hohn's HospitalLivingston EH546PPWest LothianUnited Kingdom

In the present issue of the World Journal of Hepatology,Ferrassi et al examine the problem of liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis *** identify novel biomarkers in an effort to predict accurate fibrosis staging with the aid of the metabolome of Hepatitis C *** I think Ferrassi et al took a different approach in identifying fibrosis biomarkers,by looking at the patients’*** biomarkers clearly separate patients from *** can also separate out,patients with minimal fibrosis(F0-F1 stage)and patients with cirrhosis(F4 stage).Obviously,if these biomarkers were to be widely used,tests for all the important metabolites would need to be readily available for use in hospitals or outpatient setting and that may prove difficult and above all,***,this step could eventually lead to a metabolomic approach for novel biomarkers of ***,it would need to be validated,but could represent a step towards the Holy Grail of Hepatology.

关键词： Hepatitis C metabolomics Fibrosis Non invasive markers Metavir

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